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Writing your dissertation - structure and sections

Posted in: dissertations

In this post, we look at the structural elements of a typical dissertation. Your department may wish you to include additional sections but the following covers all core elements you will need to work on when designing and developing your final assignment.

The table below illustrates a classic dissertation layout with approximate lengths for each section.

Hopkins, D. and Reid, T., 2018.  The Academic Skills Handbook: Your Guid e to Success in Writing, Thinking and Communicating at University . Sage.

Your title should be clear, succinct and tell the reader exactly what your dissertation is about. If it is too vague or confusing, then it is likely your dissertation will be too vague and confusing. It is important therefore to spend time on this to ensure you get it right, and be ready to adapt to fit any changes of direction in your research or focus.

In the following examples, across a variety of subjects, you can see how the students have clearly identified the focus of their dissertation, and in some cases target a problem that they will address:

An econometric analysis of the demand for road transport within the united Kingdom from  1965 to 2000

To what extent does payment card fraud affect UK bank profitability and bank stakeholders?  Does this justify fraud prevention?

A meta-analysis of implant materials for intervertebral disc replacement and regeneration.

The role of ethnic institutions in social development; the case of Mombasa, Kenya.

Why haven’t biomass crops been adopted more widely as a source of renewable energy in the United Kingdom?

Mapping the criminal mind: Profiling and its limitation.

The Relative Effectiveness of Interferon Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis C

Under what conditions did the European Union exhibit leadership in international climate change negotiations from 1992-1997, 1997-2005 and 2005-Copenhagen respectively?

The first thing your reader will read (after the title) is your abstract. However, you need to write this last. Your abstract is a summary of the whole project, and will include aims and objectives, methods, results and conclusions. You cannot write this until you have completed your write-up.

Introduction

Your introduction should include the same elements found in most academic essay or report assignments, with the possible inclusion of research questions. The aim of the introduction is to set the scene, contextualise your research, introduce your focus topic and research questions, and tell the reader what you will be covering.  It should move from the general  and work towards the specific. You should include the following:

• Attention-grabbing statement (a controversy, a topical issue, a contentious view, a recent problem etc)
• Background and context
• Introduce the topic, key theories, concepts, terms of reference, practices, (advocates and critic)
• Introduce the problem and focus of your research
• Set out your research question(s) (this could be set out in a separate section)
• Your approach to answering your research questions.

Literature review

Your literature review is the section of your report where you show what is already known about the area under investigation and demonstrate the need for your particular study. This is a significant section in your dissertation (30%) and you should allow plenty of time to carry out a thorough exploration of your focus topic and use it to help you identify a specific problem and formulate your research questions.

You should approach the literature review with the critical analysis dial turned up to full volume. This is not simply a description, list, or summary  of everything you have read. Instead, it is a synthesis of your reading, and should include analysis and evaluation of readings, evidence, studies and data, cases, real world applications and views/opinions expressed.  Your supervisor is looking for this detailed critical approach in your literature review, where you unpack sources, identify strengths and weaknesses and find gaps in the research.

In other words, your literature review is your opportunity to show the reader why your paper is important and your research is significant, as it addresses the gap or on-going issue you have uncovered.

You need to tell the reader what was done. This means describing the research methods and explaining your choice. This will include information on the following:

• Are your methods qualitative or quantitative... or both? And if so, why?
• Who (if any) are the participants?
• Are you analysing any documents, systems, organisations? If so what are they and why are you analysing them?
• What did you do first, second, etc?
• What ethical considerations are there?

It is a common style convention to write what was done rather than what you did, and write it so that someone else would be able to replicate your study.

Here you describe what you have found out. You need to identify the most significant patterns in your data, and use tables and figures to support your description. Your tables and figures are a visual representation of your findings, but remember to describe what they show in your writing. There should be no critical analysis in this part (unless you have combined results and discussion sections).

Here you show the significance of your results or findings. You critically analyse what they mean, and what the implications may be. Talk about any limitations to your study, evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of your own research, and make suggestions for further studies to build on your findings. In this section, your supervisor will expect you to dig deep into your findings and critically evaluate what they mean in relation to previous studies, theories, views and opinions.

This is a summary of your project, reminding the reader of the background to your study, your objectives, and showing how you met them. Do not include any new information that you have not discussed before.

This is the list of all the sources you have cited in your dissertation. Ensure you are consistent and follow the conventions for the particular referencing system you are using. (Note: you shouldn't include books you've read but do not appear in your dissertation).

Include any extra information that your reader may like to read. It should not be essential for your reader to read them in order to understand your dissertation. Your appendices should be labelled (e.g. Appendix A, Appendix B, etc). Examples of material for the appendices include detailed data tables (summarised in your results section), the complete version of a document you have used an extract from, etc.

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What’s Included: The Dissertation Template

If you’re preparing to write your dissertation, thesis or research project, our free dissertation template is the perfect starting point. In the template, we cover every section step by step, with clear, straightforward explanations and examples .

The template’s structure is based on the tried and trusted best-practice format for formal academic research projects such as dissertations and theses. The template structure reflects the overall research process, ensuring your dissertation or thesis will have a smooth, logical flow from chapter to chapter.

The dissertation template covers the following core sections:

• The title page/cover page
• Abstract (sometimes also called the executive summary)
• Table of contents
• List of figures /list of tables
• Chapter 1: Introduction  (also available: in-depth introduction template )
• Chapter 2: Literature review  (also available: in-depth LR template )
• Chapter 3: Methodology (also available: in-depth methodology template )
• Chapter 4: Research findings /results (also available: results template )
• Chapter 5: Discussion /analysis of findings (also available: discussion template )
• Chapter 6: Conclusion (also available: in-depth conclusion template )
• Reference list

Each section is explained in plain, straightforward language , followed by an overview of the key elements that you need to cover within each section. We’ve also included practical examples to help you understand exactly what’s required in each section.

The cleanly-formatted Google Doc can be downloaded as a fully editable MS Word Document (DOCX format), so you can use it as-is or convert it to LaTeX.

FAQs: Dissertation Template

What format is the template (doc, pdf, ppt, etc.).

The dissertation template is provided as a Google Doc. You can download it in MS Word format or make a copy to your Google Drive. You’re also welcome to convert it to whatever format works best for you, such as LaTeX or PDF.

What types of dissertations/theses can this template be used for?

The template follows the standard best-practice structure for formal academic research projects such as dissertations or theses, so it is suitable for the vast majority of degrees, particularly those within the sciences.

Some universities may have some additional requirements, but these are typically minor, with the core structure remaining the same. Therefore, it’s always a good idea to double-check your university’s requirements before you finalise your structure.

Will this work for a research paper?

A research paper follows a similar format, but there are a few differences. You can find our research paper template here .

Is this template for an undergrad, Masters or PhD-level thesis?

This template can be used for a dissertation, thesis or research project at any level of study. It may be slight overkill for an undergraduate-level study, but it certainly won’t be missing anything.

How long should my dissertation/thesis be?

This depends entirely on your university’s specific requirements, so it’s best to check with them. As a general ballpark, Masters-level projects are usually 15,000 – 20,000 words in length, while Doctoral-level projects are often in excess of 60,000 words.

What about the research proposal?

If you’re still working on your research proposal, we’ve got a template for that here .

We’ve also got loads of proposal-related guides and videos over on the Grad Coach blog .

How do I write a literature review?

We have a wealth of free resources on the Grad Coach Blog that unpack how to write a literature review from scratch. You can check out the literature review section of the blog here.

How do I create a research methodology?

We have a wealth of free resources on the Grad Coach Blog that unpack research methodology, both qualitative and quantitative. You can check out the methodology section of the blog here.

Can I share this dissertation template with my friends/colleagues?

Yes, you’re welcome to share this template. If you want to post about it on your blog or social media, all we ask is that you reference this page as your source.

Can Grad Coach help me with my dissertation/thesis?

Within the template, you’ll find plain-language explanations of each section, which should give you a fair amount of guidance. However, you’re also welcome to consider our dissertation and thesis coaching services .

Theses: Templates

• Finding theses @ Soton
• Deposit - Faculty Office
• Deposit - PGR Manager & Pure
• Thesis Data Deposit
• Restricting Access
• Info. for Faculty Admin
• Info. for Supervisors

Useful Links

Library Research Services  home page

Guidance from Quality Handbook :

• Producing your thesis
• Submitting your thesis
• Permission to Deposit Thesis Form
• Permission to Deposit Thesis - Guidance
• Declaration of authorship form
• Submission of a Research Paper PhD Thesis: Guidance
• Intention to submit research thesis form

There are also examples of the thesis title and abstract pages in submission and completion section of the Quality Handbook . 

Data Management Plan for your PhD

Data Management Plans for Doctoral Students (Blackboard Course)

Data Management Plan guidance

For open access and institutional repository enquiries [email protected]

For research data management queries please email [email protected]

Need further help? Use our L ibrary Research Skills support service   

Thesis Templates

The University provides templates in Word and LateX which meet the requirements set out in the Regulations.  

Training : iSolutions also offer sessions on using Word to work with text, graphics and page layout in your thesis and turning your thesis into a PDF/A. The full course schedule and booking links can be found in the PGR Development Hub

Word or LaTeX?

LaTeX is extensively used by engineers and scientists because it handles maths and equations brilliantly, and by linguists because it can cope with multiple (and obscure) languages.  The University now offers Professional Accounts via Overleaf. Sign up for an account via the University of Southampton portal .

Word is the most widely used word processing software in the university. Unless you will be including lots of special character sets or equations, we would recommend using Word.

Whole thesis template

Use this to produce the whole thesis in one long Word document. It contains all of the required sections from title page to bibliography, with refreshable Tables of Contents, Table of Figures and Table of Tables.

• Word template help
• Always  use in conjunction with the Quality Handbook Producing your thesis guidance

Separate Chapter, Front Matter & End Matter templates for Word & Mac

If you don’t wish use the whole document template then use these to create each chapter of the thesis and the front matter. It comes ready made with usable styles that meet the University’s thesis Guidance requirements

• Chapter template for Word 2007 /2010 /2013 /2016 (PC) or 2008 /2011 /2016 (Mac)
• Front matter template for Word 2007 /2010 /2013 /2016 (PC) or 2008 /2011 /2016 (Mac)
• End Matter for Word 2007 /2010 /2013 /2016 (PC) or 2008 /2011 /2016 (Mac)

Copyright Statement coversheet

All e-theses require the University thesis copyright statement  is included in front of the main title page in the final e-version submitted.  The wording of the statement should not be altered in any way. 

The Word template (PC or Mac) above has the statement included but earlier versions did not. Should the statement be missing from your file it should be:

• added before creating the final pdf version 
• located in front of the main title page using the document below 
• should not be included in the numbering of the thesis.

LaTeX templates currently do not include instruction on how to add the statement so it will need it to be added individually as a single double-sided page. Alternatively, add the pdf version into your final pdf file using Adobe Acrobat Pro.

The statement is not required in the print copies submitted for examination or as a final copy.

• Thesis Copyright Statement Thesis copyright statement cover sheet
• Thesis Copyright Statement PDF version of the thesis copyright statement to be included in every thesis

The following guides outline how this can be done in Word documents. 

• Adding copyright statement in Word (PC) Guide to adding the statement in Word on a PC
• Adding copyright statement in Word (Mac) Guide to adding the statement in Word on a Mac

Visual guides are also available on YouTube:

Using UoS Thesis Templates

iSolutions have created a training guide to introduce the Word template for theses and show you how to use a range of useful Word features to make creating and working with your thesis easier. These also direct you to relevant LinkedIn Learning.com videos on the use of features in Word.

• Thesis guidance 

iSolutions also offer sessions on using Word to work with text, graphics and page layout in your thesis. The full course schedule and booking links can be found in the PGR Development Hub

LaTeX Templates

Support for the use of LaTeX can be found on the Overleaf website . LaTeX is  also supported by a wide online community - see LaTeX Project .

How to make sure your thesis is an archival PDF/A

Your final University e-thesis must submitted in an accessible and archival format so that it will be readible in years to come, currently this format is PDF/A-3 .

• Mac users If you are using Word for Mac then start by using the Save As PDF facility. This produces a really good baseline file to continue working on in Adobe Acrobat Pro DC. If for any reason you are not happy with the output as this process, then try converting the file by using Adobe Acrobat Pro's own 'Create a PDF from'. If you are still not happy with the result then contact serviceline to discuss other options.
• PC users For PC users the Adobe Acrobat Pro DC facility will produce the best output. You'll find the steps below under the heading  Create the PDF for PC  below.
• LaTeX to PDF/A-3 If you are using Overleaf, the automatic pdf conversion will be create a PDF/A file. Overleaf have created instructions on how to make sure your LaTeX PDF conforms to the archival standards . Please note we would prefer that you chose a-3b (propritising display) or a-3u (prioritising searchability) rather than a-1b. You may find the following paper helpful: Moore, R. (2014). PDF/A-3u as an Archival Format for Accessible Mathematics . In: Watt, S.M., Davenport, J.H., Sexton, A.P., Sojka, P., Urban, J. (eds) Intelligent Computer Mathematics. CICM 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 8543. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08434-3_14 , also available as an ArXiv pre-print .

Checking you PDF/A accessibility: You can check how well your PDF meets the PDF/A accessibility standards using the Abode Acrobat Pro preflight checker and the accessibility checker .

How to download Abode Acrobat Pro: Details of how to access or download Adobe Acrobat Pro DC can be found at iSolutions' How to install Adobe Acrobat DC Advice page .

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• Last Updated: May 7, 2024 10:13 AM
• URL: https://library.soton.ac.uk/thesis

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Dissertation Layout Formatting – A Quick Guide

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Dissertation layout formatting is often undermined when constructing an academic work, although it poses a crucial aspect. From margin size to citation styles, all elements are imperative for maintaining consistency and clear communication. It influences the quality of credibility of your work and simplifies identifying with your research for the readers. This article provides tips for mastering dissertation layout formatting.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

• 1 Dissertation Layout Formatting – In a Nutshell
• 2 Definition: Dissertation layout formatting
• 3 Dissertation layout formatting: Font and text format
• 4 Dissertation layout formatting: Tables and figures
• 5 Dissertation layout formatting: Styles throughout the paper
• 6 Dissertation layout formatting: Referencing and citing sources
• 7 Dissertation layout formatting: Using paragraph marks (¶)
• 8 Dissertation layout formatting: Header and footer
• 9 Dissertation layout formatting: Page numbers
• 10 Dissertation layout formatting: Title page
• 11 Dissertation layout formatting: Structure

Dissertation Layout Formatting – In a Nutshell

• Dissertation layout formatting refers to certain guidelines that supervisors and institutional departments have regarding the layout of a dissertation.
• While the requirements may differ, there are specific guidelines that most programs and supervisors require.
• The citation style you use for your dissertation will also influence the dissertation layout formatting guidelines you follow.

Definition: Dissertation layout formatting

Dissertation layout formatting is a significant part of completing an academic research paper . There are specific dissertation layout formatting guidelines that most institutions, supervisors, and departments require.

Note: The dissertation layout formatting guidelines also differ depending on your chosen citation style. For instance, you must use MLA dissertation formatting guidelines when following the MLA citation style.

Dissertation layout formatting: Font and text format

The dissertation layout formatting guide for fonts and texts are as follows:

• You only need to use a clear and professional font style, like Times New Roman and Calibri.
• The font size should be 10 pt or 11 pt.
• Scientific dissertations use a line spacing of 1.15 or 1.5 for a readable document.
• Line spacing also allows your supervisor to leave comments between the text lines.

Dissertation layout formatting: Tables and figures

Another dissertation layout formatting guideline is about tables and figures. All tables, illustrations, and figures in your dissertation should be numbered. These numbers allow you to refer to the specific figures within your text. They should also have a precise title. The titles allow readers to get a glance at what the graphic is about.

The numbers and titles should be positioned above the tables. However, titles for figures and illustrations should be positioned below. Microsoft Word comes with a feature that allows you to automatically insert the numbers and titles in the right position.

All you need to do is:

• Select the table or figure
• Right-click
• Pick “Insert Caption”

Then a dialogue box will appear. In the dialogue box, specify if it is a table, figure, or illustration and types its title. Finally, click “okay” and the number and title will automatically appear in the correct position.

This Microsoft Word feature also automatically generates a list of tables and figures with a button’s push.

Dissertation layout formatting: Styles throughout the paper

You can use different styles throughout your paper to differentiate the various sections, subsections, and chapters. For example, you can bold all chapter headings, and italicize the section headings. The key is ensuring that you apply a uniform scheme consistently throughout the dissertation.

Microsoft Word has a “Style” feature that you can use for dissertation layout formatting in different styles. You just need to create a heading, highlight it, and select the style. The styles are labelled as Heading 1, Heading 2, and so on in the Home toolbar. You can keep a list to help you keep up with your style choices.

Dissertation layout formatting: Referencing and citing sources

There are also specific dissertation layout formatting guidelines for r eferences and source citations. Proper citation is crucial in academic writing . The dissertation layout formatting guidelines for references differ depending on the style.

For instance, APA style and MLA style are one of the most commonly used. You can find and study the referencing guidelines for each style in our Study Guide to be on the safe side. We also provide articles on Chicago style and Harvard referencing .

Dissertation layout formatting: Using paragraph marks (¶)

There are also specific dissertation formatting guidelines for paragraph marks . These dissertation formatting guidelines especially come in handy when using Microsoft Word. When using Microsoft Word, you ought to be careful because doing something as simple as moving a graphic can alter the entire document.

Avoid this issue by using the “show paragraph marks” tool in Microsoft Word. Click on the paragraph symbol in your home toolbar to turn on this feature. When this feature is on, a black symbol will show up after each paragraph and a hard return in your document to show you how the layout is formed.

Dissertation layout formatting: Header and footer

Dissertation layout formatting for headers and footers helps give your document a professional look. You can add a header or footer to your document by double-clicking at the top or bottom of your page, respectively.

There are no standard rules regarding what you should include in your header or footer. However, most writers include their:

• Personal logo
• Company logo
• Page numbers
• Dissertation titles

Dissertation layout formatting: Page numbers

Page numbering is also a key element in dissertation layout formatting . Page numbers typically appear in the lower right page corner. You can add page numbers by creating a footer. However, always note that the page numbers should not be included on the dissertation title page .

So, you can ensure that the page numbers do not appear on the cover page by placing your cursor on the page bottom where you wish to begin the numbers.

• Next, select “page layout”
• Click “breaks”
• Go to “next page”
• Revert to the side where the numbering should start.

If you want your numbers to begin on page 2, click at the bottom of page 1, then switch to page 2.

• Select “link to previous”
• Then “move to footer”
• Finally, “link to previous” again in the header and footer edit mode
• Next, click “insert tab”
• Then “header and footer” group
• Finally, “page number”
• From there, you can select the position of the number (margins, top, or bottom)
• Select “format page number,” and enter the where you want the page number to start, then “OK.”

Dissertation layout formatting: Title page

The title page also acts as a critical part in dissertation layout formatting. The title page should be precise and well-presented.

The title page typically includes:

• The dissertation title
• Document type (dissertation/thesis/research paper)
• Department and institution
• Submission date

Dissertation layout formatting: Structure

Proper dissertation layout formatting dictates that everything in your dissertation should be orderly and placed in the correct chapter. Here are the chapters that should be in a dissertation and their correct order:

• List of abbreviations
• List of figures and tables
• Acknowledgment
• Table of contents
• Introduction
• Literature review
• Methodology
• References list

What are the main sections of a dissertation layout?

The main sections are:

There are other sections, like the reference list and title page.

What should the title page of a dissertation contain?

The title page should contain:

• The document type
• The department and institution
• The program
• The submission date

Is there a standard dissertation layout formatting guideline?

There is no standard guideline. The dissertation layout formatting guidelines differ depending on the referencing style, institution, program, and instructor.

What are the standard font style and sizes for a dissertation?

You can use professional font styles, like Times New Roman, Calibri, and Verdana. The ideal font size is 10 or 11.

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• Writing Tips

Get It Right with Our Dissertation Structure Template

2-minute read

• 17th February 2014

We read many dissertations each year, so we know what needs to be included. That’s why we’ve put together a dissertation structure template for you! Your dissertation may be different, though, so this is only a guideline.

A dissertation should include:

Acknowledgements

Table of contents, introduction.

• Main Body of Writing

Bibliography

This will usually include the title of your dissertation, your name, your course title, and the name of your supervisor. Check with your supervisor if you need to add anything else, such as the course you are on or the word count.

This page gives a brief summary of your dissertation, typically in about a third to a half of the page.

Here you give thanks to those who have supported you throughout your research and writing up your dissertation.

The table of contents needs to set out the individual chapters and sub-headings, followed by the page numbers. You may also need a list of figures and tables.

In this section, you introduce the reader to your dissertation and provide an overview of your study.

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In this part, you will include the main chapters or headings of your work. Here you discuss the literature you have used, followed by an analysis, evaluation, and discussion.

Conclusion/Findings

In the conclusion, you need to bring together the various parts of your dissertation and demonstrate how you have answered your research question. You may also want to include suggestions or recommendations for future research.

For your bibliography, you need to compile a comprehensive list of all the references and source material you have used in your dissertation.

Include any material here that would otherwise interrupt the flow of your writing, such as questionnaires or transcripts.

If you’re writing your undergraduate dissertation or your postgraduate thesis, you should consider having your document checked by a professional. It doesn’t cost as much as you might think. Have a look at our prices page for more information.

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• Dissertation Table of Contents in Word | Instructions & Examples

Dissertation Table of Contents in Word | Instructions & Examples

Published on 15 May 2022 by Tegan George .

The table of contents is where you list the chapters and major sections of your thesis, dissertation, or research paper, alongside their page numbers. A clear and well-formatted table of contents is essential, as it demonstrates to your reader that a quality paper will follow.

The table of contents (TOC) should be placed between the abstract and the introduction. The maximum length should be two pages. Depending on the nature of your thesis, dissertation, or paper, there are a few formatting options you can choose from.

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Table of contents

What to include in your table of contents, what not to include in your table of contents, creating a table of contents in microsoft word, table of contents examples, updating a table of contents in microsoft word, other lists in your thesis, dissertation, or research paper, frequently asked questions about the table of contents.

Depending on the length of your document, you can choose between a single-level, subdivided, or multi-level table of contents.

• A single-level table of contents only includes ‘level 1’ headings, or chapters. This is the simplest option, but it may be too broad for a long document like a dissertation.
• A subdivided table of contents includes chapters as well as ‘level 2’ headings, or sections. These show your reader what each chapter contains.
• A multi-level table of contents also further divides sections into ‘level 3’ headings. This option can get messy quickly, so proceed with caution. Remember your table of contents should not be longer than 2 pages. A multi-level table is often a good choice for a shorter document like a research paper.

Examples of level 1 headings are Introduction, Literature Review, Methodology, and Bibliography. Subsections of each of these would be level 2 headings, further describing the contents of each chapter or large section. Any further subsections would be level 3.

In these introductory sections, less is often more. As you decide which sections to include, narrow it down to only the most essential.

Including appendices and tables

You should include all appendices in your table of contents. Whether or not you include tables and figures depends largely on how many there are in your document.

If there are more than three figures and tables, you might consider listing them on a separate page. Otherwise, you can include each one in the table of contents.

• Theses and dissertations often have a separate list of figures and tables.
• Research papers generally don’t have a separate list of figures and tables.

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All level 1 and level 2 headings should be included in your table of contents, with level 3 headings used very sparingly.

The following things should never be included in a table of contents:

• Your acknowledgements page
• Your abstract
• The table of contents itself

The acknowledgements and abstract always precede the table of contents, so there’s no need to include them. This goes for any sections that precede the table of contents.

To automatically insert a table of contents in Microsoft Word, be sure to first apply the correct heading styles throughout the document, as shown below.

• Choose which headings are heading 1 and which are heading 2 (or 3!
• For example, if all level 1 headings should be Times New Roman, 12-point font, and bold, add this formatting to the first level 1 heading.
• Highlight the level 1 heading.
• Right-click the style that says ‘Heading 1’.
• Select ‘Update Heading 1 to Match Selection’.
• Allocate the formatting for each heading throughout your document by highlighting the heading in question and clicking the style you wish to apply.

Once that’s all set, follow these steps:

• Add a title to your table of contents. Be sure to check if your citation style or university has guidelines for this.
• Place your cursor where you would like your table of contents to go.
• In the ‘References’ section at the top, locate the Table of Contents group.
• Here, you can select which levels of headings you would like to include. You can also make manual adjustments to each level by clicking the Modify button.
• When you are ready to insert the table of contents, click ‘OK’ and it will be automatically generated, as shown below.

The key features of a table of contents are:

• Clear headings and subheadings
• Corresponding page numbers

Check with your educational institution to see if they have any specific formatting or design requirements.

Write yourself a reminder to update your table of contents as one of your final tasks before submitting your dissertation or paper. It’s normal for your text to shift a bit as you input your final edits, and it’s crucial that your page numbers correspond correctly.

It’s easy to update your page numbers automatically in Microsoft Word. Simply right-click the table of contents and select ‘Update Field’. You can choose either to update page numbers only or to update all information in your table of contents.

In addition to a table of contents, you might also want to include a list of figures and tables, a list of abbreviations and a glossary in your thesis or dissertation. You can use the following guides to do so:

• List of figures and tables
• List of abbreviations

It is less common to include these lists in a research paper.

All level 1 and 2 headings should be included in your table of contents . That means the titles of your chapters and the main sections within them.

The contents should also include all appendices and the lists of tables and figures, if applicable, as well as your reference list .

Do not include the acknowledgements or abstract   in the table of contents.

To automatically insert a table of contents in Microsoft Word, follow these steps:

• Apply heading styles throughout the document.
• In the references section in the ribbon, locate the Table of Contents group.
• Click the arrow next to the Table of Contents icon and select Custom Table of Contents.
• Select which levels of headings you would like to include in the table of contents.

Make sure to update your table of contents if you move text or change headings. To update, simply right click and select Update Field.

The table of contents in a thesis or dissertation always goes between your abstract and your introduction.

Cite this Scribbr article

If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the ‘Cite this Scribbr article’ button to automatically add the citation to our free Reference Generator.

George, T. (2022, May 15). Dissertation Table of Contents in Word | Instructions & Examples. Scribbr. Retrieved 14 May 2024, from https://www.scribbr.co.uk/thesis-dissertation/contents-page/

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Your dissertation template

A template is provided to use for your dissertation. We recommend you use this as soon as you start any writing  rather than trying to apply it afterwards. As well as showing you the structure for your dissertation, it has built in styles than can help you format it as required for a long academic document.

Scroll down the page to find videos to help you with using the template.

Downloading the template

The template for your dissertation is provided here:

Nursing Dissertation Template

This includes a pre-created PRISMA flow diagram (just add the numbers) and the NMC template for Part B. If you are not using this format for Part B then you will of course need to delete/amend this.

Just click on either the link above or the image on the right to download the template. It will usually be automatically saved into your 'downloads' folder. We recommend moving it from there to a dedicated folder where you keep everything for your dissertation.

Important note:

You do not need to alter any of the fonts in the template, they have been approved by your faculty. Please ignore any advice that you see elsewhere about using alternative fonts.

Videos showing you how to use the template

The Skills Team have provided three videos which show you how to use the template. These are:

• An introduction to the template - including filling the title page
• Using the built-in styles and updating the table of contents
• Adding labels to your tables and figures and updating the lists of these

There are also some other videos that support using the generic university template (rather than the Nursing one specifically) that may be useful to some of you. These include using the cross-referencing tool and inserting landscape documents. You can find these videos on the Skills Team's  Undergraduate Dissertation Video Workshop page. Not all of you will find these useful however, so they are not included here.

An introduction to the template

Using styles and updating table of contents

Labelling your figures and tables

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RGU Harvard Templates: Dissertations, Theses

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RGU Harvard Templates

Print Dissertations/Theses

Please ensure that you follow the template exactly, including text formatting (CAPITALS, italics ), and any punctuation.

AUTHOR'S SURNAME, First Initial(s)., Year of approval of the degree by the awarding institution. Title of thesis or dissertation. Type, Name of the degree awarding institution.

Paraphrasing / Summarising

(Brown 2003)

Brown (2003) identifies that...

"..." (Brown 2003 p. 215)

According to Brown (2003 p. 215), "..."

Reference List :

BROWN, C.M., 2003. The provision of information to prisoners in Scotland: an investigation into the requirement and current methods of delivery with recommendations for a framework of effective information provision. Unpublished MSc dissertation/thesis, The Robert Gordon University.

Electronic Dissertations/Theses

AUTHOR'S SURNAME, First Initial(s)., Year of approval of the degree by the awarding institution. Title of thesis or dissertation. [online]. Type, Name of the degree awarding institution. Available from: URL [Accessed date].

(Sutton 2007)

Sutton (2007) identifies that...

"..." (Sutton 2007 p. 120)

According to Sutton (2007 p. 120), "..."

SUTTON, I., 2007. An assessment of hand drilling potential in upland and lowland Dambo environments of Malawi. [online]. MSc dissertation/thesis, Cranfield University. Available from: http://protosh2o.act.be/VIRTUELE_BIB/ [Accessed 15 May 2014].

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Thesis / dissertation formatting manual (2024).

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UCI Libraries maintains the following  templates to assist in formatting your graduate manuscript. If you are formatting your manuscript in Microsoft Word, feel free to download and use the template. If you would like to see what your manuscript should look like, PDFs have been provided. If you are formatting your manuscript using LaTex, UCI maintains a template on OverLeaf.

• Annotated Template (Dissertation) 2024 PDF of a template with annotations of what to look out for
• Word: Thesis Template 2024 Editable template of the Master's thesis formatting.
• PDF Thesis Template 2024
• Word: Dissertation Template 2024 Editable template of the PhD Dissertation formatting.
• PDF: Dissertation Template 2024
• Overleaf (LaTex) Template
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