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• PhD/Doctorate

The difference between a dissertation and doctoral capstone

May 30, 2023

Estimated reading time:  3-4 minutes

If you’ve been researching doctoral degrees, you may notice that virtually all PhD programs require a dissertation, while some professional doctorates require a doctoral capstone or an alternative doctoral project.

So, what’s the difference between the two?

What do a dissertation and doctoral capstone have in common?

All doctoral programs help prepare students to contribute evidence-based practice in their field. Students learn to apply leadership principles and strategies that promote community support, diversity and individuality in the workplace, and the community.

Completing either a dissertation or a doctoral capstone requires intense preparation and a strong foundation in writing and critical thinking. Both culminate in a final document or project that demonstrates a broadened knowledge of relevant theory and practice. 

What are the main differences between a dissertation and a doctoral capstone? 

The Capella doctoral experience offers a good comparison of the two types of final project.

The Capella dissertation is a traditional five-chapter research document that you’ll develop as you work with a faculty mentor and dissertation committee members. It’s meant to be a work of high-quality academic research that contributes to your field of study.

The doctoral capstone can take many different forms depending on your program, your specialization or area of interest within your subject and other variables. Working with a faculty mentor and committee, you’ll complete a project that offers solutions or improvements to a real-world problem relevant to your field of study. 

• Project focus
• Project deliverable
• Deliverable detail

Doctoral Capstone

• Extends or applies research to solve a real-world problem
• Provides a solution to a problem within a specific organizational setting
• Presents the results in a deliverable (paper, product, or portfolio) and a final report that describes the creation of the deliverable

Dissertation

• Involves a quest for new knowledge to solve a real-world problem
• Addresses a research problem in one field of specialization
• Involves either quantitative or qualitative research methods
• Paper, Product or Portfolio
• Action research
• Clinical Research Paper
• Program Curriculum
• Change Management Plan
• Chapter 1. Introduction and Statement of the Problem
• Chapter 2. Literature Review
• Chapter 3. Methodology
• Chapter 4. Data Analysis and Results
• Chapter 5. Conclusions and Recommendations

Ready to explore the doctoral path that could work best for you? Capella University offers PhD and professional doctorate degree programs ranging from business and education to health care and technology.

Learn more about Capella’s online doctoral programs.

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Understanding the Differences Between Dissertation, Thesis, and Capstone Projects

This article explains the key differences between dissertation, thesis, and capstone projects, and offers insights into how to approach each project to ensure academic success.

If you're pursuing an advanced degree, you may be required to complete a dissertation, thesis, or capstone project as part of your program. While these projects share some similarities, there are also important differences to understand.

A dissertation is typically required for a doctoral degree, while a thesis is required for a master's degree. Both involve extensive research, data collection and analysis, and a written report that contributes to the body of knowledge in the field of study. A capstone project, on the other hand, is typically a culminating project required for a variety of undergraduate and graduate degree programs. It may involve original research, but can also take the form of a creative project or a community service project.

Dissertation: A dissertation is a research project required to complete a doctoral degree program. It is a comprehensive study that contributes to the existing body of knowledge in the field of study. A dissertation typically involves original research, data collection and analysis, and a written report that is expected to make a significant contribution to the field of study.

Thesis: A thesis is a research project required to complete a master's degree program. It is usually a shorter and less complex study compared to a dissertation. A thesis may involve original research, but it can also be a literature review, a case study, or a critical analysis of existing research in the field of study.

Capstone: A capstone is a culminating project required to complete a degree program. It is typically undertaken in the final year of study and integrates the knowledge and skills gained throughout the program. A capstone can take various forms, such as a research project, a creative work, or a community service project. It is designed to demonstrate the student's ability to apply what they have learned to real-world problems.

To successfully complete a dissertation, thesis, or capstone project, it's important to have a clear understanding of the project's purpose and requirements. For example, a dissertation will require a more extensive literature review, data collection, and data analysis than a thesis or capstone project. A thesis may require more original research than a capstone project, but less than a dissertation.

In addition, it's important to work closely with your advisor or instructor throughout the project to ensure that you are meeting the requirements and expectations. You may also want to consider seeking out additional resources, such as writing support or statistical analysis services, to help you complete the project successfully.

By understanding the differences between dissertation, thesis, and capstone projects, and approaching each project with a clear plan and support, you can successfully complete your degree program and contribute to the body of knowledge in your field. In summary, a dissertation is a research project required to complete a doctoral degree program, a thesis is a research project required to complete a master's degree program, and a capstone is a culminating project required to complete a degree program.

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Tips for Writing a Dissertation or Capstone Project

Writing a doctoral dissertation or a capstone project for a master’s program can be one of the most challenging and intensive parts of earning a graduate degree. This already difficult task has been heavily exacerbated by major global events, such as the Covid pandemic, systemic racism, and visa restrictions on international students. Members of the Committee on the Status of Graduate Students in the Humanities (CSGSH) share some practical tips and advice for working on and completing a dissertation or capstone project that can help graduate students complete their projects during these challenging times.

Didem Uca, Assistant Professor of German Studies, Emory University

DONE IS GOOD

Every semester before finals week at my undergraduate alma mater, Bryn Mawr College, we hung to-do lists on our dorm room doors with the phrase “DONE IS GOOD” and gleefully cheered each other on as we checked each item off. Once I reached ABD status in my Ph.D. program, I learned a different saying with a similar sentiment: “A good dissertation is a done dissertation. A great dissertation is a published dissertation. A perfect dissertation is neither.” If you are in a book field, you have to accept that you may not be able to accomplish everything in the dissertation that you hope to accomplish in the version that will eventually be published as a monograph. There are multiple reasons why this might be the case––perhaps you and your committee do not share in that vision; perhaps there are archival materials that you are unable to access due to COVID; or perhaps you simply are running out of time, funding, or patience. But pragmatism wins out over perfection. Done is good.

Backwards Create a Realistic Schedule and Set SMART Goals

Speaking of to-do lists, when you are working on a project that is bigger than anything you have ever completed before and that spans several years, it may be overwhelming to figure out your timeline and path to completion. Speak with your advisor and recent graduates or other students ahead of you in your program to make sure you understand what the precise dissertation or thesis requirements are for your program. Then, open your virtual or paper calendar or planner and begin to schedule your timeline working back from the date when you want to (or must) defend. The following example of an ABD beginning work on their dissertation illustrates this process: If you will run out of funding on June 1, 2023, you will likely need to defend, and in some cases, deposit your dissertation in time for the spring graduation deadline, which may be as early as April. You already have a dissertation outline and have reviewed relevant literature for your prospectus and have one chapter drafted based on a conference paper. After speaking with your advisor, you have learned that you are expected to write 4 chapters, an introduction, and a conclusion, and the three most recent graduates of your program wrote between 250-300 pages.

Using this information, begin to create SMART––Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound––goals to fulfill these requirements in time for your anticipated defense date. Make sure to account for the time it will take for your committee members to read and offer feedback on your work and any other academic and life obligations, such as needing to travel to an archive before working on a chapter, teaching service, or taking a week off before your wedding. Be realistic, build in extra time for the unexpected, and continue updating and revising your SMART goals throughout the process.

Gamify Writing––and Write Every Day

If you think you hate writing, may I suggest that you actually hate the anxiety of not writing? The mere thought of opening a blank document or returning to a particularly vexing paragraph can be paralyzing, and thus, we often choose to focus our energies on everything but writing. For me, this included reading Joan Bolker’s classic Writing Your Dissertation in Fifteen Minutes a Day , in which she advises dissertators to “Do some work on your thesis every day, even if it’s only for fifteen minutes. (“Every day” is more important than how much time you spend, or how many pages you produce, or what quality of work you produce on any particular day.)” This advice was transformative at a time when I was plagued by writing––or, more precisely, not writing––anxiety and intense guilt. So I followed Bolker’s advice and began writing. For the first few weeks, guided by my SMART goals and completion schedule, I began to write 150 new words every day. I increased this amount to 200, 250, 500, 750…until I was reliably writing 1500-2000 words a day, managing to add 200 new pages to my dissertation in the final four months before my defense. Anything you write today is something you will not have to write tomorrow or two months from now. Future you will thank you for your diligence. If this abstract gamification strategy isn’t effective, consider that, like all living creatures, you are not above bribery; give yourself rewards for meeting your daily benchmark, such as, as soon as I finish my 350 words for today, I can watch the next episode of The Great. Speaking of which, I have to go work on my book proposal so that I can watch Sarah Cooper’s special on Netflix.

Amir Hussain, Ph.D. candidate in Comparative Literature, Emory University

I have three pieces of advice to offer.

First, think about and seek agreement about what kind of dissertation project you aim to do .

There are many different kinds of dissertation projects that one can theoretically do. But not every dissertation project can be done without the aspects and planning that so often precede the actual dissertation writing, such as the prospectus, language training, archives you may need to visit or approvals you may need to have to conduct your research, and committee support. While a traditional dissertation is typically conceived of as one large project with chapters that are in some way or other organically related, there are many discussions about traditional dissertations and discussions on other innovative configurations for the dissertation. So it is crucial that you, your advisor, and your committee are on the same page about the kind of dissertation you want to do, are expected to do based on previous discussions or on disciplinary training, and would be departmentally permitted to do. Seek input from your advisor and committee on this with the prospectus and throughout the project. And while it is possible that your project may develop as you work on it, there should still be a reasonable consensus and clarity about what kind of project you are working on and why.

Second, keep in touch with your advisor regularly . 

Your advisor is not merely the main key between you and graduating with a Ph.D. degree. Rather, your advisor is your main and most vital source of help throughout your degree. Ideally, this help should come in many forms: input on your trajectory during the doctoral program, honest but supportive feedback on your dissertation and on application materials, and institutional guidance. It is crucial to get input on your work at crucial junctures, such as between ending one chapter and starting another, or on materials that you submit as part of your applications for fellowships or for jobs. If you are not receiving critical feedback on your work, be sure to ask for it. On the other hand, if you need more encouragement, it is fine to ask for that, too. Regardless, keep in touch with your advisor and avoid long stretches of time without any communication. This way, not only will your advisor know what you are working on, but you will also know if you are staying on track or if you need more feedback and assistance.

Third, take your time with the dissertation.

The authors of The Slow Professor: Challenging the Culture of Speed in the Academy argue that the rapid pace in academia and in contemporary society is not conducive for the long form of research and scholarly writing. Their view applies directly to dissertators as well, who are often interrupted by competing demands and pressures to publish their work quickly. But being slow and deliberate with the long process of research, writing, and revision can allow dissertators to get sufficient feedback from an advisor or committee, to revise, to produce stronger work, and to aim for quality over quantity. And on a related note, taking your time on a dissertation relates to how one thinks of graduate school more broadly . Applying for dissertation funding or teaching opportunities during this crucial stage can allow you to spend this time now to write and get feedback during your graduate school years.

Viana Anette Hara, Ph.D. student in Romance Languages, University of Oregon

On Taking Care of Yourself

I have no idea the amount of mental, physical, and emotional energy that the ultimate goal of writing a dissertation requires. I remember attending a workshop on how to initiate your dissertation by organizing material, choosing your project’s topic, and the importance of communication with your advisor—all of these are crucial steps. However, it was not mentioned that physical and mental health are pivotal to accomplish this goal and that life also happens. 

While writing my master’s degree thesis, my beloved dog of 16 years old died. I was already stressed, physically, and mentally. This event caused me great sadness, and I hit a wall on my thesis. Life can happen to all of us in many ways. So what do you do when you are mentally, physically, and emotionally exhausted? And, what do you do when life happens while you are writing a thesis or dissertation?

Unfortunately, there are no easy answers to these questions, but I’d like to share with you some humble suggestions that worked for me and could work for you:

Seek help : It is vital to have a support system, whether it is a family member or someone you trust, or a healthcare professional. Seek help. It is not a sign of weakness. It is a sign that you are human, and not only a graduate student. 

Sleep: Sometimes, there is so much to do and not enough time to sleep. But remember that sleep is essential for brain function. Rest makes a difference in mental, emotional, and physical states.

Eat: I am not referring to a diet, but instead, to the mindfulness of nourishing your body. The act of eating away from distraction, including your dissertation is important. Focus on taking care of your body by fueling it with food.

Walk: The act of walking helps the body physically and mentally, and you are moving. It lightens the mood, and it helps support sleep. It is not a strenuous exercise, and it can be done anywhere.

Meditate: I was very skeptical about meditating, but it helped me greatly–physically, emotionally, and cognitively. It is not really about quieting your mind. After all, we are graduate students. We are always thinking. Instead, it is observing those thoughts calmly while being aware and connecting to your body. Great ideas can flourish unconsciously in meditation.

Do it all over again: There is no formula to deal with life’s curveball. Making a habit of these small practices could help you while writing a dissertation or thesis, which you can carry over in other life stages.

I’d like to offer some suggestions regarding the MFA thesis project. I completed my MFA in Creative Writing last year with relative ease of mind, and I hope you can learn from whatever small fragments of wisdom I picked up along the way.

First of all, start early.

If you begin writing your MFA thesis during your final year, you are probably going to find yourself far more crunched for time than you expect to be due to one small problem–human inclination to change our minds. Every single person I was in the Master’s program with changed our minds at least two or three times about the topic of our thesis, and often also the genre, timeline, and basically every other significant detail. This is to be expected, but these are not the kinds of questions you want to be asking yourself while going into your final month of your second-to-last semester of your MFA program. These are the kinds of questions to be asking yourself in your third-to-last semester of your MFA program, and to resolve over summer break. That way, when it comes time for you to write your thesis, you can actually write your thesis , instead of spending that time and brainpower trying to make decisions about who is going to narrate your story, and by the way are you going to write a memoir or a hybrid work? 

Second, and this is advice I learned the hard way, keep a separate draft for just yourself, and show this draft to no one.

Look, every class you take in graduate school is an academic class. Your advisor is not G-D, she is a professor, and it is her job to help you with your writing. Listen to what she is telling you. However, if you have only just written the last thirty pages of your draft, and by the way you decided on nonfiction after all, and so you are literally editing stories about your parents and sister…you need a spare draft. Trust me. Mark up the draft you hand in to your professor, make the edits your Thesis Advisor and Reader asked you to make, but hold a draft back for yourself. That way when you inevitably change your mind about story or direction later on, you can refer back to the original copy without finding yourself drawn astray by your need to make the grade. It is necessary to make whatever edits your professors require of you, in order to earn a healthy GPA. It is not necessary to edit your life’s work based on someone else’s feedback that you accept under the duress of GPAs and graduate school aspirations.

Finally, do not kill your darlings, move them .

Whenever I sit down to write a long paper, I keep two documents. One document is my working  draft of my paper. The other document is my “extra” draft, which has every line I wrote and loved but don’t quite have a place for. This is good advice whether you are working on a book or a Literature paper. Write your essay, but hold onto the ‘extra’ you love but can’t use right now. You might come back to it later in your paper, or you might use it to write a different paper altogether. But don’t throw away your words just because you don’t know how to use them quite yet.

Everyone take care, and don’t take this all too seriously.

What Exactly Is A Dissertation (Or Thesis)?

If you’ve landed on this article, chances are you’ve got a dissertation or thesis project coming up (hopefully it’s not due next week!), and you’re now asking yourself the classic question, “what the #%#%^ is a dissertation?”…

In this post, I’ll break down the basics of exactly what a dissertation is, in plain language. No ivory tower academia.

So, let’s get to the pressing question – what is a dissertation?

A dissertation (or thesis) = a research project

Simply put, a dissertation (or thesis – depending on which country you’re studying in) is a research project . In other words, your task is to ask a research question (or set of questions) and then set about finding the answer(s). Simple enough, right?

Well, the catch is that you’ve got to undertake this research project in an academic fashion , and there’s a wealth of academic language that makes it all (look) rather confusing (thanks, academia). However, at its core, a dissertation is about undertaking research (investigating something). This is really important to understand, because the key skill that your university is trying to develop in you (and will be testing you on) is your ability to undertake research in a well-structured structured, critical and academically rigorous way.

This research-centric focus is significantly different from assignments or essays, where the main concern is whether you can understand and apply the prescribed module theory. I’ll explain some other key differences between dissertations or theses and assignments a bit later in this article, but for now, let’s dig a little deeper into what a dissertation is.

A dissertation (or thesis) is a process.

Okay, so now that you understand that a dissertation is a research project (which is testing your ability to undertake quality research), let’s go a little deeper into what that means in practical terms.

The best way to understand a dissertation is to view it as a process – more specifically a research process (it is a research project, after all). This process involves four essential steps, which I’ll discuss below.

Step 1 – You identify a worthy research question

The very first step of the research process is to find a meaningful research question, or a set of questions. In other words, you need to find a suitable topic for investigation. Since a dissertation is all about research, identifying the key question(s) is the critical first step. Here’s an example of a well-defined research question:

“Which factors cultivate or erode customer trust in UK-based life insurance brokers?”

This clearly defined question sets the direction of the research . From the question alone, you can understand exactly what the outcome of the research might look like – i.e. a set of findings about which factors help brokers develop customer trust, and which factors negatively impact trust.

But how on earth do I find a suitable research question, you ask? Don’t worry about this right now – when you’re ready, you can read our article about finding a dissertation topic . However, right now, the important thing to understand is that the first step in the dissertation process is identifying the key research question(s). Without a clear question, you cannot move forward.

Step 2 – You review the existing research

Once the research question is clearly established, the next step is to review the existing research/literature (both academic and professional/industry) to understand what has already been said with regard to the question. In academic speak, this is called a literature review .

This step is critically important as, in all likelihood, someone else has asked a similar question to yours, and therefore you can build on the work of others . Good academic research is not about reinventing the wheel or starting from scratch – it’s about familiarising yourself with the current state of knowledge, and then using that as your basis for further research.

Simply put, the first step to answering your research question is to look at what other researchers have to say about it. Sometimes this will lead you to change your research question or direction slightly (for example, if the existing research already provides a comprehensive answer). Don’t stress – this is completely acceptable and a normal part of the research process.

Step 3 – You carry out your own research

Once you’ve got a decent understanding of the existing state of knowledge, you will carry out your own research by collecting and analysing the relevant data. This could take to form of primary research (collecting your own fresh data), secondary research (synthesising existing data) or both, depending on the nature of your degree, research question(s) and even your university’s specific requirements.

Exactly what data you collect and how you go about analysing it depends largely on the research question(s) you are asking, but very often you will take either a qualitative approach (e.g. interviews or focus groups) or a quantitative approach (e.g. online surveys). In other words, your research approach can be words-based, numbers-based, or both . Don’t let the terminology scare you and don’t worry about these technical details for now – we’ll explain research methodology in later posts .

Step 4 – You develop answers to your research question(s)

Combining your understanding of the existing research (Step 2) with the findings from your own original research (Step 3), you then (attempt to) answer your original research question (s). The process of asking, investigating and then answering has gone full circle.

Of course, your research won’t always provide rock-solid answers to your original questions, and indeed you might find that your findings spur new questions altogether. Don’t worry – this is completely acceptable and is a natural part of the research process.

So, to recap, a dissertation is best understood as a research process, where you are:

• Ask a meaningful research question(s)
• Carry out the research (both existing research and your own)
• Analyse the results to develop an answer to your original research question(s).

Depending on your specific degree and the way your university designs its coursework, you might be asking yourself “but isn’t this just a longer version of a normal assignment?”. Well, it’s quite possible that your previous assignments required a similar research process, but there are some key differences you need to be aware of, which I’ll explain next.

Same same, but different…

While there are, naturally, similarities between dissertations/theses and assignments, its important to understand the differences  so that you approach your dissertation with the right mindset and focus your energy on the right things. Here, I’ll discuss four ways in which writing a dissertation differs substantially from assignments and essays, and why this matters.

Difference #1 – You must decide (and live with) the direction.

Unlike assignments or essays, where the general topic is determined for you, for your dissertation, you will (typically) be the one who decides on your research questions and overall direction. This means that you will need to:

• Find a suitable research question (or set of questions)
• Justify why its worth investigating (in the form of a research proposal )
• Find all the relevant existing research and familiarise yourself with the theory

This is very different from assignments, where the theory is given to you on a platter, and the direction is largely pre-defined. Therefore, before you start the dissertation process, you need to understand the basics of academic research, how to find a suitable research topic and how to source the relevant literature.

Difference #2 – It’s a long project, and you’re on your own.

A dissertation is a long journey, at least compared to assignments. Typically, you will spend 3 – 6 months writing around 15,000 – 25,000 words (for Masters-level, much more for PhD) on just one subject. Therefore, successfully completing your dissertation requires a substantial amount of stamina .

To make it even more challenging, your classmates will not be researching the same thing as you are, so you have limited support, other than your supervisor (who may be very busy). This can make it quite a lonely journey . Therefore, you need a lot of self-discipline and self-direction in order to see it through to the end. You should also try to build a support network of people who can help you through the process (perhaps alumni, faculty or a private coach ).

Difference #3 – They’re testing research skills.

We touched on this earlier. Unlike assignments or essays, where the markers are assessing your ability to understand and apply the theories, models and frameworks that they provide you with, your dissertation will be is assessing your ability to undertake high-quality research in an academically rigorous manner.

Of course, your ability to understand the relevant theory (i.e. within your literature review) is still very important, but this is only one piece of the research skills puzzle. You need to demonstrate the full spectrum of research skills.

It’s important to note that your research does not need to be ground-breaking, revolutionary or world-changing – that is not what the markers are assessing. They are assessing whether you can apply well-established research principles and skills to a worthwhile topic of enquiry. Don’t feel like you need to solve the world’s major problems. It’s simply not going to happen (you’re a first-time researcher, after all) – and doesn’t need to happen in order to earn good marks.

Difference #4 – Your focus needs to be narrow and deep.

In your assignments, you were likely encouraged to take a broad, interconnected, high-level view of the theory and connect as many different ideas and concepts as possible. In your dissertation, however, you typically need to narrow your focus and go deep into one particular topic. Think about the research question we looked at earlier:

The focus is intentionally very narrow – specifically the focus is on:

• The UK only – no other countries are being considered.
• Life insurance brokers only – not financial services, not vehicle insurance, not medical insurance, etc.
• Customer trust only – not reputation, not customer loyalty, not employee trust, supplier trust, etc.

By keeping the focus narrow, you enable yourself to deeply probe whichever topic you choose – and this depth is essential for earning good marks. Importantly, ringfencing your focus doesn’t mean ignoring the connections to other topics – you should still acknowledge all the linkages, but don’t get distracted – stay focused on the research question(s).

So, as you can see, a dissertation is more than just an extended assignment or essay. It’s a unique research project that you (and only you) must lead from start to finish. The good news is that, if done right, completing your dissertation will equip you with strong research skills, which you will most certainly use in the future, regardless of whether you follow an academic or professional path.

Wrapping up

Hopefully in this post, I’ve answered your key question, “what is a dissertation?”, at least at a big picture-level. To recap on the key points:

• A dissertation is simply a structured research project .
• It’s useful to view a dissertation as a process involving asking a question, undertaking research and then answering that question.
• First and foremost, your marker(s) will be assessing your research skills , so its essential that you focus on producing a rigorous, academically sound piece of work (as opposed to changing the world or making a scientific breakthrough).
• While there are similarities, a dissertation is different from assignments and essays in multiple ways. It’s important to understand these differences if you want to produce a quality dissertation.

In this post, I’ve gently touched on some of the intricacies of the dissertation, including research questions, data types and research methodologies. Be sure to check out the Grad Coach Blog  for more detailed discussion of these areas.

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34 Comments

Hello Derek

Yes, I struggle with literature review and am highly frustrated (with myself).

Thank you for the guide that you have sent, especially the apps. I am working through the guide and busy with the implementation of it.

Hope to hear from you again!

Regards Micheal

Great to hear that, Michael. All the best with your research!

Thank you. That was quite something to move forward with. Despite the fact that I was lost. I will now be able to do something with the information given.

That’s great, Pheladi. Good luck!

Thank you so much for your videos and writing research proposal and dissertation. These videos are useful. I was struggling, but now I am starting to write. I hope to watch your more videos to learn more about the dissertation.

Before this post, I didn’t know where to start my research, today I have some light and do certain % of my research. I may need for direction on literature review. Big thanks to you.

Very very good Derek

Thanks immensely Derek

You’re welcome 🙂 Good luck with your dissertation/thesis.

Thank you Derek for widening my scope on research, this can be likened to a blind man whose eyes can now see.

Remain bless sir🙏

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On cybersecurity Analytics research to banking transactions

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i have gone through the notes and it is interesting. All i need now is a pdf file that contain a whole dissertation writing inclusive of chapter 1 to 5 on motivation as a topic… thanks

Remarkable!!! You made it sound so simple

I got stuck in my writing because I need to change my topic. I am getting scared as I have a semester left 🙁

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What’s the Difference Between a Dissertation vs. Thesis?

If you plan to pursue an advanced degree, you may be wondering about the differences between dissertation vs. thesis projects.

Most candidates in master’s or PhD programs are required to complete a final project in the form of a thesis or dissertation before graduating.

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Because both a master’s thesis and a doctoral dissertation consist of in-depth research, analysis, and writing, some people use the terms interchangeably. They are separate assignments, though, that are completed at different stages in a student’s academic journey.

What’s the Difference Between a Dissertation vs. Thesis?

Students enrolled in masters degree programs typically write a thesis, whereas doctoral students complete a dissertation.

Although these projects are both research-based and are usually required for graduation, they have different lengths, requirements, and timeframes. Knowing how to distinguish between them is vital for anyone hoping to attend graduate school.

What Is a Thesis?

A thesis is a scholarly paper that many students write before completing their master’s programs. Most graduate schools require students to submit a thesis that reflects the breadth and depth of their knowledge of the field and demonstrates their advanced research skills.

To create a thesis, students begin by selecting a topic of interest and conducting extensive research in that area. That information serves as the basis for a lengthy paper that describes the student’s position on the subject and presents evidence proving their assertion. Although it’s not common, some undergraduate schools also require students to write a short thesis.

What Is a Dissertation?

A dissertation is a doctoral-level project that is a standard feature of PhD programs. When completing a dissertation, a student will conduct original or expanded research that can contribute to their field and solidify their status as a scholar.

So, what’s a dissertation and how long does it take to write one? Dissertations are often hundreds of pages in length and are completed over several years. They reflect that a student not only understands the current state of the field but also has a unique approach to the subject matter. After writing a dissertation, a student must defend it to a committee and faculty chair, who determine whether it is acceptable.

A number of universities now offer doctorate programs without dissertations but have a capstone project for completion. Common programs are DBA degrees or doctoral programs in education with no dissertation online or on campus.

Differences Between a Dissertation vs. Thesis

A dissertation and thesis are distinct in important ways, including:

• Academic level . A thesis is generally the final project required for a master’s degree. Students complete a dissertation during their doctoral programs.
• Research requirements . Writing a thesis involves reviewing and compiling information from reputable sources. To complete a dissertation, students must also present new information based on original research.
• Length . The difference in the length of a PhD dissertation vs. masters thesis is noteworthy. A thesis is typically between 50 and 100 pages in length and is written during the final year of a master’s degree program. A dissertation is generally 100 to 400 pages long and may involve several years of work.
• Completion process . Students submit their thesis projects to a group of two or more faculty mentors. Dissertation projects culminate with an oral defense, where the student answers questions from a committee of various faculty members.

The difference between dissertation and thesis projects depends on where you’re studying. For instance, in the United Kingdom, master’s students complete a dissertation, and PhD students write a doctoral thesis.

Similarities Between a Thesis vs. Dissertation

Much like the similarity between a dissertation vs. capstone , a thesis is usually accomplished as a partial requirement for an academic degree. A thesis and a dissertation usually share these common features:

• Purpose . Thesis and dissertation projects are designed to indicate whether a student is ready to graduate.
• Required skills . To successfully write a dissertation or thesis, students often have strong writing, analytical, research, and editing skills.
• Process . To complete either project, students select a focused research area, review existing sources, and write a long paper summarizing their findings and analysis.
• Expectations . Students cannot commit plagiarism or act unethically.
• Benefits . Completing a thesis or dissertation helps students gain a more thorough understanding of their field, narrow down their career goals, and demonstrate their achievements.

If you intend to complete a doctoral dissertation, you may have the opportunity to expand on the research from your master’s thesis or select a new area of interest.

Theses and Dissertations

There may be a difference between a thesis and a dissertation in terms of when students complete them, how long they are, and what type of research they involve, but they are both beneficial academically and professionally.

These projects provide students with an opportunity to gain expertise in their fields and prepare for their careers. Graduates also sometimes publish their work as journal articles or books. Having a record of publications may strengthen your candidacy for future positions. Writing a dissertation or thesis is challenging, but it can be a valuable experience.

You can take the next step in your educational journey today by researching accredited master’s and PhD programs.

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Dissertation vs Thesis: Your 2024 Guide

If you’ve been thinking about going to graduate school, you may be familiar with the application requirements, rigorous academic schedule, and thesis or dissertation you’ll be expected to complete. So, what exactly is the difference between a thesis and a dissertation? While there are similarities, there’s a clear difference between the two. In our guide, we compare dissertation vs thesis. Discover more about both – and what you can expect during your graduate program. Let’s get started!

• Table of Contents

What Is a Thesis?

A thesis is an academic paper or project that’s completed towards the end of a master’s degree program . It is typically completed as the capstone project , meaning it’s the final project required for a student to graduate.

Students need to select a narrow, specific topic within – or relating to – their field of study. Once they’ve selected a topic, students must conduct an in-depth review of existing research on their chosen subjects. The next step is to formulate an academic argument, an assertion they’ll need to support or prove with said research.

Therefore, a thesis is akin to an in-depth research paper. It’s comprised of research that essentially proves what a student has learned during their program.

What Is a Typical Thesis Structure?

A thesis generally follows a rigid structure that’s decided by the program, department, or university. Here is an example of a thesis structure:

• The Title Page
• Summary of Thesis Abstract
• Table of Maps and Figures
• The Thesis Body (Sometimes divided into chapters)
• The Results or Conclusion

Who Needs to Complete a Thesis?

Most master’s degree programs require students to complete a thesis. While some undergraduate programs may also require a thesis, these are generally shorter and narrower in scope.

Some programs will also require a master’s student to defend their thesis in front of a panel or committee.

What Is a Dissertation?

What is “the PhD paper” called? Some people refer to it as a PhD thesis, but it’s most commonly known as a dissertation in the US. Dissertations are the capstone project required at the tail end of a PhD program . It is almost always required, except for a select few one-year PhD programs .

Much like a thesis, dissertations are also academic papers that aim to prove a student’s expertise – while adding to the current body of knowledge – in their field. Thus, a student must look at existing research and conduct their own research .

Basically, it’s the magnum opus of a doctoral journey in the United States. A dissertation isn’t just a long research paper; it’s a beast of a project. It demands extensive research, originality, and the ability to make a meaningful contribution to your chosen field. Think of it as a research odyssey guided by a seasoned mentor. Once you’ve conquered this scholarly quest and defended your findings, you’ll proudly emerge with your hard-earned doctoral degree, a testament to your dedication and scholarly prowess.

A dissertation typically comes after a PhD student completes their required courses and passes their qualifying exams. In some programs, the dissertation process is embedded into the coursework. In such cases, students receive a jump start on their work, allowing them to potentially finish their program earlier.

What Does a Dissertation Do?

PhD candidates must present a new theory or hypothesis. Alternatively, they must present their research to question (or disprove) the existing accepted theory on their chosen subject. Students may choose to tackle their topic from a new angle or take their research in a different direction.

Most programs will require students to defend their dissertations. During the defense, candidates must be able to justify the methodology of their research and the results and interpretation of their findings. Defenses are typically oral presentations in front of a dissertation committee , where the students are asked questions or presented with challenges.

Although the defense may seem daunting, PhD students work closely with their advisors to prepare for their dissertations. Students receive feedback and advice to guide their dissertations in their chosen direction.

What Is the Typical Dissertation Structure? 

Dissertations follow a rigid structure typically set by the program, department, or university. Here is an example format:

• The Acknowledgments Page
• The Abstract
• Introduction
• The Literature Review & Theoretical Framework
• The Methodology
• Findings/Results
• Discussions of the Findings, including analysis, interpretation, and applications
• The Conclusion
• List of References
• Any Appendices

What Is a Doctoral Thesis?

A doctoral thesis is a substantial piece of scholarly work that marks the pinnacle of a doctoral degree program, such as a PhD. Think of it as the academic grand finale. Its primary mission? To showcase the candidate’s mastery in their chosen field and their knack for delving deep into research.

In a nutshell, a doctoral thesis is a mammoth project that calls for originality. You’ve got to dig, investigate, gather data, crunch numbers, and present real data-supported findings. All this hard work usually happens under the watchful eye of a knowledgeable mentor. Once you’ve conquered this scholarly mountain and defended your thesis successfully, you’ll be proudly awarded your well-deserved doctoral degree. It’s the hallmark of your expertise and contribution to your field.

And how does a doctoral thesis differ from a dissertation? That’s mainly a geographic explanation. While they’re largely similar in scope and purpose, when comparing a doctoral thesis vs. a dissertation:

• A dissertation is the PhD capstone requirement in the US .
• A doctoral thesis is the PhD capstone requirement in Europe .

Related Reading: The Easiest PhDs

Dissertation vs. Thesis: The Similarities

In the master’s thesis vs dissertation discussion, there are plenty of similarities. Both are lengthy academic papers that require intense research and original writing. They’re also capstone projects which are completed at the tail end of their respective programs.

Students must work closely with their respective committees (e.g., faculty members, advisors, professionals) who provide feedback and guidance on their research, writing, and academic arguments. Both thesis and dissertation committees have a committee chair with whom the students work closely.

In some ways, the requirements for theses and dissertations are quite similar. They require a skillful defense of a student’s academic arguments. What’s more, both papers require critical thinking and good analytical reasoning, as well as in-depth expertise in the chosen field of study.

Students must also invest a significant amount of time into both projects while also being able to accept and action feedback on their work.

Dissertation vs. Thesis: The Differences

What are the differences between a PhD dissertation vs. thesis? The first and most distinct difference is the degree program requiring a PhD dissertation or thesis. A dissertation is typically the capstone project for a doctorate, while a thesis is the capstone project for a master’s degree program (or undergraduate program).

Candidates will have to defend their dissertation during an oral presentation in front of their committee. Only some master’s theses require this.

During a thesis, students typically conduct research by reviewing existing literature and knowledge on their chosen subject. During a dissertation, students must do their own research and prove their theory, concept, or hypothesis. They should also expect to develop a unique concept and defend it based on the practical and theoretical results achieved from their rigorous research.

Theses are also typically shorter (around 40 to 80 pages). Dissertations, however, are much longer (between 100 and 300 pages). Of course, the actual length of the paper may depend on the topic, program, department, or university.

Related Reading : PhD Candidate vs Student: What’s the Difference? 

Dissertations and Theses: US vs. Europe

Whether you’re in the US or Europe, dissertations and theses are similar. However, European requirements and conventions differ slightly:

Doctoral Thesis

To ensure your PhD graduation, a dissertation is generally required. Doctoral theses in Europe are much like a PhD dissertation in the US : You must complete your own research and add to the existing body of knowledge in your field.

Master’s Dissertation

It may seem odd to require a dissertation for master’s degree programs, but in Europe, this is exactly what you’ll need. A master’s dissertation is a broader post-graduate program research project , though it’s most typically required for master’s programs.

Frequently Asked Questions

Here are a few of the most common questions we hear about the meaning of thesis vs. dissertation.

Is a Thesis and a Dissertation the Same?

Yes and no. In some ways, a dissertation and a thesis are the same. For example, both require original writing, critical skills, analytical thinking, plenty of research, and lots of academic effort. However, a thesis is more commonly reserved for master’s – and some undergraduate – programs. Dissertations are generally required by PhD programs in the United States.

Additionally, a thesis typically calls for heavy research and compilation of existing knowledge and literature on a subject. A dissertation requires candidates to conduct their own research to prove their own theory, concept, or hypothesis – adding to the existing body of knowledge in their chosen field of study.

How Long Is a Thesis vs. a Dissertation?

One of the primary differences between thesis and dissertation papers is their length. While a thesis might be anywhere from 40 to 80 pages long, a dissertation can easily run from 100 to 300. It’s important to note that these numbers depend on the specific program and university.

Does a PhD Require a Thesis or a Dissertation?

It all depends on where you are! While a US-based PhD requires you to complete a dissertation, a thesis (or “doctoral thesis”) is more commonly required for PhD candidates in Europe. In the US, a thesis is more commonly reserved for master’s degree programs and occasionally undergraduate programs. In Europe, a “master’s dissertation” is typically required for the completion of a master’s degree.

So, there you have it: an in-depth comparison of the dissertation vs. thesis academic requirements. Now that you know the primary similarities and differences between the two, it might become easier to decide your academic path. Just remember, you may be able to find a master’s program without a thesis or a doctorate without a dissertation requirement if you prefer. Good luck!

Are you ready to jump into your doctorate? Find out if you need a master’s degree to get a PhD .

Chriselle Sy

Chriselle has been a passionate professional content writer for over 10 years. She writes educational content for The Grad Cafe, Productivity Spot, The College Monk, and other digital publications.  When she isn't busy writing, she spends her time streaming video games and learning new skills.

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What Is a Capstone Project?

A capstone project is a multifaceted academic experience typically required for students during the final year of an academic program. It is a comprehensive and interdisciplinary project that often requires students to apply the knowledge and skills acquired throughout their academic careers to solve real-world problems or issues. 

Capstone projects come in all shapes and sizes, including research papers, case studies, creative works, internships, and field placement projects. They are designed to challenge students to think critically, solve complex problems, and demonstrate their readiness for work in their field. Capstone projects are often a highlight of a student’s academic career and can provide valuable experience and skills for their future endeavors.

Types of Capstone Projects

Capstone projects are an essential part of many academic programs. They can vary from program to program and take shape depending on the specific discipline and project goals. 

Research Paper/Major Project Course

A research paper or major project course is a comprehensive capstone that aims to equip students with the necessary skills and knowledge to conduct research and produce a high-quality research paper or major project. These typically include various topics such as research methodology, literature review, data collection, and analysis, as well as writing and presentation skills.

The course typically begins with an introduction to research methodology, including the different research types, research design, and ethical considerations. Students are taught how to conduct a literature review, which involves identifying and analyzing relevant literature on the topic of their research. Data collection and analysis are also a focus in this type of capstone project, with students demonstrating mastery in learning how to collect and analyze data and showcasing various methods such as surveys, interviews, and even experiments. They are also taught how to use statistical software, such as Tableau and Power BI , to analyze data and draw conclusions. 

It’s also standard for these courses to focus on writing and presentation skills, with students learning how to write a clear, concise, and well-structured research paper or project relating to their major or focus. They are taught how to use proper citation and referencing techniques, as well as how to present their findings in a professional and engaging manner.

Completing a capstone research paper or major project course is crucial for students to acquire the skills and expertise needed to conduct research and present their findings in a comprehensive manner. It serves as a culminating showcase of their academic achievements.

Internship or Field Program

An internship or field placement program is an opportunity for students to gain practical experience in their field of study. It typically involves working for a company or organization for a set period of time. 

The benefits of an internship or field program include gaining hands-on experience, building professional networks, and developing skills that can be applied in future careers within the field of study. It also provides an opportunity to explore different career paths and industries and to learn from experienced professionals.

To find an internship or field program, students can search online job boards, attend career fairs, or reach out to companies directly. Researching the company and the position is vital to ensure it aligns with career goals and interests. In addition, some programs offer professional partnerships that connect students and businesses in established internship programs. 

During the internship or field placement program, it’s essential to ask questions, be proactive and take on responsibilities. This can eventually lead to a positive reference or even a job offer. Maintaining a professional attitude and work ethic is also important, as the experience can impact future career opportunities.

Portfolio-Building Course

A portfolio-building course is designed to help individuals create a professional portfolio that showcases their skills and accomplishments. The course covers key points such as identifying your target audience, selecting a suitable format for your portfolio, creating a solid visual design, and selecting the best pieces to include. 

These courses are designed to showcase the creativity and ingenuity of the student. Additionally, a portfolio-building course provides guidance on writing compelling descriptions and captions for each focus piece included. It also offers tips for presenting your portfolio to the necessary stakeholders, like professors, advisors, and even prospective employers.

By the end of the course, participants should have a polished portfolio that can be used to showcase their work to potential employers or clients. 

Group Project Course

A group project course is designed to allow students to work collaboratively on a project that requires them to apply the knowledge and skills they have acquired in their respective fields of study. The course covers key points such as project planning, team building, communication, problem-solving, and project management. Students are expected to work in teams to identify a problem, develop and execute a project plan, and clearly present their findings. 

A group project course also emphasizes the importance of effective communication within the team and with external stakeholders. Through this course, students develop critical thinking, leadership, and teamwork skills essential for success in their future careers.

What Is the Goal of a Capstone Project?

A capstone project aims to demonstrate a student’s mastery of a particular subject or field of study. It is typically a culminating project that integrates and applies the knowledge and skills acquired throughout the course of a degree program. The project may involve research, analysis, problem-solving, and creative work, and it should demonstrate the student’s ability to think critically, communicate effectively, and work independently. The ultimate aim of a capstone project is to produce high-quality, original work that contributes to the student’s academic and professional development.

What Programs Usually Require Capstones?

Capstones are usually required in programs that involve hands-on learning and the practical application of skills. These programs typically include engineering, computer science, business, healthcare, education, and social sciences. Capstones require students to demonstrate their mastery of the subject matter through a comprehensive project or presentation. Capstones are often required in graduate programs as a way to exhibit a student’s research and analytical skills.

How to Choose a Capstone Topic

After dedicating time and effort to your academic program, the following requirement is to select a unique interest topic that will embody all the knowledge and academic growth attained throughout your studies. How do you choose a capstone topic? What determines what kind of topic is most suitable?

• Identify your interests and passions : Choose a topic that you are passionate about and interested in. This will make the research process more enjoyable and engaging, not only for the student but also for the audience.
• Consider your career goals : Examine your future career goals and choose a topic that aligns with them. This will help you gain relevant skills and knowledge that will be useful in your future career.
• Research current trends and issues : Look for current trends and issues in your field of study and choose a topic that addresses them. This will make your capstone project more relevant and impactful.
• Consult with your advisor : Consult with your capstone advisor to get their input and guidance on choosing a topic. They can provide valuable insights and help you narrow down your options.
• Consider the scope and feasibility : Choose a topic that is manageable in terms of scope and feasibility. Make sure you have access to the necessary resources, equipment, and data to complete your project successfully.
• Brainstorm and refine your ideas : Brainstorm a list of potential topics and then refine them based on your interests, career goals, and feasibility. Choose a topic that you are excited about and can confidently expound upon.

The Six Components of a Capstone Paper

A comprehensive capstone paper typically consists of six key components that are essential for its success. These components include an introduction , literature review , methodology , discussion , conclusion , and recommendations . 

1. Introduction

The introduction section of a capstone paper is a crucial part of the document that sets the tone for the entire project. It should cover the key points of the paper, including the purpose, scope, and significance of the research. The introduction should also provide a clear and concise thesis statement that outlines the central argument or focus of the paper. 

2. Literature Review

The literature review section of a capstone paper provides an overview of the existing research and knowledge on the topic. It covers key points related to the research question or problem statement and helps establish the study’s overall context. The literature review should be comprehensive, well-organized, and focused on the most relevant and recent sources. It should also identify gaps in the literature and highlight the need for further research. 

3. Methodology

The methodology section should provide a clear and detailed description of the research methods used in the capstone project and should demonstrate that the research was conducted in a rigorous and ethical manner. 

• Research design : This section should describe the overall approach to the research, including the type of study (e.g., qualitative, quantitative, mixed-methods), the research questions or hypotheses, and the sampling strategy.
• Data collection : This section should describe the methods used to collect data, such as surveys, interviews, or observational data sources. It should also consider any instruments or tools used to collect data, such as questionnaires or interview guides.
• Ethical considerations : This section should examine any ethical considerations related to the research, such as confidentiality and privacy.
• Limitations : This section should review any research limitations. This involves acknowledging any weaknesses or shortcomings in the research and discussing how they may have affected the results, such as sample size, data quality, or financial resources.

4. Discussion

The discussion section of a capstone paper summarizes the findings of the research and provides an analysis of the results. Key points include:

• Summary of findings : The discussion section should begin with a brief summary of the main findings of the research. This should include a concise critique of the results and their significance.
• Interpretation of the results : This portion of the discussion section should offer an analysis of the data and clarify what it means in the context of the original research question.
• Comparison with previous research : The discussion section should also compare the research results to prior studies in the field. This helps to contextualize original findings and identify any similarities or differences.
• Implications of the findings : Another critical component of the discussion section should also discuss the impact of the findings on the field of study. This involves classifying any practical applications of the research and examining how the results can be used to inform future research.

5. Conclusion

The conclusion of a capstone research paper strives to objectively present the data or information that you gathered throughout the entire capstone project. The story you tell will point readers to any figures and tables that illustrate relevant data and tie it back to the general purpose of the research. The overall goal is to bring it all back to the initial hypothesis.

6. Recommendations

Capstone research papers typically include a recommendations section, which provides recommendations for future research related to the topic. This involves identifying areas where further research is needed and suggesting potential avenues for future study.

Additionally, this section can be derived directly from the research findings, providing readers with concrete examples and recommendations based on the data and its implications.

Capstone Project vs. Thesis Paper

Capstone projects and thesis papers are both important academic assignments that students may be required to complete in order to graduate from their degree programs. While they share some similarities, there are also some key differences between the two.

A capstone project is typically a final project that allows students to showcase the knowledge and skills they have gained throughout their academic program and apply them to real-world problems and issues. They take many forms, including research papers, case studies, presentations, or even creative projects like portfolios. These projects often involve collaboration with other students or professionals in the field and may require the use of primary research methods.

By contrast, a thesis paper is a more traditional academic research paper focusing on a specific research question or hypothesis. It typically involves a thorough literature review, data collection, and analysis, as well as a detailed discussion of the findings. Thesis papers are often written by students pursuing graduate degrees and are intended to contribute new knowledge to the field.

While both capstone projects and thesis papers require a significant amount of research and critical thinking, capstone projects tend to be more practical and applied, while thesis papers are more theoretical and research-focused. Additionally, capstone projects often involve more collaboration and may require students to work with external stakeholders, while thesis papers are typically completed independently. 

Both assignments can be valuable learning experiences and can help students develop important skills that will be useful in their future careers.

Dissertation

At its core, a dissertation is a lengthy and detailed research paper that is typically written by students pursuing a doctoral degree. It is a formal document that presents original research and findings on a specific topic or issue. Much like a thesis paper or capstone project, a dissertation requires extensive research, critical analysis, and a thorough understanding of the subject matter. 

By comparison, a dissertation is a research project that is typically required for a doctoral degree, while a capstone project is a culminating project that is required for a master’s degree . In a similar regard, a thesis paper is similar to a dissertation in that it is a research project, but it is typically required for a master’s degree. 

The main distinction between a dissertation and a capstone project or thesis paper lies in the academic level they are intended for and the breadth of the research involved. Dissertations usually involve more comprehensive research and require original findings, whereas capstone projects and thesis papers may concentrate on utilizing existing knowledge to address a particular problem or concern.

A “capstone” project is the crowning achievement of an academic program, as it combines all the skills and knowledge gained into a culminating conclusion. Typically the capstone is the final piece of work or project that wraps up the entire academic program and represents a significant milestone in academic and professional development.

Although they are similar, capstone projects and thesis papers differ at their core. The level of difficulty depends on various factors, such as the project’s topic, scope, and requirements. However, a capstone project may generally be considered less intensive than a thesis paper, as it typically involves the practical application of knowledge and skills, while a thesis paper requires extensive research and analysis of a specific topic.

The length of time it takes to complete a capstone project can vary depending on the specific requirements of the project and the program. Capstone projects can take anywhere from a few weeks to several months to complete. Therefore, project planning and time management are required to ensure that you are able to complete the project within the given timeframe.

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What Is the Difference Between a Capstone and a Thesis?

Kristine tucker.

The main difference between a capstone project and a thesis is that a capstone project addresses a specific problem, issue or concern in your field of study, and a thesis attempts to create new knowledge. A capstone project focuses on a narrow, specific topic , whereas a thesis addresses a broader, generalized issue .

Explore this article

• Capstone Project: Coursework Application
• Capstone Project: Select a Narrow Topic
• Thesis Paper: Create and Prove or Disprove a Hypothesis
• Thesis Paper: Professional Considerations

1 Capstone Project: Coursework Application

A capstone project tests your understanding of core concepts in your field of study and requires you to apply them to current situations. For example, a capstone project might require you to produce a solution to a business or scientific problem. Capstone projects don't require original research, but you must perform background analysis, conduct library research, examine similar projects and review best practices, according to the University of North Carolina. Capstone projects may be completed individually or in small groups . Some undergraduate and graduate programs require students to complete capstone projects to graduate. Consult your adviser about specific capstone requirements.

2 Capstone Project: Select a Narrow Topic

Choose a narrow topic for a capstone project, for which you can provide expertise and a comprehensive analysis. For example, your capstone project might address how a lack of protein affects elementary students' classroom learning or why some consumers are more likely to buy impulsively. In some cases, a capstone project deals with a specific company that's trying to improve productivity or solve a workplace concern. Most capstone projects require a written paper of approximately 15 to 25 pages, according to the University of Colorado. Your adviser may require you to present your project in public and complete a self-reflective evaluation.

3 Thesis Paper: Create and Prove or Disprove a Hypothesis

A thesis paper differs from a capstone project because you must create new knowledge by developing a hypothesis, conducting data analysis, assessing your results, drawing conclusions from your research and comparing your results to others. "A thesis paper feels more like the scientific method than a field project," according to the University of Wisconsin. You must work independently on a thesis instead of doing group projects . Thesis papers are generally reserved for graduate students.

4 Thesis Paper: Professional Considerations

A thesis paper is beneficial to students who plan to enter a Ph.D. program or conduct individual research related to their postgraduate studies or long-term careers. It's more time-consuming than a capstone project and is worth more academic credit hours. A thesis paper can be completed over several semesters, but a capstone project is generally a single-semester requirement . Course instructors and faculty advisers grade capstone projects, but a larger thesis committee grades thesis papers.

• 1 University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh Department of Public Administration: Capstone, Field Project or Thesis?
• 2 University of Colorado Boulder Interdisciplinary Telecom Program: Capstone Versus Thesis
• 3 University of Washington: What Is the Difference Between a Capstone Project and a MasterFINAL.docx

About the Author

As curriculum developer and educator, Kristine Tucker has enjoyed the plethora of English assignments she's read (and graded!) over the years. Her experiences as vice-president of an energy consulting firm have given her the opportunity to explore business writing and HR. Tucker has a BA and holds Ohio teaching credentials.

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Home » Education » What is the Difference Between Capstone and Thesis

What is the Difference Between Capstone and Thesis

The main difference between capstone and thesis is that capstone involves using existing knowledge to solve a problem in a particular field of study, whereas thesis is more scholarly in nature and contribute new knowledge to a particular field of study

Both capstone and thesis serve as the final projects of an academic course. They require a long-term commitment as students will have to spend a lot of time on their research. When done successfully, they can serve as the basis of a student’s professional portfolio.

Key Areas Covered

1.  What is a Capstone       – Definition, Features 2.  What is a Thesis     – Definition, Features 3.  Difference Between Capstone and Thesis      – Comparison of Key Differences

What is a Capstone

A capstone is a multilayered project that serves as a culminating academic experience for students, typically at the end of an academic program. Moreover, a capstone project may take many forms. In such projects, students select a topic or social problem that interests them, conduct research on that subject, record the results or findings, create a final product, showcasing their conclusions, as well as their learning acquisition. The final product can take many forms, such as papers, multimedia presentations, and short films. Students may also have to do an oral presentation on the project in front of a panel of teachers and experts who will evaluate the quality of the project.

Capstone projects encourage students to think critically and face challenges. They can also develop skills such as research skills, media literacy, teamwork, planning, goal setting, oral communication, public speaking, and self-sufficiency. These skills will help students in their careers as well as adult life. Furthermore, these projects tend to be interdisciplinary, i.e., students have to use various skills and research issues across many different domains of knowledge.

What is a Thesis

A thesis or dissertation is a long research paper that typically serves as the final project for a university degree. Submitting a thesis is generally required for completing undergraduate honours, masters , and doctoral degrees . The theses are very long and may contain hundreds of pages. They are also scholarly in nature and allows students to contribute valuable research in their field of study.

Moreover, a major part of a thesis work involves research and writing. It generally has advanced research design and analysis. When writing a thesis, the students will have to prove or disapprove a hypothesis , and their conclusions have to be backed by extensive research and an insightful, learned description of how they got to that conclusion. In some degree programs, students also have to perform an oral defence of the thesis paper in front of a panel of experts.

Parts of a Thesis

These are the components you will usually find in a thesis paper.

• Title Page                       
• Abstract           
• Table of Contents           
• List of Figures
• List of Tables           
• Introduction           
• Methods           
• Discussion             
• Conclusions
• Recommendations           
• Acknowledgements
• References             

Difference Between Capstone and Thesis

A capstone is a multilayered project that serves as a culminating academic experience for students, typically at the end of an academic program, whereas a thesis is a long research paper that typically serves as the final project for a university degree.

A thesis is more scholarly in nature than a capstone project.

Level of Education

Capstone projects can be done by high school students, college students, etc., whereas theses are required in higher levels of academia, usually in undergraduate honours degrees, masters, or doctorate levels.

Final Product

In a capstone project, the final product can take many forms, for example, paper, multimedia presentation, short film, etc. However, in a thesis, the final product is always a paper.

A capstone is a multilayered project that serves as a culminating academic experience for students, typically at the end of an academic program, whereas a thesis is a long research paper that typically serves as the final project for a university degree. Moreover, a thesis is more scholarly in nature than a capstone project. Therefore, this is is the main difference between capstone and thesis.

1. Stute, Martin. “ How to Write Your Thesis .” How to Write a Thesis. 2. “ Capstone Project Definition .” The Glossary of Education Reform, 23 Mar. 2016.

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The Difference between a Dissertation and Doctoral Capstone

Dissertations are common, what people rarely hear of is the doctoral capstone. The essence of writing this article is to establish the difference between a dissertation and doctoral capstone. To begin with, we have to look at the points of convergence between the two high-powered academic documents. Every doctoral program is meant to equip students with adequate research skills in their workplaces and in the community. To complete a doctoral capstone or a dissertation, a student needs to prepare intensely and have a strong foundation in research. They are academic documents done in the final year of the course, which determine whether a student qualifies or not. The outcome of the task should be something that demonstrates your academic rigor and is publishable.

Let us shift our focus to the difference between a dissertation and doctoral capstone. On the one hand, the outcome of a dissertation is the traditional five-chapter document that the student presents for examination. The doctoral capstone, on the other hand, is often presented in two parts, of which one is a deliverable—can be a paper of publishable length, a portfolio, policy manual, curriculum, change management plan or a software. The other part is the final report where the student describes the process of creating the deliverable and the relevant scholarly information that support it. This part requires excellent writing skills and as such; the student must be prepared to on how to go about it.

The focus of the two documents also differs; on the one hand, a dissertation should be an original contribution that a student makes to the body of literature and theory in a given discipline. The researcher should identify a gap in the existing body of works and suggest ways addressing the problems. In most colleges and universities around the world, a PhD dissertation is expected to offer solutions to real-world problems and be relevant to the field the student if specializing on. However, some colleges have a ‘no dissertation’ option for their students. The disciplines or the colleges that have no doctoral research project as a mandatory component of the course requires the students to attain their PhDs by coursework, but even then, they have to be equipped with research skills.

On the other hand, a doctoral capstoneis supposed to allow the researcher to extend the research to deliver a solution immediately to an issue within the discipline and in a real-world setting. Unlike a dissertation, there can be several forms of a doctoral capstone deliverable. First, it could be the writing of software aimed at solving a specific technical problem. Secondly, it can be in form a new of curriculum meant to solve a specific problem in nursing practice education.

Dissertations and doctoral capstones are both significant academic projects typically required for the completion of doctoral degrees, such as a Ph.D. or a Doctor of Education (Ed.D.). While they share some similarities, they also have key differences:

• Dissertation : The primary purpose of a dissertation is to contribute original research to the field, advancing knowledge in a specific area.
• Doctoral Capstone : A doctoral capstone often focuses on practical applications of existing research, addressing real-world issues, or demonstrating expertise in a particular field.

Research Approach :

• Dissertation : Dissertations involve original research, extensive literature reviews, data collection, and the development of new theories or insights.
• Doctoral Capstone : Doctoral capstones typically emphasize synthesizing existing research, applying knowledge, and often involve projects, case studies, or policy analyses.
• Dissertation : Dissertations tend to be more extensive in terms of length and depth. They can be lengthy, ranging from 150 to 300 pages or more.
• Doctoral Capstone : Doctoral capstones are generally shorter and more focused, often ranging from 50 to 150 pages.
• Dissertation : Dissertations are primarily intended for an academic audience, such as professors, researchers, and scholars.
• Doctoral Capstone : Doctoral capstones are often geared toward a broader audience, including practitioners, policymakers, or professionals in the field.

Originality :

• Dissertation : Originality and contribution to the academic discourse are crucial in a dissertation. It should offer new insights or perspectives.
• Doctoral Capstone : While still scholarly, capstones may prioritize the application of existing knowledge rather than the creation of new knowledge.
• Dissertation : Doctoral candidates typically defend their dissertations before a committee of experts in the field.
• Doctoral Capstone : Capstone projects may involve presentations or discussions with faculty, but the defense process is generally less formal.

Degree Types :

• Dissertation : Commonly associated with Ph.D. programs and some research-oriented Ed.D. programs.
• Doctoral Capstone : More commonly associated with professional doctorate degrees like the Ed.D., DNP (Doctor of Nursing Practice), or DBA (Doctor of Business Administration).
• Dissertation : Completed near the end of a doctoral program after coursework and comprehensive exams.
• Doctoral Capstone : Often integrated into the curriculum, with students working on it throughout their program.

It's important to note that the specific requirements and expectations for dissertations and doctoral capstones can vary between institutions and even within different doctoral programs. Always consult your program's guidelines and speak with your advisor to understand the specific requirements for your degree.

The difference between a dissertation and doctoral capstone can also be seen in the period to their completion. There is a variation in that while the former can take between one to two and a half years, the latter can take between six months to one year or more. These variations in period depend on the kind of program you are undertaking. The debate around the doctoral project vs dissertation should be clear on the fact in both cases; the reduction of time to completion does not mean in any way that a topic is less rigorous. Both are time-consuming and demanding, which means if you are a taking a doctoral study in any of the two, you have to prepare for long hours of study, less of sleep and a lot of headache. Alternative, you can contact NursingWritingServices.com for assistance with your nursing capstone papers.

Our company is one that you can always rely on for the best online Nursing Admission Essay Writing Service , exclusive for studnets. Working with us simply means working with the best. Try today!

NursingWritingServices.com is a reputable online platform that provides top-notch nursing writing services to students and professionals in the healthcare industry. The website is dedicated to offering high-quality academic and professional writing services to meet the unique needs of individuals seeking nursing-related help.

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Introduction

Submitting your thesis/dissertation for publication, need help frustrated do you have writer's block, guidelines and forms, resources to help you with your thesis, dissertation or capstone project.

• Surviving & Thriving in Graduate School

All graduate programs at Lewis University are required to include a culminating capstone experience in the curriculum.  The most appropriate capstone experience for each program is determined by the faculty of that program. Doctoral capstone experiences generally include a dissertation requirement or a scholarly integrative project.  A Master’s Program Capstone is defined by the University as:

A capstone is a culminating experience of rigorous academic achievement: (a) integrating knowledge from one’s discipline(s); (b) applying specific knowledge; (c) demonstrating knowledge and expertise to the appropriate disciplinary community; and (d) illustrating readiness for transition into more advanced professional or academic pursuits. Capstones consist of program directed experiences, which may include a comprehensive examination, group or individual project, thesis, research/scholarly paper, internship/practicum, or other appropriate culminating academic experiences representative of one’s discipline(s).

This page provides the graduate student with important institutional information to prepare for successful completion of a graduate capstone project, a thesis, or a dissertation, as required by the program. The Doctoral Dissertation Guidelines and the Master’s Thesis Guidelines provide essential information in understanding the prerequisites and minimum standards required by Lewis University.

The Graduate P rogram Director and the student’s advisor are the best source of information relevant to individual program requirements for successfully completing a culminating capstone experience within that program. 

Additionally, please check out the other sections on this page for assistance on writing, publishing and seeking copyright protection for your work.

Publishing Your Thes is

The student is not required to publish his/her thesis; however, the student is highly encouraged to submit article(s) from their thesis for publication in a professional journal of the discipline. If the student wishes to publish the thesis as an entity, the thesis must be reviewed and approved for style and formatting by the Office of Graduate Studies.                                                     

Publishing Your Dissertation

Why Should You Use ProQuest?

Graduate students all over the world submit dissertations and theses to ProQuest and access the world’s trusted repository for graduate research ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. In addition, researchers can cross-search this content with curated collections of scholarly journals, ebooks, news content, reports, working papers and more — across disciplines. ProQuest delivers resources that support academic and professional success.

At any point you have questions or need any help with your research, please feel free to contact us and we will be glad to assist you.  please check out our resources on-line (workshops, writing assistance, study room, etc.) or schedule an appointment with a librarian..

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Thesis vs. Capstone: Do You Know the Difference?

Find out the difference between a thesis and a capstone project.

As you prepare to complete your degree program, you may experience more freedom of choice in your options for a culminating assignment. A thesis or capstone project requires you to prove your understanding of vital concepts associated with your chosen profession. Both of these projects are important parts of completing your degree, but they are very different in both process and presentation. Whether your degree program requires one of these projects or you get to choose, it's important to understand what the project entails. Understanding what you're facing will help you plan and do your best work. Here's a guide to help you understand the distinction between a thesis vs. a capstone.

What Is a Thesis?

A thesis, also known as a "dissertation," is a culminating research paper and a requirement for many universities. It serves as the final step to completing your master's or doctoral degree. A thesis is a scholarly paper that requires  careful planning , thought, and research. The goal is to write a thesis that contributes something valuable to your area of study or future profession.

(a). Planning Your Thesis

In your thesis, you'll attempt to prove or disprove your hypothesis. You should begin the research process early in your degree program. This allows you to conduct research and work with an advisor or dissertation committee along the way. In most cases, you will submit a letter of intent that defines your topic. You must describe why you chose the topic and your plan for the paper itself. Typically, the subject matter for your thesis is your choice. You must narrow the purpose for your research in a one or two sentence thesis statement.

(b). The Thesis Statement

Think of your thesis statement as an answer to a question. Your answer is your position on the matter-at-hand. Your thesis can be either argumentative, analytical, or expository. Writing a thesis statement takes work. And you may need to write several versions before settling on a final statement.

(c). Writing Your Thesis

The most time-consuming aspect of your thesis will be the time you spend researching and writing. You must back your conclusions with extensive research and provide scholarly information and descriptions of how you reached your conclusions. Depending on your field of study, you may have to do an in-person oral defense of your paper. In some situations, you may be able to do an online presentation. You must provide evidence of advanced research, thoughtful analysis, and meaningful contribution to your field.

What Is a Capstone Project?

A capstone project or course comes at the end of your bachelor's or master's degree program. It's not a final exam. Instead, the goal is to test your research and critical thinking skills in a way that demonstrates your knowledge of the subject matter. A capstone project can take various forms. These include:

• A  research paper  that includes various elements of your degree program.
• A plan or proposal where you address a problem you may see in your chosen profession.
• A simulation where you propose solutions to real-world challenges.

Simulations in a group setting may require you to lead, strategize, and delegate to solve a problem or pursue a goal. Depending on the university you attend, you may have the freedom to choose your own capstone project, or your instructor may choose one for you.

Thesis and Capstone Similarities

Although there are many differences between the thesis and capstone tracks, they are similar in a variety of ways. The following points are true for both thesis and capstone requirements.

• Both allow the student to show their unique understanding of a topic.
• Both attempt to address an area of interest and its relevance in the world.
• Both are culminating assignments involving the presentation of data or arguments.

Capstone or Thesis Requirements in Nursing

Most undergraduate nursing programs require a capstone, while most master's programs require a thesis. Undergraduates often write and complete a capstone project over the course of a final semester. Graduate students can spend one to three years writing a thesis. A program of study may include a practicum or internship as part of the requirements for the capstone or thesis. However, this is more common with capstone requirements. Both capstones and theses require a student to demonstrate the knowledge they've gained through their college courses. 

Nursing Thesis Format

A nursing thesis is a research paper that requires extensive quantitative or qualitative research. The thesis normally takes 2-3 years to complete. Different programs have their own requirements, so the time involved may vary. In a typical nursing program, students take a course that introduces them to research and the requirements for a thesis. This helps to keep them on track for meeting due dates throughout the research process. Once a student has completed all the requirements for their thesis, they will defend their findings before a panel. Most students will present alone, but some nursing programs allow students to work with a partner or in a small group.

Nursing Capstone Format

Although nursing capstone requirements vary, most programs include one to two courses to complete a capstone. During the senior year of college, students work on a capstone project or research paper. Part of the capstone requirement may include working in a hospital or other healthcare facility under the guidance of a clinical preceptor. Students gain on-the-job professional experience and conduct research on a clinical or theoretical issue in nursing. When the capstone is complete, students present their research and findings for review.

Grading for Thesis vs. Capstone

After a student completes their thesis presentation, a committee deliberates to decide whether or not the student passed. The panel may include an advisor and faculty members who worked with the student during the thesis process. Students present their research and answer questions from the panel. They must adequately defend their research findings in order to pass. The thesis defense process can last half an hour to several hours. In some cases, the process may be open to the public.

Before a  capstone course  begins, students should receive guidelines for the course expectations and a detailed rubric. When the capstone is complete, the capstone panel evaluates each project based on set criteria. Students may receive a letter indicating whether they passed or failed. A student who fails the capstone course may file an appeal or repeat the course the following year.

Making the Commitment

If you've wondered about the difference between thesis vs. capstone, you can see they have very different requirements but share a similar purpose. Both require dedication and a lengthy commitment to an academic pursuit. Once your capstone or thesis process is complete, you're one step closer to your dreams of a career or further study. If you need assistance planning, writing, or editing your capstone, master's thesis, or a doctoral dissertation,  our talented writers  are available to assist you.

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