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Concrete and Abstract Nouns: Definition, Examples, & Exercises

• The Albert Team
• Last Updated On: March 1, 2022

What makes some nouns fall under the category of concrete, while other nouns are categorized  as abstract?

Read on to learn how to tell the difference between concrete and abstract nouns and when to use each type.

When you’re ready, test yourself with a quiz and practice with our high-quality, standards-aligned questions here .

What We Review

The Basics of Concrete and Abstract Nouns

What is a concrete noun?

A concrete noun identifies something material and non-abstract, such as a chair, a house, or an automobile. Think about everything you can experience with your five senses: smell, touch, sight, hearing, or taste. A strawberry milkshake that tastes sweet and feels cold is an example of a concrete noun .

What is an abstract noun?

An abstract noun identifies something immaterial and abstract, such as rest, dread, or transportation. Think about something you can describe but do not experience with your five senses.

Scoring an ‘A’ on a test or sinking the winning basket in a basketball game is what we would all describe as a win, a victory, or a success. But can you really describe any of these nouns using your senses?

Sure, you might be able to feel the rubber basketball as it leaves your hand and hear it “whoosh” through the net. You may be able to see your score on your test and feel the weight of the paper in your hands, but none of these senses can fully capture the meaning of these abstract nouns .

What is the relationship between concrete and abstract nouns?

Concrete and abstract nouns work together to allow us to communicate effectively.

This list, obviously, does not include all common and proper nouns and is meant to be used as a guide while identifying other nouns.

For example, you may have a friend who shares with you that they feel anxious.

You may not be familiar with this feeling, and you are having trouble understanding what your friend is going through because they used an abstract noun . You can ask your friend to describe what anxiety feels like, and often your friend will then use concrete nouns to help you understand more clearly.

Your friend explains that his anxiety feels like a giant rock is pushing on his chest, keeping him from moving. His anxiety also feels like he is trying to cross a busy highway, but there are too many cars quickly passing by, making it impossible for him to cross.

Because your friend used concrete nouns such as rock, chest, highway, and cars, you now have a better understanding of what the abstract noun, anxiety, must feel like. Now you know how to help your friend because using these different nouns together helped you both communicate effectively.

How do you use concrete and abstract nouns?

Concrete and abstract nouns can be used together or separately. Authors use concrete nouns to paint vivid physical descriptions of characters and settings.

For example, in The Hobbit , the author, J. R. R. Tolkien, describes the wizard Gandalf as “ an old man with a staff {with} a tall pointed blue hat, a long grey cloak, a silver scarf over a white beard hung down below his waist, and immense black boots ” (Tolkien 17).

There are several concrete nouns in this sentence that give the reader a picture of what Gandalf might look like. However, to fully understand who Gandalf is apart from just his physical appearance, the author must use abstract nouns as well.

As the story goes on, the reader finds out that some of Gandalf’s strengths are his wisdom and resourcefulness. Both wisdom and resourcefulness are abstract nouns that describe Gandalf further by going beyond Gandalf’s outward appearance.

However, to fully understand these abstract nouns, concrete nouns are needed once again to show the concrete details of how these strengths reveal themselves within the story.

For example, Gandalf’s resourcefulness is shown when he tricks two dangerous trolls into fighting with one another until the sun comes up, which then turns the trolls into stone.

As the trolls argue, Gandalf exclaims, “Dawn take you all, and be stone to you!” (Tolkien 51). When the trolls experience these concrete nouns and see the rising sun turn their bodies into stone, they realize Gandalf’s resourcefulness a little too late.

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3 Tips for Understanding Concrete vs. Abstract Nouns

Here are some important tips to help you determine the difference between concrete and abstract nouns:

Tip #1. If you can experience the noun with one of your five senses, it is a concrete noun

• Remember, concrete nouns identify something material and non-abstract, which means we can see, taste, hear, touch, or smell it.
• For example, your brother’s stinky shoes are a concrete noun. You can see them, and you can absolutely smell them.

Tip #2. If you cannot experience the noun with one or more of your five senses, it is an abstract noun

• Remember, abstract nouns identify something immaterial and abstract, which means we cannot see, taste, hear, touch, or smell it.
• For example, the word love is an abstract noun. No one ever saw love taking a stroll around the neighborhood with their pet Corgi, but most everyone understands what love is, even if we have various definitions of it.

Tip #3. Concrete nouns can help us better understand the meaning of abstract nouns

• Because we cannot experience abstract nouns with our five senses, it can be difficult to fully understand the meaning of certain abstract nouns.
• Concrete nouns help us understand the meaning of abstract nouns by comparing something immaterial to something material.
• For example, the abstract noun bravery can be better understood by comparing this word to the concrete words and actions of Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King Jr. embodies the abstract noun bravery because people saw his march to protect the rights of all people, people heard his voice speak against the injustice happening to people around him, and people knew his ears were always open to the stories of people who looked up to him.
• While the abstract noun bravery cannot be experienced using our five senses, we can understand its meaning better by using concrete nouns such as march , voice , and ears .

Applying the Basics: Common and Proper Noun Review & Practice

Now that you understand the difference between concrete and abstract nouns, let’s practice identifying both types of nouns. 

The Ultimate List of Concrete and Abstract Nouns 

Refer to the graphic below for an extensive list of example concrete and abstract nouns:

This list, obviously, does not include all concrete and abstract nouns, and it is meant to be used as a guide while identifying the difference between these two types of nouns.

Concrete Noun Exercises and Review 

Now that you know the difference between concrete and abstract nouns, test your ability to accurately identify concrete nouns.

Select the concrete noun(s) in the sentences below. Remember, these nouns identify something material that can be experienced using one or more of the five senses.

1. The chestnut brown horse galloped across the field , the shimmer of it’s golden mane imitated by the waving grass .

• In this sentence, horse, field, shimmer, mane , and grass are all concrete nouns because they can be experienced by one or more of the five senses, specifically, sight.

2. The heat of the sun beat down mercilessly on the soccer players , forcing several players to take a break to drink long gulps of cold water .

• In this sentence , heat, sun, players, gulps, and water are concrete nouns because they can all be seen, tasted, or felt. The noun break is not underlined because it refers to a stop in time and cannot be experienced by one or more of the five senses. Therefore, it is an abstract noun.

3. As she leaned her head outside the window , she could smell the fresh-cut grass and newly-mulched flower beds .

• In this sentence , head, window, grass, and flower beds are all concrete nouns because they can all be seen or smelled.

4. He adjusted the sound on his airpods so that he could hear the violin more clearly.

• In this sentence , sound, airpods, and violin are all concrete nouns because they can be perceived with the senses of sight and hearing.

5. The flames crackled and hissed atop the dry brush , spreading frantically across the forest in smoky gusts .

• In this sentence, flames, brush, forest, and gusts are all concrete nouns. The flames can be seen and heard spreading across the dry branches, and the smoky gusts can be seen, smelled, and even felt as it burns our eyes.

Pro tip : When evaluating whether a noun is concrete, ask yourself, “Can I experience it using one or more of the five senses?”

Abstract Noun Exercises and Review

Now that you know the difference between concrete and abstract nouns, test your ability to accurately identify abstract nouns.

Select the abstract noun(s) in the sentences below. Remember, these nouns identify something immaterial and abstract that cannot be experienced using any of the five senses.

1. His fear consumed him like a hungry beast consumes its prey.

• In this sentence, fear is the only abstract noun because it is the only noun that cannot be experienced using any of the five senses. Other nouns such as beast and prey can immediately be visualized in our minds, making these nouns concrete.

2. Her unwillingness to reach an agreement stalled the proceedings .

• In this sentence , unwillingness, agreement, and proceedings are all abstract nouns that express something immaterial and cannot be experienced using any of the five senses.

3. His worry over the Friday night game consumed him and caused his failure on his biology exam.

• In this sentence , worry and failure are both abstract nouns that identify something immaterial and cannot be experienced using any of the five senses.

4. One of Abraham Lincoln’s goals as president was to end slavery and declare freedom from forced servitude .

• In this sentence , slavery, freedom, and servitude are all abstract nouns because they all represent something immaterial that cannot be experienced using the five senses.

5. In his sonnets, Shakespeare often wrote about love , comparing his subject to the beauty of the natural world.

• In this sentence, love and beauty are both abstract nouns that express something immaterial that cannot be experienced using the five senses.

Pro tip : When evaluating whether a noun is abstract, ask yourself, “Can I experience it using one or more of the five senses? If the answer is no, then the noun is abstract.”

For additional practice, check out Concrete and Abstract Nouns content on Albert.

Try for Yourself: Concrete and Abstract Nouns Quiz

Feeling confident in your understanding of concrete and abstract nouns?

Take this short six-question quiz to see what you’ve learned:

1. Does a concrete noun identify something material or immaterial?

• Answer: Material
• Correct Explanation: That’s right! A concrete noun identifies something material like a car, a ball, or a dog.
• Incorrect Explanation: Sorry, that’s not right! Remember, a concrete noun identifies something material that can be experienced by one or more of the five senses.

2. Does an abstract noun identify something material or immaterial?

• Answer: Immaterial
• Correct Explanation: That’s right! An abstract noun identifies something abstract or immaterial like justice, freedom, or peace.
• Incorrect Explanation: Sorry, that’s not right! Remember, an abstract noun identifies something immaterial that cannot be experienced by any of the five senses.

3. In this sentence, are the underlined words concrete or abstract nouns ?

“We will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream ” (King Jr.). 

• Answer: Concrete
• Correct Explanation: That’s right! The nouns waters and stream are concrete because they refer to something material that can be both seen and touched.

4. In this sentence, are the underlined words concrete or abstract nouns ?

“We will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream” (King Jr.). 

• Answer: Abstract
• Correct Explanation: That’s right! The nouns justice and righteousness are both abstract because they refer to something immaterial that cannot be experienced by any of the five senses.

5. In this sentence, are the underlined words concrete or abstract nouns ?

The love I have for her knows no limit . 

• Correct Explanation: That’s right! The nouns love and limit are both abstract because they refer to something immaterial that cannot be experienced by any of the five senses.

6. In this sentence, are the underlined words concrete or abstract nouns ?

The excited puppy let out a delighted bark as he played contentedly with his red rubber ball . 

• Correct Explanation: That’s right! The nouns puppy, bark , and ball are concrete because they refer to something material that can be both seen and touched.
• Incorrect Explanation: Sorry, that’s not right!  Remember, a concrete noun identifies something material that can be experienced by one or more of the five senses. 

For additional practice with concrete and abstract nouns, check out our practice on Albert: Concrete and Abstract Nouns .

Teacher’s Corner for Concrete and Abstract Nouns

Concrete and abstract nouns are a foundational, third grade grammar skill according to the Common Core State Standards , the Common Core English Language Progressive Skills Chart shows that even elementary-level skills “require continued attention in higher grades as they are applied to increasingly sophisticated writing and speaking.”

Albert’s concrete and abstract nouns practice can be used for more than just homework! Our assessments can be used as pre-and post-tests to measure student progress. Our pre-made quizzes can be used as bell-ringers, exit tickets, and more!

In addition to our pre-made assessments, you can also use our assignments feature to create your own quizzes and assessments.

Summary on Concrete and Abstract Nouns

Concrete nouns identify something material and non-abstract that can be experienced by one or more of the five senses.

Abstract nouns identify something immaterial and abstract that cannot be experienced by any of the five senses.

Concrete and abstract nouns can be used in tandem with one another or separately. Be sure to check out our grammar course for more concrete and abstract noun practice.

You can also access over 3,400 high-quality questions that address nearly every grammatical concept.

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Meet the Abstract Noun

An explanation of the intangible noun

• An Introduction to Punctuation
• Ph.D., Rhetoric and English, University of Georgia
• M.A., Modern English and American Literature, University of Leicester
• B.A., English, State University of New York

In English grammar , an abstract noun is a  noun or noun phrase  that names an idea, event, quality, or concept—for example, courage, freedom, progress, love, patience, excellence, and friendship. An abstract noun names something that can't be physically touched. Contrast that with a  concrete noun .

According to "A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language," abstract nouns are "typically non-observable and nonmeasurable.” But, as James Hurford explains, the distinction between abstract nouns and other common nouns "is relatively unimportant, as far as grammar is concerned." An example of abstract nouns used in a sentence is, " Silence can be   a source of great strength ." Here, "silence" and "strength" are abstract nouns because they name an idea and quality, respectively.

Examples and Observations

In the following examples, the abstract noun is listed in italics type.

" Love is an irresistible desire to be irresistibly desired." – Robert Frost

"Men say they love independence in a woman, but they don't waste a second demolishing it brick by brick."

– Candice Bergen, quoted by Catherine Breslin in "The Mistress Condition." Dutton, 1976

" Creativity requires the courage to let go of certainties ." – Erich Fromm

"More than any other time in history , mankind faces a crossroads. One path leads to despair and utter hopelessness . The other, to total extinction . Let us pray we have the wisdom to choose correctly." – Woody Allen, "My Speech to the Graduates." The New York Times, 1979

"When love is gone, there's always justice . And when justice is gone, there's always force . And when force is gone, there's always Mom. Hi, Mom!" – Laurie Anderson, "O Superman." 1981

" Fear is the main source of superstition , and one of the main sources of cruelty . To conquer fear is the beginning of wisdom ."

– Bertrand Russell, "An Outline of Intellectual Rubbish." "Unpopular Essays." Simon & Schuster Inc., 1950

"Her face, which was long and dark chocolate brown, had a thin sheet of sadness over it, as light but as permanent as the viewing gauze on a coffin." – Maya Angelou, "I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings." Random House, 1969

The Nature of Abstract Nouns

"Abstract and concrete are usually defined together or in terms of each other. The abstract is that which exists only in our minds, that which we cannot know through our senses. It includes qualities, relationships, conditions, ideas, theories, states of being, fields of inquiry and the like. We cannot know a quality such as consistency directly through our senses; we can only see or hear about people acting in ways that we come to label consistent."

– William Vande Kopple, "Clear and Coherent Prose." Scott Foresman & Co., 1989

Countable and Uncountable Abstract Nouns

"Although abstract nouns tend to be uncountable (courage, happiness, news, tennis, training), many are countable (an hour, a joke, a quantity). Others can be both, often with shifts of meaning from general to particular (great kindness/many kindnesses)."

– Tom McArthur, "Abstract and Concrete." "The Oxford Companion to the English Language." Oxford University Press, 1992

Inflection of Abstract Nouns

"[M]any abstract nouns are generally not inflected for number (lucks, nauseas) or they do not occur in the possessive (the commitment's time)."

– M. Lynne Murphy and Anu Koskela, "Key Terms in Semantics." Continuum, 2010

The Grammatical Unimportance of Abstract Nouns

"[R]ecognizing abstract nouns is relatively unimportant, as far as grammar is concerned. This is because there are few, if any, particular grammatical properties that affect just the set of abstract nouns. ... One suspects that the reason for the recurrent mention of abstract nouns is the clash between their (abstract) meanings and the traditional definition of a noun as the 'name of a person, place or thing.' The existence of obvious nouns such as liberty, action, sin and time is a sore embarrassment to such a definition, and the pragmatic response has been to apply a distinctive label to the problematic words."

– James R. Hurford, "Grammar: A Student's Guide." Cambridge University Press, 1994

The Lighter Side of Abstract Nouns

" 'It represents Discipline,' said Mr. Etherege. ... 'And to the uninstructed mind, Uniformity.' His abstract nouns were audibly furnished with capital letters . 'But the latter notion is fallacious.'

" 'No doubt,' said Fen. He perceived that this incipient homily required punctuation rather than argument .

" 'Fallacious,' Mr. Etherege proceeded, 'because the attempt to produce Uniformity inevitably accentuates Eccentricity. It makes Eccentricity, as it were, safe.' "

– Bruce Montgomery [aka Edmund Crispin], "Love Lies Bleeding." Vintage, 1948

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Abstract Noun

What is an abstract noun.

• consideration, parenthood, belief, anger

Table of Contents

More Examples of Abstract Nouns

Find the abstract noun test, abstract nouns vs concrete nouns, list of abstract nouns, why abstract nouns are important, video lesson.

Abstract or Concrete? It Could Be Ambiguous.

• anger, anxiety, beauty, beliefs, bravery, brilliance, chaos, charity, childhood, comfort, communication, compassion, courage, culture, curiosity, deceit, dedication, democracy, determination, energy, failure, faith, fear, freedom, friendship, generosity, gossip, happiness, hate, honesty, hope, imagination, information, integrity, intelligence, joy, justice, kindness, knowledge, liberty, life, love, loyalty, luxury, misery, motivation, opportunity, pain, patience, peace, perseverance, pleasure, pride, relaxation, sacrifice, satisfaction, skill, strength, success, sympathy, talent, thought, trust, truth, warmth, wisdom
• ...and my bicycle never leaned against the garage as it does today, all the dark blue speed drained out of it. (from "On Turning Ten" by American Poet Laureate Billy Collins
• If writing a poem, consider expressing abstract ideas using concrete nouns.

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This page was written by Craig Shrives .

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Abstract Nouns: Definition, Structure, and Useful Examples

Abstract nouns, in particular, play a crucial role in expressing emotions, thoughts, and other non-physical aspects of our experiences. Understanding the characteristics of abstract nouns is essential for effective communication and expression.

In this article, we will explore definition, examples, usages of abstract nouns. By delving into these characteristics, we can gain a deeper understanding of how abstract nouns function in our language and how to use them effectively in writing and speech.

Abstract Nouns – Picture

What Are Abstract Nouns?

Abstract nouns are a type of noun that represent intangible ideas or concepts that cannot be perceived with the five senses. These nouns refer to things that are not directly observable, such as emotions, feelings, ideas, and qualities. Abstract nouns are the opposite of concrete nouns, which refer to things that can be perceived with the senses, such as people, animals, and objects.

Examples of abstract nouns include love, courage, freedom, beauty, and intelligence. These nouns represent concepts that cannot be touched, seen, or heard, but are still important in our lives. Abstract nouns are often used to express emotions, feelings, or ideas that are difficult to describe in concrete terms.

One way to identify abstract nouns is to look for words that end in -ness, -ity, -ism, -tion, -ment, -ence, or -ance. These suffixes often indicate that a word is an abstract noun. For example, happiness, sincerity, patriotism, communication, development, and intelligence are all abstract nouns.

Abstract Nouns Examples

Abstract nouns are words that represent ideas, emotions, concepts, and states of being that cannot be perceived by the senses. Here are some examples of abstract nouns that fall into different categories:

Emotions are a common type of abstract noun. They refer to feelings that we experience but cannot see or touch.

• Frustration
• Disappointment
• Anticipation

Abstract nouns can also represent ideas or concepts that are intangible. Examples include democracy, freedom, justice, and liberty. These ideas are often associated with political or social systems and are not physical objects that can be touched or seen.

• Responsibility
• Perseverance
• Empowerment
• Spirituality

States of Being

States of being are another type of abstract noun. They refer to a person’s physical, emotional, or mental state. Examples include patience, courage, strength, and intelligence. These states of being are often described using adjectives such as patient, brave, strong, or intelligent.

• Contentment
• Restlessness
• Determination
• Intelligence

Abstract nouns can be tricky to identify because they do not refer to physical objects that we can see or touch. However, they play an important role in language and communication. They allow us to express complex ideas, emotions, and concepts that cannot be conveyed through concrete nouns.

Converting Verbs and Adjectives into Abstract Nouns

Abstract nouns can be formed from verbs and adjectives by adding certain suffixes. This is a useful way to discuss the general concept behind something, rather than specific examples. Here are some common suffixes and examples of how they can be used to form abstract nouns:

-tion: This suffix is added to verbs to form abstract nouns. For example, the verb “create” can be turned into the abstract noun “creation.”

Here is a list of examples of abstract nouns formed by adding suffixes to verbs:

• Create – Creation
• Imagine – Imagination
• Communicate – Communication
• Collaborate – Collaboration
• Explore – Exploration
• Investigate – Investigation
• Evaluate – Evaluation
• Observe – Observation
• Participate – Participation
• Contribute – Contribution
• Perceive – Perception
• Reflect – Reflection
• Converse – Conversation
• Appreciate – Appreciation
• Determine – Determination
• Recognize – Recognition
• Inspire – Inspiration
• Educate – Education

-ity: This suffix is added to adjectives to form abstract nouns. For example, the adjective “able” can be turned into the abstract noun “ability.”

• Generous – Generosity
• Humble – Humility
• Honest – Honesty
• Sincere – Sincerity
• Curious – Curiosity
• Authentic – Authenticity
• Clear – Clarity
• Pure – Purity
• Modest – Modesty
• Real – Reality
• Frivolous – Frivolity
• Prosperous – Prosperity
• Fragile – Fragility
• Agile – Agility
• Flexibile – Flexibility
• Intense – Intensity
• Credible – Credibility
• Reliable – Reliability
• Stability – Stability
• Sensitivity – Sensitivity
• Simplicity – Simplicity
• Complexity – Complexity
• Diversity – Diversity
• Unity – Unity
• Authenticity – Authenticity
• Serenity – Serenity
• Liberty – Liberty

-ment: This suffix is added to verbs to form abstract nouns. For example, the verb “develop” can be turned into the abstract noun “development.”

• Develop – Development
• Govern – Government
• Establish – Establishment
• Enrich – Enrichment
• Entertain – Entertainment
• Align – Alignment
• Endorse – Endorsement
• Implement – Implementation
• Invest – Investment
• Encourage – Encouragement
• Punish – Punishment
• Enforce – Enforcement
• Achievement – Achievement
• Improvement – Improvement
• Management – Management
• Assessment – Assessment
• Deployment – Deployment
• Employment – Employment
• Engagement – Engagement
• Adjustment – Adjustment
• Announcement – Announcement
• Advancement – Advancement
• Attachment – Attachment
• Treatment – Treatment
• Movement – Movement
• Judgement – Judgement
• Refinement – Refinement
• Retirement – Retirement

-ness: This suffix is added to adjectives to form abstract nouns. For example, the adjective “kind” can be turned into the abstract noun “kindness.”

• Kind – Kindness
• Happy – Happiness
• Sad – Sadness
• Dark – Darkness
• Light – Lightness
• Sweet – Sweetness
• Bitter – Bitterness
• Open – Openness
• Closed – Closeness
• Brave – Braveness
• Bold – Boldness
• Calm – Calmness
• Nervous – Nervousness
• Cool – Coolness
• Warm – Warmness
• Fair – Fairness
• Clear – Clearness
• Rich – Richness
• Poor – Poorness
• Full – Fullness
• Emptiness – Emptiness
• Soft – Softness
• Hard – Hardness
• Polite – Politeness
• Rude – Rudeness
• Gentle – Gentleness
• Rough – Roughness
• Weak – Weakness

-hood: This suffix is added to nouns to form abstract nouns. For example, the noun “child” can be turned into the abstract noun “childhood.”

When converting verbs and adjectives into abstract nouns, it is important to choose the right suffix to convey the intended meaning. For example, if the writer wants to discuss the process of creating something, they might use the suffix “-tion.” If they want to discuss the quality of being happy, they might use “-ity.”

Abstract Nouns vs. Concrete Nouns

Abstract nouns and concrete nouns are two different types of nouns that are used to describe different types of things. Abstract nouns describe concepts, ideas, emotions, and other intangible things that cannot be seen, touched, or heard. Concrete nouns, on the other hand, describe physical objects that can be seen, touched, or heard.

Some examples of abstract nouns include love, happiness, freedom, courage, and intelligence. These are all concepts that cannot be seen or touched, but are important to our daily lives. Concrete nouns, on the other hand, include things like trees, cars, houses, and animals. These are all physical objects that can be seen and touched.

One way to differentiate between abstract nouns and concrete nouns is to ask yourself whether the noun can be experienced through the senses. If it can be seen, touched, heard, smelled, or tasted, then it is a concrete noun. If it cannot be experienced through the senses, then it is an abstract noun.

Abstract Nouns Exercises

To reinforce the understanding of abstract nouns, exercises can be used to test knowledge and identify areas that need improvement. Here are a few examples of abstract noun exercises and their answers:

Identify the abstract noun in the following sentences:

• The beauty of the sunset took her breath away.
• His honesty is refreshing.
• She showed great bravery during the crisis .
• The teacher’s patience with her students was impressive.
• The team’s unity led to their success.

Form abstract nouns from the following words:

• love – love
• happy – happiness
• strong – strength
• create – creation
• help – helplessness

Identify whether the following nouns are concrete or abstract:

By practicing exercises like these, individuals can improve their understanding of abstract nouns and their usage in sentences.

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Abstract Nouns

What are abstract nouns.

Abstract nouns signify things that are impossible for us to perceive with the 5 senses.  These are nouns that are described as intangible or immaterial, which means we can’t hear, see, smell, taste, or touch them. They represent ideas and qualities that lack physical forms.

Let’s look at the following examples:

• Tae Hyung has shown great determination during the tryouts.
• They’ve known each other for 4 decades. Their friendship is truly remarkable. 
• Satu’s enthusiasm for a software overhaul is quite infectious.
• What kind of impression did you want to give to your colleagues?
• I know it was late so I deeply appreciate your consideration .

Abstract nouns can be classified in various ways, but to avoid repetition, abstract nouns may fall into the following groups:

• Human Qualities – dedication, sanity, beauty, honesty, intelligence, bravery, strength, jealousy, brilliance, calmness, sympathy, compassion, wisdom, patience, confidence, stupidity, honor, sophistication, wit, goodness
• Emotions and Feelings – love, hatred, envy, despair, sorrow, hope, anger, delight, excitement, grief, surprise, worry, regret, fascination, tiredness, pleasure, relief, misery, satisfaction, amazement
• Concepts and Ideas – adventure, loss, mercy, communication, knowledge, imagination, dictatorship, faith, opportunity, forgiveness, idea, fragility, liberty, motivation, justice, luxury, necessity, peace, reality, parenthood

Abstract nouns are usually studied in contrast to concrete nouns. Concrete nouns represent nouns that can be perceived by the 5 senses. Cars, butterflies, pizza, the Leaning Tower of Pisa, wands, and so on.

Abstract Nouns Rules

Study the table below for some rules for using concrete nouns:

3 Types of Abstract Nouns Examples

The entire list of abstract nouns is extensive. They refer to qualities, feelings, states of being, and characteristics. The following are examples of abstract nouns in sentences, grouped into 3 main ideas:

1. Human Qualities

• Liam’s scientific curiosity has always been there since he was a kid.
• My friends have done pretty well in life but they never treated me with any ego .
• When will Katrina develop the courage to stand up for herself?
• Samsoon takes his sense of determination after his dad.
• We need candidates who show enthusiasm for teamwork and mutual support.

2. Emotions and Feelings

• Young-hwan’s disbelief at the magician’s routine was apparent in his expression.
• Rainy weather always fills me with a strange kind of sadness .
• It’s not unusual to feel a level of uncertainty after you graduate.
• Alexis and his parents must be beaming with pride when he received a scholarship.
• Luka feels defeated so you’d do well to hide your disappointment about his score.

3. Concepts and Ideas

• Kugaha’s latest installation is marvelous. How does a person achieve such artistry ?
• Tony has seen his share of evil after ten years of working in the force.
• Unemployment is on the rise but I wonder if it’s because people are choosy.
• The truth is, Uriel wanted to study music but he opted for an industry that pays well.
• Many English Club members saw a vast improvement in their grades at school.

Abstract Nouns Exercises with Answers

Exercise on abstract nouns.

Identify whether the underlined noun in each sentence is abstract or concrete:

1. His family has run a business making custom signs for over 9 years.

2. We thank the foundation for such generosity in our outreach programs.

3. One of the issues plaguing the city is squalor in two of its districts.

4. Several hospitals in the region had built dormitories for front liners.

5. They say the opposite, but I think favoritism exists in families.

6. Are these the native dances that we should be doing research on?

7. There are some horror stories going around about the old hotel.

8. Ultimately, Kendra’s logic skills led her team to victory on the challenge.

9. You would think that parenthood is easy, but it’s extremely difficult.

10. I think I sprained some fingers after cutting so much wood.

11. Were there a lot of children at the park today?

12. Willem used to make colorful paper airplanes  to sell to his classmates.

13. The law should champion the defenseless, but it doesn’t seem like it.

14. Won’t you show me some mercy and not give me a ticket? Please?

15. Shaylene wanted to use a specific design of bricks for the pathway.

16. His fascination for anatomy has been misunderstood as a dark side.

17. Luigi bought too many bottles of water so they started giving them out.

18. How much information can you gather after a weekend of interviews?

19. There is a great need for more sustainable practices in the fishing industry.

20. Will we have time to visit a few temples at least? I want to take photos.

1. signs: concrete

2. generosity: abstract

3. squalor: abstract

4. hospitals: concrete

5. favoritism: abstract

6. dances: concrete

7. stories: concrete

8. redemption: abstract

9. victory: abstract

10. fingers: concrete

11. children: concrete

12. airplanes: concrete

13. law: abstract

14: mercy: abstract

15: bricks: concrete

16. fascination: abstract

17. bottles: concrete

18. knowledge: abstract

19. need: abstract

20. temples: concrete

Abstract Nouns List

The following table is a list of more abstract nouns:

Advice for ESL Students & English Language Learners

Nouns are considered the main part of speech in English grammar. They comprise the names of everything in existence, after all. But because of their volume, mastering the different types, rules, and overlapping concepts of nouns can be a huge challenge to English language learners. However, there are a few things that can make language studies a bit easier, not only with nouns but with all the other grammar subjects in the English language, too. The following advice serves that purpose. Read along and consider following them to aid with achieving your language goals.

1. Use Grammar Lists

There are fewer grammar tools that can function as effectively as lists, tables, charts, and diagrams. These tools are valuable in introducing grammar concepts and breaking them down into simplified segments. They can make topics much easier to grasp and almost always contain real-world sentence examples that are great for the acquisition of new workable vocabulary and the construction of sentences. The challenge is picking the ones that work for you. If you can’t find any, you can make your own and customize it according to your own study habits and preferences.

2. Use Audio-Visual Resources

Traditional classes aren’t enough for learning a language. Independent learning should go hand in hand with formal academic training. Since self-studying is a necessity, a great way to maximize it is to learn with the right resources. One effective and smart way to do so is to ensure that you have ample exposure to English media. Incorporating audio-visual materials is both an educational and entertaining way to achieve fluency. TV shows, films, podcasts, dedicated instructional videos, interactive learning software like LillyPad.ai, social media clips, and so on can show you how English speakers (native or otherwise) use the language in different professional, academic, and social contexts. You only need to consume these tools with purpose, which means taking content in with the intention of learning elements of the language. It can go a long way to add some punch to your aptitude.

3. Practical Use

Teachers from all branches of study would share the adage “theory means nothing without practice.” This is especially true when you’re learning languages. Your teachers are simply your guides; they won’t be there to speak or write English for you. The most efficient way to improve your level is to use the language as often as possible. It isn’t uncommon for someone who has impeccable grammar to be horrible at speaking or verbal communication. It’s likely because a major part of their studies is spent on books, not in actual interaction. While it’s true that most English language learners don’t live in areas where English is spoken all the time, there’s always a way to create your own learning environment. You can organize study groups or English clubs with same-minded people. You can nurture friendships both with native and non-native speakers alike. Not only will you have the avenue for practicing English, you can also develop your social and cultural intelligence.

Additionally, it is important for learners to properly understand concrete nouns and common and proper nouns .

Common Errors Made by English Learners

Errors in concrete nouns are rooted in any of the three factors below. Study the table in order to avoid making the same errors:

Learning Strategies and Best Practices with Abstract Nouns

The best way to master concrete nouns is to remember 3 simple things. Let’s take a look at the following list:

• The five senses are sight, smell, touch, taste, and hearing. Nouns that refer to these are sensory words and are therefore concrete.
• If a noun can’t be sensed physically, it’s an abstract noun. “Concept” nouns are all abstract. Most nouns that describe emotions are abstract. You can’t experience it with the senses, but rather experience it in thought or idea.
• Concrete and abstract nouns go hand in hand. We can understand abstract nouns better by adding concrete or sensory qualities to them. Concrete nouns illustrate abstract nouns further.

Abstract Nouns Frequently Asked Questions

Try to figure out the verbs from which these abstract nouns are taken:

1. blockade 2. movement 3. consciousness 4. appointment 5. resistance 6. reflection 7. perception 8. disappearance 9. enjoyment 10. hatred

Try to figure out the adjectives from which these abstract nouns are taken:

1. fragility 2. happiness 3. sincerity 4. gentleness 5. impossibility 6. freedom 7. madness 8. silence 9. dependence 10. responsibility

Abstract nouns are nouns that cannot be grasped by the five senses. This classification is comprised of ideas, emotions, or concepts. If you hate someone, it’s easy to see from your behavior: unreceptive, aloof, or blatantly dismissive. But you can’t actually see the word “hate.” Hate is considered an abstract noun.

No. It’s possible to quantify abstract nouns as long as you confirm that they are countable. For example, the word “skill” refers to a person’s ability to do something, but the word itself can’t actually be seen. It is an abstract noun.

When used generally, it is an uncountable noun. “Bob has skill,” for example. But when used to indicate different kinds of skills it is countable. “Bob has lots of amazing skills.”

All sensory nouns are concrete. A “chair” is a thing you can touch and see, and in some instances even smell or taste if you want to.

You can even hear it if someone hits or throws it. This makes the word a concrete noun. But ideas, emotions, and beliefs don’t have physical forms. Love, Christianity, law, and so on are examples of such and are considered abstract.

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What Are Abstract Nouns And How Do You Use Them?

• What's An Abstract Noun?
• Abstract Vs. Concrete Nouns
• Get Help With Grammar Coach

You probably know that a noun is a word that refers to a person, place, thing, or idea—this is a grammar concept we learn pretty early on in school. And there are, of course, several different types of nouns that we use to refer to all of the things we experience during our lives: We eat food. We meet friends. We go to the store. These nouns refer to the people and physical objects that we interact with.

But what about the things that we can’t actually see or touch? Aren’t words like love , victory , and alliance nouns, too? Yes, they are, and there is a term you may not remember from your grade-school days that we use to refer to these things: the abstract noun.

What is an abstract noun?

An abstract noun is “a noun denoting something immaterial and abstract.” Another common way to think about abstract nouns is that they refer to things that you cannot experience with the five senses . You cannot see, smell, hear, taste, or touch abstract nouns. Abstract nouns refer to intangible things that don’t exist as physical objects.

For example, the word cat refers to a cute animal. You can see and touch a cat. The noun cat is not an abstract noun. On the other hand, the word luck refers to a complex idea about how likely it is that good or bad events are going to happen to someone. Luck doesn’t exist as a physical object; you can’t eat luck nor can you go to a store and buy luck. Luck is an abstract noun because it refers to an intangible concept rather than a physical object that we can experience with our senses.

What about those nouns that you can tangibly sense? Learn more about concrete nouns here.

Abstract noun examples

Unlike most other nouns, abstract nouns don’t refer to people or places. After all, people and places are real things that exist in our world. Even nouns that refer to fictional characters and places, such as Godzilla or Valhalla , are not, the reasoning goes, abstract nouns because these things would have a physical form if they were actually real.

So, all abstract nouns are “things.” Remember, though, that abstract nouns only refer to intangible things such as emotions, ideas, philosophies, and concepts. Let’s stop being abstract and look at some specific examples so we can get a better understanding of abstract nouns.

Even though we often say that we “feel” emotions, we don’t mean that literally. You “feel” emotions like happiness or anger as thoughts in your mind or activity in your brain and body. You can’t hold happiness in your hand or eat a plate of sadness. You can see people or animals expressing these emotions through actions, but emotions are not tangible objects. So, we refer to them with abstract nouns.

• Examples: happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, disgust, joy, fear, anxiety, hope

Ideas, concepts and beliefs

Besides emotions, abstract nouns are also used to refer to other concepts and ideas. These kinds of abstract nouns give names to complex topics and give us a glimpse into a big part of what makes us human—our big, wrinkly brains! While most abstract nouns are common nouns, meaning that they refer to general ideas, they can also be proper nouns, such as Christianity.

• Examples: government, dedication, cruelty, justice, Christianity, Islam, Cubism

List of abstract nouns

Abstract nouns can be pretty tough to understand, so let’s look at a bunch more:

• religion, science, experimentation, research, magnetism, creativity, invisibility, kindness, greed, laziness, effort, speed, concentration, confusion, dizziness, time, situation, existence, death, anarchy, law, democracy, relief, opportunity, technology, discovery, hopelessness, defeat, friendship, patience, decay, holiness, youth, childhood, Stoicism, Marxism

The difference between abstract & concrete nouns

Getting a grasp on what abstract nouns are, exactly, can be tough. While abstract nouns refer to intangible things without a physical form, all of the people, places, and things that do actually have a physical form are referred to by a type of noun: a concrete noun. Unlike abstract nouns, concrete nouns can be experienced with the five senses: they can take a material form rather than an image, say, in your mind’s eye of catness.  You can see a tree . You can eat a pineapple. You can hear an engine. You can smell socks. You can touch a lamp.

So, your five senses can help you distinguish between abstract and concrete nouns. Remember, words for fictional people, places, and things are considered to be concrete nouns even if they don’t actually exist in our world. You may not be able to smell a zombie in everyday life, but you would be able to if it were real—just remember to run away if you ever saw one!

Let’s put your noun knowledge to the test with some example sentences. Read each sentence and see if you can figure out if each italicized noun is an abstract noun or a concrete noun.

• Billionaire Jeff Bezos is famous for his wealth.
• Next week, we are going on vacation to Belgium.
• When I grow up, I want to be a superhero.
• They said he was possessed by a ghost.
• The robot had many impressive abilities.
• Her blindness didn’t stop her from being successful.
• I was attacked by a swarm of bees.
• She sells seashells by the seashore.
• We heard shouting from next door.
•  The girl just wants attention from her parents.

Good grammar: not an abstract concept

We’ve got a noun for you: genius! And that’s what you’ll be when you check your writing on Thesaurus.com’s Grammar Coach™ . This writing tool uses machine learning technology uniquely designed to catch grammar and spelling errors. Its Synonym Swap will find the best nouns, adjectives, and more to help say what you really mean, guiding you toward clearer, stronger, writing.

Whether you’re writing about a person, place, or thing, perfect grammar has never been easier!

Answers: 1. Abstract 2. Concrete 3. Concrete 4. Concrete 5. Abstract 6. Abstract 7. Concrete 8. Concrete 9. Concrete 10. Abstract

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Understanding an Abstract Noun (Definition, Examples, Word List)

What is an abstract noun? How is it different from a common noun ? What are words that represent an abstract noun? These are all great questions that you probably have . Abstract nouns can get confusing when comparing them to regular common nouns or proper nouns. This comprehensive guide will break down the abstract noun, its use , and the functions that grammatically govern it.

What is an abstract noun? 

An abstract noun is a type of noun that represents intangible things. Things you can’t perceive with the five primary senses in the human body (taste, touch, smell, etc.).

Abstract noun definition 

As the name suggests, an abstract noun is a noun type. It refers to an intangible idea (one that you cannot fathom using your five senses). Such intangible concepts could include emotions, qualities, ideas, etc.

All nouns that do not have a tangible or physical object to refer to fall under the bracket of abstract nouns . Abstract nouns are widely used in English proverbs. 

Some common examples include health, wealth, parenthood, anger, courage, and more. 

Abstract noun compared to other nouns 

Nouns are an essential part of speech. They are instrumental in naming places, people, objects, animals, and intangible ideas.

You may have noticed that whenever you write a sentence , you are using at least one noun in it.

Nouns can get used differently in different sentence formations. Their functions can vary. Here are the main types of nouns you could use in a complete sentence:

Proper Nouns

Proper nouns are naming agents for places, people, or things. They usually start with a capital letter. 

For example:

• My name is Lisa. (Lisa is the proper noun )
• John lives in Finland. (Finland is the proper noun)
• Jazz is a famous book. (Jazz is the proper noun)

Common Nouns 

Nouns that refer to generic things are referred to as common nouns . 

• I bought a new book yesterday. (Book is the common noun)
• There is a pigeon on the windowsill. (Pigeon is the common noun)
• Rob bought a blue car. (Car is the common noun)

Countable Nouns 

Nouns that can be measured or counted are called countable nouns . 

• I take two spoons of sugar in my tea. (“Two” is the countable noun )
• She bought a dozen bananas at the market. (“A dozen” is the countable noun) 

Uncountable Nouns 

Nouns that cannot be measured or counted are called uncountable nouns. 

• I have plenty of homework. (Plenty is the uncountable noun)
• Is that enough milk in your coffee? (Enough is the uncountable noun)

Collective Nouns 

Collective nouns depict a group of objects, people, animals, and more. 

• A flock of sheep 
• A pile of books 
• A school of fish 
• A bevy of women 

Concrete Nouns 

Also referred to as material nouns, concrete nouns refer to things that have a physical presence and can be perceived using the five senses. 

Abstract Nouns 

Any noun that is intangible or which cannot be perceived using the five senses is an abstract noun . 

• Bravery is a virtue. (Bravery is the abstract noun)
• My childhood was merry and fun . (Childhood is the abstract noun)

Abstract nouns in comparison to concrete nouns 

Concrete noun, as the name suggests, includes all those objects which have a physical presence and are tangible. They can be perceived with the help of our five senses. These include nouns such as book, pen, cup, table silk, door, car, and so on. 

• I travel to school by bus . (School and bus are both concrete nouns )
• Sally opened the door. (Door is the concrete noun) 

Abstract nouns include everything that is intangible and cannot be perceived by the five senses. These include emotions, feelings, ideas, and more. 

• Honesty is the best policy. (Honesty is the abstract noun)
• Freedom is my birthright. (Freedom is the abstract noun) 

Abstract noun word list 

Here are some examples of abstract nouns based on their kind. 

• Feelings – sympathy, fear, anxiety, stress, pleasure
• State – Chaos, peace, misery, freedom
• Emotions – anger, joy, sorrow, hate 
• Qualities – determination, courage, honesty, generosity, patience 
• Concepts – democracy, charity, deceit, opportunity, comfort 
• Moments – career, death, marriage, childhood, birth 

More examples of commonly used abstract nouns

• Bravery 
• Brilliance 
• Childhood 
• Comfort 
• Compassion 
• Communication 
• Curiosity 
• Culture 
• Dedication 
• Energy 
• Faith 
• Friendship 
• Gossip 
• Information 
• Imagination 
• Intelligence 
• Integrity 
• Justice 
• Knowledge 
• Kindness 
• Liberty 
• Loyalty 
• Luxury 
• Motivation 
• Perseverance 
• Relaxation 
• Skill 
• Satisfaction 
• Strength 
• Success 
• Thought 
• Talent 
• Truth 
• Trust 
• Wisdom 
• Warmth 

Sentence examples with abstract nouns 

The following are three sentence examples with abstract nouns – 

• This cafe has a pleasant ambiance. (Ambiance is the abstract noun)
• Pride is a deadly sin. (Pride is the abstract noun)
• My friendship with Peter is of seven years . (Friendship is the abstract noun) 

Conversion of Verbs and Adjectives into Abstract Nouns 

Convert verbs and adjectives into abstract nouns by adding a suffix . The reverse is also a possibility. 

• Perceive – Perception 
• Inform – Information 
• Determine – Determination 
• Dark – Darkness 
• Silent – Silence

Why are abstract nouns important? 

Abstract nouns are tricky. Use concrete nouns to make them understandable in sentences. Abstract nouns are not of much use from a business point of view.

However, they are an integral part of any English grammar course. Conversions between abstract nouns and verbs or adjectives are essential while learning complete sentence construction.

Yes, warmth is an abstract noun. 

The abstract form of ability (abstract noun) is able.

Five examples of abstract nouns include honesty, glory, patience, determination, and truth.

Inside this article

Fact checked: Content is rigorously reviewed by a team of qualified and experienced fact checkers. Fact checkers review articles for factual accuracy, relevance, and timeliness. Learn more.

About the author

Dalia Y.: Dalia is an English Major and linguistics expert with an additional degree in Psychology. Dalia has featured articles on Forbes, Inc, Fast Company, Grammarly, and many more. She covers English, ESL, and all things grammar on GrammarBrain.

Core lessons

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• Accusative Case
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Concrete vs. Abstract Nouns – What’s the Difference?

3-minute read

• 21st April 2023

As the old rule goes, a noun is “a person, place, or thing.” But did you know that nouns can be divided into two distinct categories? Those types are concrete nouns and abstract nouns .

What’s the difference, and are there any rules on how to use them? Read on to find out.

Concrete Nouns

Concrete nouns are what you probably think of first when you think of nouns. They are tangible objects, places, and things that you can experience with at least one of your five senses – that is, you can see them, touch them, smell them, taste them, or hear them.

Examples of Concrete Nouns

To give you a better sense of what concrete nouns are, here are some examples:

Concrete nouns also include some proper nouns , such as names of people, places, and brands. Lucy , Kansas , and Twitter are all concrete nouns.

Abstract Nouns

Abstract nouns are intangible things. They don’t take a physical form; rather, they’re a concept or an idea. Abstract nouns include emotions, beliefs, and qualities. Although you can, in a way, sense an abstract noun, such as by experiencing anger, it isn’t something you can actually engage with using any of the five senses.

We use abstract nouns all the time. Here’s a list of just a few:

Concrete nouns can also include some proper nouns, such as names of religions or events in history (e.g., Buddhism , Renaissance ).

Rules for Using Abstract and Concrete Nouns

Fortunately, although there is a difference between the two types of words, there are no separate rules for using concrete and abstract nouns. There are a few basic rules for using nouns in general, though:

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·  For all nouns, you need to follow subject–verb agreement (i.e., using the plural form of a verb for plural nouns and the singular form for singular nouns).

·  You should usually capitalize proper nouns (with exceptions, such as eBay).

·  For nouns beginning with consonant sounds, use the article “a,” while for nouns beginning with a vowel sound, you need the article “an.”

Summary: Concrete vs. Abstract Nouns

If you’re uncertain whether a word is a concrete or abstract noun, ask yourself if it can be experienced with any of the five senses on a physical level. For example, the only way we may “see” or “feel” freedom is by noticing its consequences; therefore, it’s an abstract noun.

If you need help with your use of nouns – or just words in general – our expert editors are here to help. They’ll check your work for grammar, spelling, punctuation, and more. Submit a free sample of your work to try it out!

Frequently Asked Questions

What are concrete nouns.

Concrete nouns are tangible people, places, and things: Grandma , school , pizza.

What are abstract nouns?

Abstract nouns are intangible things, such as concepts and ideas: sadness , peace , feminism.

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• Feb 6, 2018

Hello, Things that are made of two parts: concrete and abstract, how do you deal with them? Internet for example is made of two parts: the hardware (concrete) and the software, or processes (abstract). So is Internet a concrete or abstract noun? Do you go by "the custom" that you look at the Internet as a group of interconnected networks and each network is a group of interlinked computers, and the computer is just an object that you see? In other words, do we treat the Internet like a human? A human is a physical body ("hardware") and biological and mental processes ("software")? We consider the word human as a concrete noun regardless of the "software" part. Or, do you look at the computer as a system of hardware and software (processes) that makes communication (also, processes) take place? Without the software there is no system, no communication, no Internet, just mere objects. This classification is in the middle between just language as in what people percieve and terminology what experts think.  

entangledbank

Can you give us an example of a sentence where this makes a difference? All I can think of is potential plurality: there can be a second Internet replacing Internet 1.0, a dark Internet, and (with a slightly different word) companies can have their own intranets.  

Keith Bradford

To be honest, Antiscam, this is a philosophical question rather than a linguistic one. The distinction abstract noun/concrete noun never makes any difference in grammar, so far as I know. (Now, common noun/proper noun does make a difference: it determines the capital letter.)  

Keith Bradford said: To be honest, Antiscam, this is a philosophical question rather than a linguistic one. The distinction abstract noun/concrete noun never makes any difference in grammar, so far as I know. (Now, common noun/proper noun does make a difference: it determines the capital letter.) Click to expand...

entangledbank said: Can you give us an example of a sentence where this makes a difference? All I can think of is potential plurality: there can be a second Internet replacing Internet 1.0, a dark Internet, and (with a slightly different word) companies can have their own intranets. Click to expand...

Yes, Entangledbank, but doesn't that derive rather from the meaning of patience or sincerity ? They're both things that don't normally exist in the plural ( sincerity especially, by definition). Whereas two minds and multiple opinions are commonplace. Now, there was a period of English history when abstract nouns took capital letters (as all nouns still do in German). But that ended in the late 18th century. Thanke Goodnesse!  

What Is Abstract Noun? Definitions, Rules & Examples

Grammar is an essential aspect of language, and understanding its basic concepts is crucial to effective communication. Abstract nouns are one such concept that can be challenging to comprehend. These nouns represent ideas, feelings, and qualities, making them different from concrete nouns that are tangible objects.

In this article, we will provide a comprehensive guide to abstract nouns, including definitions, rules, and examples to help you grasp the concept.

Table of Contents

What is an Abstract Noun?

An abstract noun is a word that represents a quality, idea, or concept that cannot be physically touched or seen. Unlike concrete nouns that refer to tangible objects, abstract nouns refer to intangible concepts that exist only in the mind. Examples of abstract nouns include:

• Intelligence

Rules for Identifying Abstract Nouns

Here are some rules to help you identify abstract nouns:

• Abstract nouns are always singular.
• They cannot be perceived by the five senses.
• They are usually intangible.
• They can be formed from adjectives, verbs, and common nouns.
• They can be used as the subject of a sentence or the object of a verb.

Examples of Abstract Nouns

Let’s take a look at some examples of abstract nouns in sentences:

• Love is the most powerful emotion.
• Honesty is the best policy.
• Wisdom comes with age and experience.
• Courage is not the absence of fear but the triumph over it.
• Beauty lies in the eyes of the beholder.
• Justice must be served for the greater good.
• Loyalty is a rare and valuable trait.
• Freedom is a fundamental human right.
• Intelligence is the ability to learn and understand.
• Joy is a feeling of great happiness.

Types of Abstract Nouns

Abstract nouns can be divided into different types based on the category they belong to. Here are some of the most common types of abstract nouns:

• Emotions and Feelings : Love, joy, anger, fear, happiness, sadness, hope, etc.
• Concepts and Ideas : Freedom, democracy, justice, democracy, equality, morality, etc.
• Qualities and Characteristics : Honesty, kindness, bravery, intelligence, beauty, etc.
• States and Conditions : Peace, war, health, sickness, poverty, wealth, etc.

Commonly Confused Abstract Nouns

Some abstract nouns can be easily confused with other parts of speech, such as adjectives, verbs, or even concrete nouns. Here are some examples of commonly confused abstract nouns:

• Education vs. Educated: Education is an abstract noun that represents the process of learning, while educated is an adjective that describes someone who has acquired knowledge through education.
• Silence vs. Quiet: Silence is an abstract noun that represents the absence of sound, while quiet is an adjective that describes a low level of noise.
• Idea vs. Opinion: An idea is an abstract noun that represents a concept or thought, while an opinion is a noun that represents a personal belief or viewpoint.

How to Use Abstract Nouns in a Sentence

Using abstract nouns in a sentence can be tricky. Here are some tips to help you use them correctly:

• Use them as the subject of a sentence: Abstract nouns can be used as the subject of a sentence. For example, “Love is a beautiful thing,” where love is the abstract noun.
• Use them as the object of a verb: Abstract nouns can also be used as the object of a verb. For example, “He showed great courage in the face of danger,” where courage is the abstract noun.
• Use them in prepositional phrases: Abstract nouns can also be used in prepositional phrases. For example, “She has a great sense of humor,” where humor is the abstract noun.
• Use them in comparisons: Abstract nouns can be used in comparisons to describe the degree of an attribute. For example, “His intelligence is higher than hers,” where intelligence is the abstract noun.

Tips for Identifying Abstract Nouns

Identifying abstract nouns can be a bit challenging, but with these tips, you’ll be able to identify them with ease:

• Look for nouns that represent qualities, ideas, or concepts that cannot be touched or seen.
• Identify nouns that are intangible and cannot be perceived by the five senses.
• Pay attention to singular nouns, as abstract nouns are always singular.
• Identify nouns that can be formed from adjectives, verbs, or common nouns.
• Look for nouns that can be used as the subject of a sentence or the object of a verb.
• Q. What is the difference between abstract and concrete nouns? A. Concrete nouns refer to tangible objects, while abstract nouns refer to qualities, ideas, and concepts that are intangible.
• Q. Can abstract nouns be plural? A. No, abstract nouns are always singular.
• Q. What are some common examples of abstract nouns? A. Some common examples of abstract nouns include love, joy, courage, beauty, honesty, intelligence, freedom, justice, loyalty, and wisdom.
• Q. Can abstract nouns be used in plural form? A. No, abstract nouns cannot be used in plural form as they represent intangible concepts that cannot be quantified.

In conclusion, abstract nouns represent intangible concepts, ideas, and qualities that cannot be physically touched or seen. They are always singular and cannot be used in plural form. Abstract nouns can be formed from adjectives, verbs, or common nouns, and they can be used as the subject of a sentence or the object of a verb.

By understanding abstract nouns, you can improve your communication skills and use language more effectively. With the help of the tips, rules, and examples provided in this article, you’ll be able to identify and use abstract nouns with confidence.

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Abstract Nouns: A Guide to Writing with Clarity and Precision

By: Author ESLBUZZ

Posted on Last updated: August 18, 2023

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Welcome to our article on abstract nouns! If you’re learning English grammar, you’ve probably come across these elusive nouns that can be tough to define. Abstract nouns are words that represent intangible concepts, such as emotions, ideas, and qualities. Unlike concrete nouns, which refer to physical objects, abstract nouns are a bit more challenging to grasp.

In this article, we’ll explore what abstract nouns are, how to use them correctly, and why they’re an essential part of English grammar. We’ll provide plenty of examples to help you understand abstract nouns better and show you how to identify them in a sentence. Whether you’re a beginner or an advanced English learner, this article will provide you with the tools you need to master abstract nouns. So, let’s dive in!

Abstract Nouns

Understanding Abstract Nouns

If you’re learning English, you’ve probably come across the term “abstract noun.” Abstract nouns are a type of noun that refer to ideas, concepts, and emotions that cannot be touched or seen. They are the opposite of concrete nouns, which refer to physical objects that can be perceived with our senses.

To help you understand abstract nouns better, let’s take a look at some examples:

• Intelligence

As you can see, these words are not things that you can touch or see. They are concepts that we use to describe ideas and emotions.

One way to identify an abstract noun is to look for nouns that end in -ness, -ity, -tion, -ment, or -ance. For example:

• Communication
• Development

These endings are often used to form abstract nouns from other parts of speech, such as adjectives and verbs.

It’s important to note that abstract nouns can be difficult to define and understand because they are intangible. However, they are an essential part of the English language and are used frequently in both spoken and written communication.

Abstract Nouns vs. Concrete Nouns

Nouns are words that name people, places, things, or ideas. They can be classified into two broad categories: abstract nouns and concrete nouns.

Concrete nouns are physical things that can be seen, touched, heard, tasted, or smelled. Examples of concrete nouns include dog, ball, ice cream, and perfume.

Abstract nouns, on the other hand, are non-physical ideas or concepts that cannot be perceived through the senses. They are intangible and exist only in the mind. Examples of abstract nouns include love, freedom, happiness, and courage.

Usage Comparison

Concrete nouns are used to describe things that can be experienced through the senses. They are often used in descriptive writing to create vivid images in the reader’s mind.

Abstract nouns, on the other hand, are used to describe things that cannot be experienced through the senses. They are often used in persuasive writing to convey emotions, ideas, and concepts.

Here are some examples to help you understand the difference between concrete and abstract nouns:

Identifying Abstract Nouns

As we learned in the previous section, abstract nouns refer to intangible concepts, ideas, and qualities that cannot be touched or seen. Identifying abstract nouns can be challenging, especially for non-native English speakers. However, with a little practice, you can easily distinguish abstract nouns from concrete nouns.

Here are some tips to help you identify abstract nouns:

• Look for words that represent emotions, feelings, or states of mind, such as love, happiness, sadness, anger, fear, and courage.
• Identify words that describe qualities or characteristics, such as beauty, honesty, intelligence, and kindness.
• Notice words that represent concepts, ideas, or theories, such as democracy , freedom, justice, and equality.
• Pay attention to words that represent actions or processes, such as communication, cooperation, and development.

Usage of Abstract Nouns in Sentences

Expressing Emotions

Abstract nouns are commonly used to express emotions. They can describe feelings like happiness, sadness, anger, or love. Using abstract nouns to describe emotions can add depth and nuance to your writing, and it can help you convey your thoughts and feelings more effectively.

For example:

• I felt a surge of joy when I saw my dog after a long day at work.
• Her eyes were filled with sadness when she heard the news.
• His anger boiled over when he realized he had been betrayed.

Describing Concepts

Abstract nouns are also used to describe concepts and ideas. They can represent things like justice, freedom, democracy, or equality. Using abstract nouns to describe concepts can help you convey complex ideas in a concise and straightforward manner.

• The concept of democracy is based on the idea of equal representation.
• Justice is a fundamental principle in any civilized society.
• The pursuit of happiness is a universal human desire.

Representing Ideas

Abstract nouns are essential in representing ideas. They can represent things like knowledge, wisdom, creativity, or innovation. Using abstract nouns to represent ideas can help you convey your thoughts and ideas more effectively.

• Knowledge is the key to success in any field.
• Wisdom comes with experience and reflection.
• Creativity is the ability to think outside the box and come up with new ideas.

Common Mistakes with Abstract Nouns

Abstract nouns can be tricky to use correctly, and many writers make common mistakes when using them. Here are a few of the most common mistakes and how to avoid them:

Mistake #1: Confusing Abstract Nouns with Concrete Nouns

One of the most common mistakes when using abstract nouns is confusing them with concrete nouns. Concrete nouns refer to physical objects that can be seen, touched, heard, smelled, or tasted. Abstract nouns, on the other hand, refer to ideas, concepts, emotions, and qualities that cannot be perceived by the senses.

For example, “love” is an abstract noun, while “book” is a concrete noun. Confusing these two types of nouns can lead to awkward or confusing sentences. To avoid this mistake, make sure you understand the difference between abstract and concrete nouns and use them correctly in your writing.

Mistake #2: Overusing Abstract Nouns

Another common mistake is overusing abstract nouns in your writing. While abstract nouns can add depth and complexity to your writing, using too many of them can make your writing sound vague and abstract.

For example, instead of writing “the beauty of nature,” try writing “the colorful leaves rustling in the autumn breeze.” This sentence still conveys the idea of beauty, but it also includes concrete details that make the writing more vivid and engaging.

Mistake #4: Using Abstract Nouns without Context

Using abstract nouns without providing context can also be a mistake. Abstract nouns can be difficult to understand without a frame of reference. For example, instead of writing “the importance of education,” write “the importance of education in shaping a person’s future.”

Providing context helps readers understand the abstract noun and its significance. Without context, abstract nouns can seem vague and meaningless.

Tips to Master Abstract Nouns

Abstract nouns can be tricky to master, but with a few tips, you can improve your understanding and use of them in your writing. Here are some tips to help you master abstract nouns:

Tip 1: Identify Abstract Nouns

The first step to mastering abstract nouns is to identify them. Abstract nouns refer to intangible ideas, feelings, qualities, or concepts that you cannot see, touch, or smell. Some examples of abstract nouns include love, beauty, freedom, and happiness. To identify abstract nouns in a sentence, look for words that describe things that cannot be perceived by the five senses.

Tip 2: Use Concrete Examples

One way to master abstract nouns is to use concrete examples to illustrate them. For example, instead of just saying “happiness,” you could say “the happiness I felt when I saw my family after a long time.” Using concrete examples helps to clarify the meaning of abstract nouns and makes your writing more engaging.

Tip 3: Use the Right Articles

Another tip for mastering abstract nouns is to use the right articles. Abstract nouns are usually uncountable, so they are often preceded by the articles “a,” “an,” or “the.”

Tip 4: Use the Right Adjectives

When using abstract nouns, it’s important to use the right adjectives to describe them. Adjectives like “strong,” “positive,” and “negative” can be used to describe abstract nouns like “willpower,” “attitude,” and “emotion.” Using the right adjectives helps to convey the meaning of abstract nouns more clearly.

Tip 5: Practice, Practice, Practice

Finally, the best way to master abstract nouns is to practice using them in your writing. Try to use abstract nouns in your sentences and paragraphs, and ask for feedback from others to see if your meaning is clear. The more you practice, the more confident you will become in using abstract nouns correctly.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are some examples of abstract nouns?

Some examples of abstract nouns include love, happiness, justice, freedom, and courage. These nouns refer to concepts or ideas that cannot be seen or touched but are still important in our lives.

How do abstract nouns differ from concrete nouns?

Abstract nouns refer to intangible concepts or ideas, while concrete nouns refer to things that can be seen, touched, or experienced through the senses. For example, while love is an abstract noun, a tree is a concrete noun.

Can you provide some sentences with abstract nouns?

Sure! Here are some examples:

• The beauty of the sunset took my breath away.
• His kindness towards others is admirable.
• The freedom to express ourselves is a basic human right.
• The sadness in her eyes was palpable.

What is the importance of using abstract nouns in writing?

Abstract nouns can add depth and complexity to your writing by allowing you to explore complex ideas and emotions. They can also help you create a more vivid and sensory experience for your readers.

How can children learn about abstract nouns?

One way to teach children about abstract nouns is to encourage them to think about concepts or ideas that cannot be seen or touched. You can also provide them with examples of abstract nouns and ask them to identify the noun in a sentence.

What are some common abstract noun phrases?

Some common abstract noun phrases include:

• A sense of purpose
• A feeling of joy
• A state of confusion
• An attitude of gratitude
• A moment of reflection

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By using abstract noun phrases, you can convey complex ideas and emotions in a concise and powerful way.

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• Abstract Noun | Definition, Examples & Worksheet

Abstract Noun | Definition, Examples & Worksheet

Published on 25 February 2023 by Jack Caulfield . Revised on 18 April 2023.

An abstract noun is a noun that refers to something non-physical – something conceptual that you can’t perceive directly with your senses. Examples include ‘sadness’, ‘analysis’, ‘government’, and ‘adulthood’.

Abstract nouns are contrasted with concrete nouns , which are words like ‘cat’, ‘desk’, or ‘Andrew’ that refer to physical objects and entities.

The passage of time isn’t easy to perceive.

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Table of contents

Abstract nouns vs concrete nouns, abstract noun examples, formation of abstract nouns, worksheet: concrete vs abstract nouns, other interesting language articles, frequently asked questions.

Abstract nouns differ from concrete nouns in terms of what they describe:

• Abstract nouns refer to anything that isn’t directly observable. That could mean personal qualities, measurements of time, cultural movements, or concepts.
• Concrete nouns refer to what can be perceived with the senses: things, people, animals, and places.

The same word could often be interpreted as abstract or concrete depending on your perspective and on the context in which it is used. The distinction is often very subjective.

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Abstract nouns represent a wide variety of things – anything that isn’t represented by a concrete noun, in fact. The table below explores a few different categories of things that abstract nouns can refer to.

A lot (though not all) of the examples given in the previous section followed a few specific patterns in terms of the suffixes they ended with (e.g., ‘-ness’, ‘-ism’).

This is because abstract nouns are formed from adjectives , verbs , and other nouns in a number of standard ways. Common ways of forming abstract nouns are shown in the table below.

Want to test your understanding of the difference between concrete and abstract nouns? Try the worksheet below. Just decide whether each highlighted noun is concrete or abstract .

• Practice questions
• Answers and explanations
• The dog seemed to enjoy its dinner .
• The price of adhering to one’s principles can be high.
• The name of my cat is Whiskers .
• The foundations of the house have begun to sink due to a lack of maintenance .
• My neighbour John has some questionable ideas about politics .
• Both ‘dog’ and ‘dinner’ are concrete nouns , since they represent physical entities in the world.
• ‘Price’ and ‘ principles ‘ are both abstract nouns because you can’t touch or see a principle or a price (although you might see something representing a price, so a noun like ‘price tag’ would be considered concrete).
• The concept of a name is abstract. ‘Cat’ is a concrete noun because a cat is a physical being. ‘Whiskers’ is concrete whether you take it to mean the speaker’s cat or simply the word ‘Whiskers’ in its use as a name – both of these can be perceived with the senses.
• ‘Foundations’ and ‘house’ both represent specific physical things and are therefore concrete nouns. ‘Lack’ and ‘maintenance’ are both more conceptual and are therefore abstract.
• Both the common noun ‘neighbour’ and the proper noun ‘John’ (here used as an appositive ) are concrete nouns, since they refer to people. ‘Ideas’ and ‘politics’ are both abstract because they refer to concepts rather than physical things.

If you want to know more about commonly confused words, definitions, common mistakes, and differences between US and UK spellings, make sure to check out some of our other language articles with explanations, examples, and quizzes.

Nouns & pronouns

• Common nouns
• Proper nouns
• Collective nouns
• Personal pronouns
• Uncountable and countable nouns
• Verb tenses
• Phrasal verbs
• Sentence structure
• Active vs passive voice
• Subject-verb agreement
• Interjections
• Determiners
• Prepositions

There are many ways to categorize nouns into various types, and the same noun can fall into multiple categories or even change types depending on context.

Some of the main types of nouns are:

• Common nouns and proper nouns
• Countable and uncountable nouns
• Concrete and abstract nouns
• Possessive nouns
• Attributive nouns
• Appositive nouns
• Generic nouns

An abstract noun is a noun describing something that can’t be directly perceived with the senses .

Abstract nouns may refer to general or philosophical concepts (e.g., “art,” “democracy,” “evidence”), emotions and personal qualities (e.g., “happiness,” “impatience”), time measurements (e.g., “hours,” “January”), or states of being (e.g., “solidity,” “instability”).

Abstract nouns are the opposite of concrete nouns , which refer to physical things that can be perceived with the senses: objects, substances, places, people and animals, and so on. For example, “window,” “Dorian,” and “sand.”

A concrete noun is a noun describing a physical entity that can be perceived with the senses . Concrete nouns may refer to things (e.g., “phone,” “hat”), places (e.g., “France,” “the post office”), or people and animals (e.g., “dog,” “doctor,” “Jamal”).

Concrete nouns are contrasted with abstract nouns , which refer to things that can’t be directly perceived—ideas, theories, concepts, and so on. Examples include “happiness,” “condemnation,” “ethics,” and “time.”

Sources for this article

We strongly encourage students to use sources in their work. You can cite our article (APA Style) or take a deep dive into the articles below.

Caulfield, J. (2023, April 18). Abstract Noun | Definition, Examples & Worksheet. Scribbr. Retrieved 14 May 2024, from https://www.scribbr.co.uk/nouns/abstract-nouns/

Aarts, B. (2011). Oxford modern English grammar . Oxford University Press.

Butterfield, J. (Ed.). (2015). Fowler’s dictionary of modern English usage (4th ed.). Oxford University Press.

Garner, B. A. (2016). Garner’s modern English usage (4th ed.). Oxford University Press.

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Jack Caulfield

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Abstract Noun — Definition and Examples

What is an abstract noun?

An abstract noun names an intangible concept or a quality that cannot be recognized or experienced using the five senses (sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch). Abstract nouns tend to fall under one of the categories of feelings or emotions, states, ideas or concepts, events, and qualities.

Abstract nouns are one of several different types of nouns in the English language, and they can be countable or uncountable nouns .

Many common abstract nouns are made by adding a suffix like  -ity ,  -tion , or  -ment  to different types of nouns. For example, adding the suffix  -hood  to the concrete noun “child” creates the abstract concept of “childhood.”

Abstract noun examples

The following sentences incorporate examples of abstract nouns.

Feelings/emotions:

A parent's love for their children lasts forever.

Keith stopped letting his anger get the best of him.

Despite their performance, the team had hope that they'd win the next game.

Both countries signed the treaty, ensuring peace well into the future.

Her optimism was a breath of fresh air.

Maria loved the freedom she received from moving into her own apartment.

Ideas/concepts:

Many philosophers believe wisdom is more important than knowledge .

Much thought went into the design of the new building.

Pam believed her success was due to both luck and skill .

The family will celebrate Eric's birthday this weekend.

No one knows what the future might hold.

Many people believe childhood is less stressful than adulthood .

My brother consistently tests my patience .

The archeologist's curiosity led her to a new discovery.

Because of the group's generosity, Goodwill was able to help dozens of families.

Abstract vs. concrete nouns

Concrete nouns are people, places, and physical objects that can be experienced and understood through one of the five senses, whereas abstract nouns cannot. If it can be seen, smelled, tasted, heard, or touched, then it is a concrete noun.

Concrete nouns include the following:

Common nouns: woman, school, paper

Proper nouns: Abraham Lincoln, San Francisco, Microsoft

Collective nouns: family, group, team

Abstract Nouns: List of 165 Important Abstract Nouns from A to Z

By: Author English Study Online

Posted on Last updated: November 3, 2023

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If you’re learning English, you’ve probably come across these tricky little words before. In this article, we’ll be exploring what abstract nouns are, how to use them, and why they’re important in the English language. We’ll be providing examples of abstract nouns and explaining how they differ from concrete nouns. We’ll also be discussing how to recognize abstract nouns in a sentence and how to use them correctly in your writing.

Table of Contents

Abstract Noun Definition

Abstract nouns are intangible concepts or ideas that cannot be experienced with the five senses. They represent things like emotions , ideas, qualities , and states of being . Unlike concrete nouns that refer to physical objects or things that can be perceived by the senses, abstract nouns cannot be seen, touched, heard, smelled, or tasted.

Examples of abstract nouns include love, peace, hope, freedom, happiness, courage, and honesty . These nouns represent concepts that cannot be measured or quantified, but they are essential to human experience and communication. For example, we use abstract nouns like love to express a deep emotional connection to someone or something.

One way to identify abstract nouns is to think about whether you can see, touch, hear, smell, or taste the thing being described. If you cannot, it is likely an abstract noun. For example, the word “ beauty” is an abstract noun because it is a concept that cannot be seen or touched.

It is important to note that abstract nouns can be difficult to define precisely because they represent intangible concepts. However, they are essential to effective communication and can add depth and nuance to our language. By understanding abstract nouns, we can better express ourselves and connect with others on a deeper level.

Abstract Nouns List

Types of Abstract Nouns

As we mentioned earlier, abstract nouns are intangible ideas that cannot be perceived with the five senses. In this section, we will explore some of the different types of abstract nouns.

Emotions are one of the most common types of abstract nouns. They refer to feelings that we experience, such as love, anger, sadness, and happiness . These emotions cannot be seen or touched, but they can be felt and expressed through language and behavior.

Ideas are another type of abstract noun. They refer to concepts and thoughts that exist in our minds, such as freedom, democracy, justice, and equality . These ideas are not physical objects, but they can have a powerful impact on our lives and society.

Qualities are abstract nouns that describe characteristics or attributes of people, things, or ideas. Examples of qualities include honesty, bravery, intelligence, and creativity. These qualities cannot be seen or touched, but they can be demonstrated through actions and behaviors.

Experiences

Experiences are abstract nouns that refer to events or situations that we encounter in our lives. Examples of experiences include success, failure, adventure, and tragedy . These experiences cannot be physically touched or seen, but they can have a profound impact on our lives and shape who we are as individuals.

Abstract Nouns vs. Concrete Nouns

In English, nouns can be divided into two main categories: abstract nouns and concrete nouns . Abstract nouns are used to describe ideas, concepts, and feelings that cannot be perceived through the senses. Concrete nouns, on the other hand, are used to describe physical objects that can be seen, touched, heard, smelled, or tasted.

• For example, the word “ love ” is an abstract noun because it describes a feeling or emotion that cannot be seen or touched.
• In contrast, the word “ table ” is a concrete noun because it describes a physical object that can be seen and touched.

It is important to understand the difference between abstract and concrete nouns because they are used differently in sentences. Concrete nouns are often used as the subject or object of a sentence, while abstract nouns are often used to describe a quality or attribute of a concrete noun.

• For example, in the sentence “ The dog chased the ball ,” “dog” and “ball” are both concrete nouns because they describe physical objects.

In the sentence “The dog showed loyalty to its owner,” “loyalty” is an abstract noun because it describes a quality of the dog’s behavior.

Here are some more examples of abstract and concrete nouns:

List of Common Abstract Nouns

Usage of abstract nouns.

Abstract nouns play a crucial role in both writing and speech. In this section, we will explore the different ways in which abstract nouns can be used effectively.

Abstract nouns are often used in writing to convey emotions and ideas that cannot be easily expressed through concrete nouns. Here are some ways in which abstract nouns can be used effectively in writing:

• Describing emotions: Abstract nouns such as “love,” “happiness,” and “sadness” can be used to describe emotions in a way that is more impactful than using concrete nouns. For example, instead of saying “She felt a warm feeling in her heart,” we can say “She felt a deep sense of love.”
• Explaining concepts: Abstract nouns can be used to explain complex concepts in a concise and clear manner. For example, instead of saying “The process of photosynthesis involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy,” we can say “Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy.”
• Creating imagery: Abstract nouns can be used to create vivid imagery in writing. For example, instead of saying “The sunset was beautiful,” we can say “The sky was painted with hues of orange, pink, and purple, creating a breathtaking display of beauty.”

Abstract nouns are also commonly used in speech to convey ideas and emotions. Here are some ways in which abstract nouns can be used effectively in speech:

• Expressing feelings: Abstract nouns can be used to express feelings and emotions in a way that is more impactful than using concrete nouns. For example, instead of saying “I am happy,” we can say “I am filled with a sense of happiness.”
• Discussing ideas: Abstract nouns can be used to discuss complex ideas and concepts in a clear and concise manner. For example, instead of saying “The economy is experiencing a period of growth,” we can say “There is a sense of prosperity in the economy.”
• Creating connections: Abstract nouns can be used to create connections between different ideas and concepts. For example, instead of saying “These two ideas are related,” we can say “There is a strong connection between these two concepts.”

Abstract Nouns List | Infographic

Practice Exercises

Practice exercises are a great way to reinforce your understanding of abstract nouns. In this section, we’ll cover two types of exercises: identifying exercises and usage exercises.

Identifying Exercises

In identifying exercises, you’ll be asked to identify the abstract noun in a sentence. Here are a few examples:

• The beauty of nature is awe-inspiring.
• Her kindness towards others is admirable.
• The concept of time is difficult to grasp.

In each of these sentences, the abstract noun is underlined. Can you identify them? The answers are:

Usage Exercises

Usage exercises are a bit more challenging. In these exercises, you’ll be asked to use abstract nouns in your own sentences. Here are a few examples:

• Write a sentence using the abstract noun “love”.
• Write a sentence using the abstract noun “happiness”.
• Write a sentence using the abstract noun “freedom”.

Here are some possible answers:

• Our love for each other grows stronger every day.
• Her happiness was contagious and spread to everyone around her.
• Freedom is a fundamental right that should be protected at all costs.

Practice exercises are a great way to improve your understanding of abstract nouns. Make sure to keep practicing until you feel confident in your ability to identify and use abstract nouns correctly.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are some common examples of abstract nouns in English?

There are many examples of abstract nouns in English, including love, courage, intelligence, creativity, communication, development, importance, and many more. Abstract nouns are words that describe intangible concepts or ideas that cannot be seen, touched, or heard.

How can abstract nouns be formed?

Abstract nouns can be formed in several ways. One common way is to add a suffix to a verb, such as -tion, -ment, -ness, -ity, or -ance. For example, the verb “create” can be turned into the abstract noun “creativity” by adding the suffix -ity. Another way to form abstract nouns is by converting adjectives into abstract nouns, such as “beauty” from “beautiful” or “happiness” from “happy”.

Is the word ’emotion’ considered an abstract noun?

Yes, the word ’emotion’ is considered an abstract noun. Emotion is an intangible concept that cannot be seen or touched. It is a feeling or state of mind that is often associated with specific physical sensations , but is not itself a physical object. Other examples of abstract nouns that are related to emotions include love, happiness, sadness, and anger.

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• Abstract Nouns

Abstract Nouns - Definition, Examples and Usage

Abstract nouns are naming words that you cannot see, smell, touch or perceive by any of your five senses. Learn more about abstract nouns, definitions, examples and usage of abstract nouns in this article.

Table of Contents

Definition of an abstract noun, converting verbs and adjectives into abstract nouns, test your knowledge on abstract nouns, frequently asked questions on abstract nouns, what is an abstract noun.

An abstract noun is used to refer to concepts, ideas, experiences, traits, feelings or entities that cannot be seen, heard, tasted, smelt or touched. Abstract nouns are not concrete or tangible. There are a lot of abstract nouns (virtues) used in proverbs.

An abstract noun is defined as ‘a noun , for example, beauty or freedom , that refers to an idea or a general quality, not to a physical object’, according to the Oxford Learners Dictionary. According to Collins Dictionary, ‘an abstract noun refers to a quality or idea rather than to a physical object.’

Examples of Abstract Nouns

Check out the following examples of abstract nouns.

A verb or an adjective can be converted into an abstract noun by the addition of a suffix and vice versa. Have a look at the examples given below.

Converting Verbs to Abstract Nouns

• Move – movement
• Reflect – reflection
• Perceive – perception
• Conscious – Consciousness
• Appear – Appearance
• Resist – Resistance
• Appoint – appointment
• Enjoy – enjoyment
• Assign – assignment
• Inform – information
• Decide – decision
• Describe – description
• Determine – determination
• Block – blockade

Converting Adjectives to Abstract Nouns

• Brave – bravery
• Truth – truthful
• Honest – honesty
• Weak – weakness
• Happy – happiness
• Sad – sadness
• Mad – madness
• Responsible – responsibility
• Possible – possibility
• Probable – probability
• Able – ability
• Independent – independence
• Free – freedom
• Silent – silence

Some words can function both as a noun and a verb without any change in spelling. Here are some examples for you.

• Love as a verb – I love the way she works with it.

Love as a noun – Love is one of the qualities everyone should possess

• Divorce as a verb – Harry cannot divorce his wife.

Divorce as a noun – Are you getting a divorce?

• Aim as a verb – You have to aim for the highest grades.

Aim as a noun – What is your aim?

• Battle as a verb – Teena had to battle hard to stay in shape.

Battle as a noun – Do you know who won the battle?

• Play as a verb – The children are playing outdoor games.

Play as a noun – The Shakespearean play was performed by young artists.

Let us now check how much you have learned about abstract nouns. Identify the abstract nouns in the following sentences.

• Honesty is the best policy.
• There is no possibility for you to reach home by six in the evening.
• This place has a really pleasant ambience.
• Pride goes before a fall.
• Brevity is the soul of wit.
• That man is testing my patience.
• Have you read about the theory of evolution?
• Truthfulness is always appreciated.
• Friendship is priceless.
• What do you think about his idea?

Let us find out if you have understood correctly. Check your answers here.

• Honesty is the best policy .
• This place has a really pleasant ambience .
• Brevity is the soul of wit .
• That man is testing my patience .
• Have you read about the theory of evolution ?
• What do you think about his idea ?

What is an abstract noun?

An abstract noun is used to refer to concepts, ideas, experiences, traits, feelings or entities that cannot be seen, heard, tasted, smelt or touched. Abstract nouns are not concrete or tangible.

Give some examples of abstract nouns.

Love, concept, experience, courage, judgement, probability, freedom and soul are some examples of abstract nouns.

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Internet Use and Loneliness among Urban and Non-Urban Chinese Older Adults: The Roles of Family Support, Friend Support, and Social Participation

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Kunyu Zhang, Jeffrey A Burr, Jan E Mutchler, Jiehua Lu, Internet Use and Loneliness among Urban and Non-Urban Chinese Older Adults: The Roles of Family Support, Friend Support, and Social Participation, The Journals of Gerontology: Series B , 2024;, gbae081, https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbae081

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This study investigated the association between Internet use and loneliness among older Chinese adults, and the mediating effects of family support, friend support, and social participation. These associations were evaluated in the context of urban and non-urban geographic settings.

This study used data from the 2018 wave of the China Longitudinal Ageing Social Survey ( N =10,126), examining samples of urban ( n =3,917) and non-urban ( n =6,209) older adults separately. Linear regression and path analysis within a structural equation modeling framework were employed.

Internet use was negatively associated with loneliness for both urban and non-urban residing older adults. Family support and social participation mediated the association between Internet use and loneliness for both urban and non-urban residing older Chinese adults, but friend support mediated this association only for urban older residents.

This study shed light on our understanding about the relationship between Internet use and loneliness among older adults in the Chinese context. Also, these findings suggested that digital interventions for loneliness should pay special attention to the different characteristics of urban and non-urban dwelling older Chinese adults.

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