dissertation on free quality education

Free Education: Origins, Achievements, and Current Situation

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• Michael M. Kretzer 6  

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals ((ENUNSDG))

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Free Education is defined as the abolishment of school fees. In general, two types of fees exist. Firstly, direct fees or costs such as tuition fees or textbook fees and so on, which means they are spent directly on education. Secondly, indirect fees or costs, which are not directly used for educational purposes, but are a necessity, such as travel expenses to school. There is, however, no consensus about a definition of Free Education or Free Primary Education (FPE), as the predominantly used terminology are used equivalent (Inoue and Oketch 2008 : 44). Free Education is mainly seen as FPE and includes the abolishment of tuition or textbook fees (UNESCO 2002 ). Hence, Free Education is limited most of the time to primary schools and the abolishment of direct fees, but it does not mean a totally free and cost-free education for parents. Research has shown that the best is to lower the direct and the indirect costs for education, as this increases the chances of children being...

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Kretzer, M.M. (2020). Free Education: Origins, Achievements, and Current Situation. In: Leal Filho, W., Azul, A.M., Brandli, L., Özuyar, P.G., Wall, T. (eds) Quality Education. Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95870-5_93

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Home > Dissertations and Theses > Education (PhD) Dissertations

Education (PhD) Dissertations

Below is a selection of dissertations from the Attallah College of Educational Studies. Additional dissertations from years prior to 2019 are available through the Leatherby Libraries' print collection or in Proquest's Dissertations and Theses database.

Dissertations from 2024 2024

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Investigating Factors Influencing Chinese Private College Students’ Engagement in Emergency Online Learning , Limei Cao

“Caught in the Continuum”: How Special Educators Facilitate Access for Students With Extensive Support Needs , Megan Doty

Exploring Community College Faculty and Administrators Work Providing Educational Opportunities for Students with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD): An Integral Framework for Inclusive Postsecondary Education , Stacy Eldred

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Influences of Cultural Capital and Internationalization on Global Competence: Evidence from China’s Higher Vocational Education , Yiying Teng

Visit the Imprisoned: A Heuristic Inquiry into the Experiences of Catholic Detention Ministry Volunteers , Christopher Tran

Factors Influencing College Students’ Learning Satisfaction With Educational Videos , Fei Wang

A Positive Psychology Perspective on Chinese EFL Students’ Well-Being, Language Mindset, and English Performance , Qian Wei

Becoming and Thriving as an EFL Instructor: Exploring Key Factors Contributing to Positive Identity Construction , Weiyi Xia

Fair or Unfair? Chinese Undergraduates’ Perceptions of College Classroom Assessments , Ying Zhu

Dissertations from 2023 2023

All Things Weird and Wonderful: A Creative Exploration of Disability Representation , Lara Ameen

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Understanding the Relationship Between Organic Chemistry Misconceptions and Students’ Chemistry Self-efficacy in Higher Education Organic Chemistry Courses , Lauren A. Dudley

Women’s Pornography Use and Sexuality Education in U.S. Public Schools , Julie Fraumeni-McBride

Educator Professional Development in Universal Design for Learning and Social-Emotional Learning: A Collective Case Study , Sara Morgan

Phenomenological Study on Veteran Resource Center (VRC) in California Community Colleges , Darl Park

Equipped for Change: A Grounded Theory Study of White Antiracist School Leaders’ Attitudes and Perceptions of Racial Consciousness in Educational Leadership , Thomas Joseph Peterson

A Discourse Analysis of Parents' and Teachers' Social Constructions of School Readiness and Transition to Kindergarten for Children With Disabilities , Ronica Senores Toyota

How Market-Driven Policies Impact a Private Vocational College Department in China , Huiru Zhu

Dissertations from 2022 2022

Disabled IDF Veterans in Israeli Higher Education: Disability Identity and Use of Support , Einat Ben Dov

A Critical Discourse Analysis of Teacher Preparation Standards within Inclusion-Intensive States , Kay Lynn Ceja

Beta Drift: Forecasting the Manifold Relationships between Students and their Pursuit of STEM Careers , Douglas D. Havard

Radical Belonging: School as Communion of Peoples, Place, and Power , Joey Yung-Jun Liu

“I Just Learn Differently”: The Experiences of Dis/abled Students of Color Interpreting and Resisting Normalizing Forces in the Mathematics Classroom , Dina Mahmood

The Efficacy of a Key Word Signing Workshop , Krista McMorran-Maus

The Relationship Among Social and Psychological Inclusion, Marginalized Group Membership, and Student Outcomes , Katheryn Munguia

Higher Education Housing Professionals and Disability: A Grounded Theory Exploration of Resident Directors’ Understandings of Disability , Christopher Toutain

Dissertations from 2021 2021

Understanding First-Generation Latinx Students' Experiences in a Predominantly White Private Institution: A Grounded Theory Study , Jacqueline Aparicio

Constructing Critical Change: Learning from Elementary Teachers' Engagement with Inclusive Critical Education , Courtney Beatty

Fighting An Uphill Battle: Black Undergraduate Women Navigating Higher Education While Acknowledging and Challenging Media Portrayals of Black Women , Kandace Branch

Community College Success of Students with Disabilities , Shayne Brophy-Felbab

Searching for Balance: The Reading Choices, Experiences, and Habits of Women in Higher Education Leadership Roles , Laura Burns

Leading Climate Action Planning: A Case Study of Local Community Practices , Mackenzie Crigger

Bidimensional Assessment of Youth Mental Health: Evaluation of the California Healthy Kids Survey as a Measure of Youth Subjective Well-Being , Michael Doria

Exploring the Relationship Between Religion and Resilience Among Latina Academics in Higher Education , Rocio Garcia

Special Education Parent Perceptions of Involvement and Parent–Educator Relationships During IEP Meetings at Nonpublic Schools , Alex Huynen

Systemic Functional Linguistics in the Community College Composition Class: A Multimodal Approach to Teaching Composition Using the Metalanguage of SFL , Jennifer James

School Psychologists as Leaders in Professional Practice: An Examination of Leadership Roles and Perceived Support , Jodi LaChance

An Examination of Chinese Private College Students’ Intercultural Competence , Li Li

Relationships Among Mentoring Support and Student Success in a Chinese First-Year Experience Program , Tianxiang Liu

Contributing to Engineering Colleges Students' Development Through Out-of-Class Involvement: A Survey of Chinese Private Colleges' Engineering Students , Wanlu Li

Understanding the Lived Experiences of Autistic Adults , Sneha Kohli Mathur

Using a Dual-Factor Model to Understand the Mental Health of Students with School Refusal Behavior , Zachary D. Maupin

The Effects of Internationalization Activities on Undergraduates' Global Competence: An Exploratory Study at A Chinese Private University , Haiying Meng

Resilience and Mental Health of Students Attending California's Continuation High Schools , Brianna Meshke McLay

'Training' the Body Politic: Essays on the School Reform Orthodoxy , Jahan Naghshineh

Mitigating Risks for Youth in At-Risk Living Conditions Through School-Based Protective Factors , Cora Palma

Seeing the Tress For the Forest: An Analysis of Novice and Experienced Teachers' Self-Efficacy and Stress , Allison Serceki

An Examination of Chinese Undergraduates’ Contemplativity and Academic Stress , Ran Tao

Teachers’ Experiences of a District’s Transformational Leadership Design Program: A Qualitative Study , Jarit Unrau

California Elected City Council Women of Color: Building a Collaborative Vision With Inclusive Voice , Beatriz T. Valencia

Equality of Educational Opportunity in China: Factors from Family, School, and Shadow Education , Qin Xiang

An Examination of Chinese Adolescents’ Resilience and Their Perceptions of Parental and Peer Attachment , Jingwen Xing

Do Academic Characteristics Predict Chinese Private University Students’ Success in English Language Testing? , Feijun Yu

Empathy Among Nursing Undergraduates at a Chinese Private University , Yuanyuan Zhang

A Study of Critical Thinking Dispositions of Undergraduates in Foreign Language Discipline at One Private College in Mainland China , Yuanyuan Zheng

Dissertations from 2020 2020

Hidden Power: Journalistic Representations of Mental Health Labels , Elise Anguizola Assaf

Finding Voice from the Inside: How Postsecondary Education Impacted Perceptions of Higher Education for Long-Term Incarcerated Juveniles , Gregory Barraza

Experienced Pediatric Oncology Nurses Using Self-Reflective Practices in the Clinical Setting: A Descriptive Phenomenological Investigation , Daniel Josue Bonilla

The Labyrinth of Autism: Heuristic Journeys of Fathers Who Have a Child on the Autism Spectrum , Lisa Boskovich

Developing Trust in a Cross-Functional Workgroup: Assessing the Effectiveness of a Communication Intervention , Scott De Long

A Place of Yes? Experiences of Educators Participating in Site-based Teacher-led Reform , Elizabeth Hind

Vietnamese Resilience Assessment: Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Scale Validation , Loan Le

School Psychologists and School Counselors’ Perceptions of Preparation Received for the Provision of School-Based Mental Health Services , Sherika McKenzie

The Perceived Effectiveness of School-Based Accommodations for Students with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus , MaryAnn Seng

Secondary Traumatic Stress in Teachers and School Communities Impacted by the Opioid Epidemic , Anne Steketee

Performative Possibilities in the Development of Protagonistic Agency Among Graduate Students in China , Yan Wang

Dissertations from 2019 2019

Laughing Back: A Phenomenological Study of Disability Humor Using Culturally Responsive Methodologies , Kinda Abujbarah

Women’s Right and Education in Saudi Arabia: Raising Critical Consciousness in Arabic Studies Courses in Female High Schools in Saudi Arabia , Eman Almutairi

Exploring Gender Roles and Gender Equality within the Evangelical Church , Christopher Bishop

Minding the Gap: A Grounded Theory Exploration of Transition from Secondary School to Community College for Students Identified with Autism , Douglas Highlen

#BLACKQUEERLIVESMATTER: Understanding the Lived Experiences of Black Gay Male Leaders in Los Angeles , Christopher Jackson

The Power of Partnership: Understanding the Dynamic of Co-Teaching Pairs , Amanda M. Lozolla

The Intersection of Speech-Language Pathologists’ Beliefs, Perceptions, and Practices and the Language Acquisition and Development of Emerging Aided Communicators , Margaret Vento-Wilson

On the Move: Storying the Authentic Leadership Development of Millennial Gay Men , Kyle Williams

The Media, Education, and the State: Arts-Based Research and a Marxist Analysis of the Syrian Refugee Crisis , Meng Zhao

Dissertations from 2018 2018

Collegiate Women in Saudi Arabia: Leading Collectively for the Development of Self, Others, and Society , Miznah Alomair

Counter-stories of First-Generation Latinx Alumnae: A Critical Race Theory Analysis , Pamela Ezell

Practitioner Research in Schools: Revealing the Efficacy Agency Cycle , Edward Resnick

An Analysis of Mentoring and Job Satisfaction in Public and Private College and University Academic Libraries in California , Kevin M. Ross

Dissertations from 2017 2017

Queer Teachers in Catholic Schools: Cosmic Perceptions of an Easter People , Kevin Stockbridge

Dissertations from 2016 2016

Young, Urban, Professional, and Kenyan?: Conversations Surrounding Tribal Identity and Nationhood , Charlotte Achieng-Evensen

Inside/Outside/In-between: Understanding how Jewish Identity Impacts the Lives and Narratives of Ashkenazi Female Public School Educators , Mindi Ellen Benditson

The Repatriation Experiences of American Third Culture Kids , Nicole Mazzo Bennett

Academic Factors that Predict Community College Students’ Acceptance of Evolution , Meredith Anne Dorner

Operation Transition: Post-9/11 Combat Marines Transitioning to Civilian Life and the Role of Higher Education in their Identity Formation , Jamie M. Fenton

Towards a New Understanding: Complex Familial Constructs of Autism , Joanne Kim

The Development of the Scale of Contemplative Practice in Higher Education , Maryann Krikorian

Bridgers in the Third Space: An In-Country Investigation of the Leadership Practices of US-Educated Chinese Nationals , Maria L. Martinez

The Experiences of Siblings of Individuals with Disabilities: A Holistic View , Ashley Mc Adams

¿Dónde Pertenecemos? Narrative Analysis of Afro-Boricua Women’s Experiences of Belonging Within and Beyond College , Marie Nubia-Feliciano

Nontraditional Student Risk Factors and Gender as Predictors for Enrollment in College Distance Education , Tammy Crews Pao

The Glass Ceiling is Not Broken: Gender Equity Issues among Faculty in Higher Education , Jillian Wood

Dissertations from 2015 2015

A Narrative and Poetic Exploration into Self-Defining Asperger’s: Ceasing to be X-1 , Lisa Boskovich

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Effects of Free Education Policy on Quality Education: A Case of Selected Secondary Schools in Lusaka District, Zambia

2023, International research journal of modernization in engineering technology and science

Education is one of the keys to development, however, due to the ineffectiveness of governments and low budgetary allocation to the sector, it has not been accorded its rightful place and has experienced setbacks which have affected the developmental agenda and impoverished as many children as possible that have missed the opportunity to go to school. However, for Zambian school children, their hopes have once again been rekindled with the free education policy of the current administration which targets children from primary to secondary level. The study therefore aimed at exploring the effects of free education policy on quality education at some selected secondary schools in Lusaka district, Zambia. The study engaged both the qualitative and quantitative methods and a descriptive research design that sampled head teachers, teachers and learners from the selected schools. Data was obtained from the respondents by means of interviews and questionnaires. Frequency tables, graphs, figures and pie-charts were used to analyze the qualitative data whereas quantitative data were analyzed by the use of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (version 26) and Microsoft Excel (version 16). The findings indicated that the majority of the schools had PTR exceeding the government PTR standards of between 35: 1 and 40:1 pupil per class. Out of the total number teachers that took part in the study, 15 (84.3%) of the respondents indicated that their classes were overcrowded. Further, teachers' views and perception on the effects of a free education policy on quality education has offered valuable insights into the practical implications of such policies. Findings also indicated that school administrators in Zambia face significant challenges in implementing free education policy. The study therefore recommends a multi-faceted approach involving adequate funding, teacher recruitment and retention strategies, infrastructure development, robust monitoring systems and active community engagement. By addressing these challenges and working together, stakeholders can pave the way for a more inclusive and equitable education system in Zambia, ensuring that all children have access to quality education and the opportunity to thrive.

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International Journal of Scientific Research Publications

Chrine Hapompwe

The purpose was to investigate the sustainability of the Universal Free Primary Education Policy (UFPE) implemented in 2002 by the government of the Republic of Zambia through the Ministry of General Education in the wake of declining education financing to the sector. The study employed a triangulation incorporating a causal-analytical paradigm targeting 90 public primary schools in Lusaka district, Zambia with over 180,000 pupils and about 5,220 teachers as population (N). A randomised survey method was used which sampled 14 schools (n) was used with 56 structured self-administered questionnaires being distributed to four persons per school who constitute the school management structure (i.e. head teacher, deputy, senior teacher and accountant) while 1 focus group discussion of 14 teachers coupled with 3 key informant interviews with education district official, MoGE HQ official and donors’ representative were held – all through prior appointments and clearance as procedures. Simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used with primary and secondary data being obtained and analysed via thematic / content approaches for qualitative and SPSS / excel for quantitative data along with expert judgement. The study had questionnaire response rate of 95% (53). The findings along with corroborative literature attested to the fact that the UFPE Policy was a worthwhile undertaking by government as it exponentially increased public primary school net enrolment rates from as low as 60% in 2000s to over 120% by 2014 underpinned by massive infrastructural development, consistent teacher recruitments and school supplies to match demand. However, the steady declines in annual financing to the sector as discovered in the variations between 2015’s 20.2% and 2020’s 12% of national budget contrary to the 20% UNESCO / SADC minimum threshold, weakened the UFPE policy’s efficacy. Furthermore, the study identified the country’s colossal debt stock (over $11 billion), low economic growth rate (2%) compared to population growth rate (3.8%), and some prominent donors’ withdrawal of financial support to the sector budget along with funds mismanagement within the sector as being the major potential threats to the country’s sustenance of the UFPE Policy to the effect that within the period under review, grade 1 school places within the district have become so scarce that a latent phenomenon has emerged in which some parents/guardians have been showcased spending nights in some schools to access places for their children/wards during enrolment periods. The study calls on Zambian educationists, politicians and policy-makers to help rethink education prioritization. “Leaving no one behind in providing quality education by 2030” is a global education vision (UNDP SDG goal 4) which is also under Zambia’s mantle and is consistent with the fundamental propositions of the human capital theory. Policy imperatives, therefore, demand that central government walk the talk in actualising this global/regional blueprint via disciplined prioritisation of financing to the sector for sustainability of equitable quality education as envisioned in the UFPE Policy (2002) and the Educating our Future Policy (1996). Index Terms- Investigation, Sustainability, UFPE and Education Financing.

Robbie Musakuzi on Education in Zambia

Robbie Musakuzi

A critique from is not criticism but a critical analysis of an issue taking into an account the historical background and the effect on the future. Accountability in Education can be simply be defined as the responsibility of the Teachers, Pupils, Parents, Administrators and the Principle Sponsor or funder of the Education System in our case the Government of Republic of Zambia through Ministry of Education which ensures that the Education System in a school, community and the nation achieves its objectives and is held accountable to what happens. Each of these five elements must be held accountable of what happens in a school and that is, celebrated if the school is producing results and held accountable if the school is not doing well. For many decades now, the fall in the Standards or Quality of Education in Zambia can be largely attributed to lack of a proper policy and measures on Accountability. Let me try and simplify my discussion by giving a recent example in the 2021 Grade 9 results which were announced a few weeks ago and a report emerged of a school in one of the provinces that all 2021 Grade 9's at a particular school failed and could not proceed to Grade 10 in 2022. The first reaction by Government of Republic of Zambia through Ministry of Education was that the school Headteachers and teachers would be investigated and if found wanting disciplinary measures would be instituted. And this has been the problem for many years reactionary action because of the lack of accountability to deal with this kind of situation. Its only one element which is to blame when Reactionary measures are taken due to lack of a policy on Accountability in the Education System in Zambia. When a school produces such results it is important to look at all the five elements mentioned above that contribute to Quality Education. Now that total Free Education has been reintroduced in Primary and Secondary Schools it is now with utmost urgency that those responsible that is Government of Republic of Zambia through Ministry of Education take keen interest in putting in place a robust Accountability policy for schools because there is a Psychology related to Free things. Free things have an effect on human attitude. Dan Ariely an authority on the subject of Free Things when given to people and says in his book "Predictably Irrational", 'people change their Behavioral patterns when something Free comes along. Free is not just an indicator of price. It is a powerful emotional trigger that's often irresistible.' As experienced under the UNIP and KK Total Free Education and continued in the Zambian Education System under MMD and PF Partial Free Education, you had pupils arriving in Grade 8 and 10 who cannot read or write. In countries with a robust Accountability in the Education System before giving them remedial work, all the teachers, Headteachers and schools sending half-baked pupils to the next level would be traced and disciplinary measures taken on them. In Zambia, in the Absence of a robust Accountability in the Education System this does not happen and schools, Headteachers and teachers just go scot free and continue producing pupils who cannot read or write year after year and some schools and teachers become renown for this and parents avoid taking their children to such schools but those without the means and influence continue taking their children to such schools and use their hard earned money to pay for tuitions to other teachers. It totally unacceptable that for a whole year with a teacher paid by the government every month and on schedule, a pupil can arrive at the next level and grade without the required education knowledge of the previous level and grade and the next teachers continue with no one held accountable. All Headteachers and teachers know what words should be read, which figures added, subtracted, multiplied and knowledge a pupil must have at every level and grade. Why are teachers and Headteachers not being held accountable? I am now an old man and can still remember my Grade 1 teacher, a Mr Chalwe and Headteacher a Mr. Kasonde at Natwange Primary School in 1968. These pupils who are arriving in grade 8 and 10 and cannot read or write can mention all the teachers they passed through and the teachers made to account for negligence! With this Total Free Education and without an Accountability Policy in place, the standard of pupils crossing to the next grade or level will become worse. And yet this Total Free Education enterprise which the UPND led Zambian Government has embarked on will require and use up huge sums of Zambian Government Resources. It is a very brave undertaking by President Hakainde Hchilema and his Administration to embark on this Total Free Education in Primary and Secondary Schools. MMD and PF opted for partial Free Education through cost sharing and school fees. Those given the responsibility to manage this Total Free Education project must surely make it succeed by being innovative and ensure that the right and new policies and structures needed are put in place. Those of us watching from the terraces will try and contribute in every way possible so that this Total Free Education enterprise succeeds for the sake of mother Zambia!

Global Scientific Journals

Chanda C H A N S A Thelma

Education is believed to be a cornerstone in alleviating poverty and as such international communities as well as governments have advocated for free education for all. In line with the aspirations to accord education access to all children in Zambia, the current government administration pronounced the free education policy which targets children from primary to secondary level. In view of this, the purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of free education policy on provision of quality education in Kasama district of Northern Province in Zambia. The study employed a mixed method approach in which both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection and analysis were used. A case study descriptive research design was used in the study in which primary data was collected from education standard officers, head teachers, teachers and learners using interviews, semi-structured questionnaire and focus group discussion. Microsoft excel was used as a data analysis in which data was analyzed thematically and descriptively. Findings were presented using frequency tables, figures, graphs, pie-charts and text narration. The findings revealed that funding and teaching and learning materials under free education policy were inadequate, which in turn negatively affected the provision of quality education in Kasama district. The study further revealed that class size under free education policy had become large thereby increasing the number of pupils per class and subsequent teacher-pupil ratio. The findings revealed that majority of the teachers had more than 3 streams of classes and had more than 50 pupils per class. The large class size as a result of increased enrolment under free education negatively affects provision of quality education according to the findings. The study concludes that free education policy negatively affects provision of quality education in Kasama district due to inadequate funding, inadequate availability of teaching and learning materials, increased class size due to increased enrolment and poor classroom environment due to increased class size. The study therefore recommends that the government should increase the allocation of funding towards free education policy. Increasing funding will result in adequate teaching and learning materials and employment of many teachers, which in turn will result in more schools and classrooms being built and reduction in class size and teacher pupil ratio.

Dissertation

Bogáta Bongya

Community schools are currently an important part of the Zambian education system, however there are substantial differences in terms of performance and quality among them. Therefore, the aim of this review was to critically assess the school factors to understand why certain community schools can provide quality education for pupils to reveal how the quality of education can be improved in other community schools. A critical realist systematic review has been chosen as a methodology to identify underlying mechanisms. Case studies and reports from the period of 1992 and 2018 in the topic of primary education in Zambian community schools have been searched. Outcome was measured by grade 7 national exam pass rates. The search yielded 24 studies of reasonable quality, out of which 20 studies included outcome information for comparison. The results provided high level evidence that community schools in the reviewed studies were successful because they met all the three components of education quality conceptualized by humanist, economist and organisational approaches. This included Effective processes, Provision of inputs and Satisfaction of stakeholders. Three critical underlying mechanisms have been identified to achieve quality education: Effective management due to external help and community involvement in educational processes through active PCSCs; Effective pedagogy due to committed teachers; and Satisfaction of teachers due to instructional supervision or training. Without these mechanisms quality education could have not been achieved. Once these mechanisms were provided to the schools, other mechanisms could further improve education quality. These were satisfaction of parents/pupils due to extra services or relevant curriculum along with provision of inputs due to qualified teachers or TLMs. The researcher concluded that government should assist these schools to source partnerships with donors or local businesses to supplement government support. Government-paid qualified teachers should be continued to be deployed to remove financial burden from parents and regular salaries should be paid to volunteer teachers.

Professor Paul PW Achola

ABRAHAM ZULU

Levels of poverty in Zambia are escalating because of corruption, inadequate education, poor governance and poor governance. Hence the need to cub poverty. Education is the panacea to poverty. This paper discusses the factors leading to high levels of poverty in Zambia and how education can be a panacea to poverty.

Seo Yeon Hong

Zambia has seen remarkable improvement in almost all economic sectors as a result of sustained favorable economic policy in the past decade or so. The education sector is one of the sectors that has benefited from the economic boom. Nevertheless, despite the stable funding to the education sector and its sustained growth, the system continues to face challenges in a number of areas.The Zambia Public Expenditure Review report documents these challenges as lack of efficiency and effectiveness in resource use, high teacher absenteeism, low education quality, insufficient teaching and learning materials, high internal inefficiency, and low time-on-task, among others. This book is arranged as follows: chapter one gives an overview of the recent development of the education sector in the country, followed by discussions on the administrative systems and sector issues at different education levels; chapter two talks about public education expenditure of Zambia, which is overall conducive t...

Bonaventure Mutale

A peer into the impact of policy implementation

Given Phiri

ABSTRACT The purpose of study was to investigate and establish the impact of Free Primary Education in Zambia (advantages, disadvantages, challenges, opportunities etc.) in eastern province of Zambia, Chipata. The studies done in other countries have shown that this Free Primary Education is very good as it lays a good foundation for the development of the nation. This could have been due to a gap between the rich and the poor people that existed when time came to take their learners to school. The gap theory used in the study suggested that the poor parents would fail to take their children to school but the rich would do that without any problem. This could lead to many street kids, poverty, diseases, crime, early marriages, and underdevelopment and dependence syndrome in the country. Free primary education comes as a solution to all these problems and helps bring equality in development and education in the nation. The problem of street kids is easily sorted out as children have easy access to education. Poverty and diseases, crime and early marriages are also prevented as children will be busy with school work and use their basic knowledge to do a lot of developmental activities like entrepreneurship that has been introduced and also just becoming responsible children who are well informed about their rights not to involve themselves in early marriages and crime. The children learn a lot at primary level to make them self dependent when they grow up and help develop the nation. In addition free Primary Education policy has the following advantages: reduced illiterate rate, prostitution, relationships, communication, community development, easy access to education, improved standard of education and brought economic development in the country just to mention but a few. The researcher recommended that the government should do the following activities, the government should build many schools to cope with this increase in enrolments, should employ many teachers to cope with this increase in enrolments, should increase the funding to primary schools to meet the needs of the primary schools, should maintain the quarterly funding and give it on time to primary schools so that school managers can mange schools effectively, should employ qualified head teachers of the institutions to effectively use the funding and manage the school properly and should sensitise the chiefs on the dangers of early marriages and the importance of education to the subjects.

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Home > USC Columbia > Education, College of > Educational Studies > Educational Studies Theses and Dissertations

Educational Studies Theses and Dissertations

Theses/dissertations from 2023 2023.

Centering the Teacher: How an Autonomy-Supportive Environment Impacts Arts Educators’ Sense of Agency and the Collaborative Culture of Their Education Networks , Kyle Andrew Anderson

Effects of a Self-Monitoring Tracking System Combined With Blended Learning Intervention Time on Students’ Self-Regulated Learning Skills And Academic Performance , Jennifer E. Augustine

The Integration Of Simulation-enhanced Interprofessional Education Into Undergraduate Clinical Laboratory Science Curriculum , Dana Powell Baker

Reading Strategies: Impact on Fifth Grade African American Males’ Reading Comprehension and Motivation to Read , Patrice Antoinette Barrett

Tip of the Iceberg in Changing School Culture: Acknowledging and Addressing Microaggressions , Nicole Lauren Becker

The Impact of Ability Grouping on Academic Achievement in Elementary Reading , Kristi Bissell

Impacts of Technology-Enhanced Dual Enrollment Mathematics Course on Rural High School Students’ Intentions of Going to College , Nicolae Bordieanu

Educative Curricular Supports Used to Improve High Cognitive Demand Task Implementation in High-Dosage Mathematics Tutorial , Halley Bowman

Creating a Culturally Inclusive American Literature Classroom , Holly R. Bradshaw

The Impact of a Series of Professional Development Sessions on Culturally Responsive Pedagogy (CRP) on the Awareness Level of Seven Teachers at a Suburban High School , Charity Jo Brady

The Effects of Gamified Peer Feedback on Student Writing in High School English Language Arts , Kerise Amaris Broome

Evaluating the Impact of Personalized Professional Learning on Technology Integration in the Classroom , Angela Bishop Burgess

An Exploration of Perinatal Stress and Associated Mental Health of Transitioning First-Time Fathers , Timothy Reed Burkhalter

A Study of Computational Thinking Skills and Attitudes Towards Computer Science with Middle School Students , Lorien W. Cafarella

Using Critical Reflection to Mitigate Racial Implicit Bias and Enhance Cultural Humility: A Nursing Faculty Action Research Study , Teresa Stafford Cronell

Mitigating Student Anxiety in the Secondary Classroom: A Culturally Sustaining Approach , Erin Hawley Cronin

Daily Activities and Routines: A Comparative Case Study of the Home Language and Literacy Environment of Spanish-Speaking Toddlers With and Without Older Siblings , Eugenia Crosby-Quinatoa

Supporting Improvement In Academic Outcomes And Self-efficacy For Black Male Varsity Athletes , Katherine Currie

Online Professional Development’s Effect on Teachers’ Technology Self-Efficacy and Continuance Intention to Use Pear Deck , Katherine Shirley Degar

Empowering Teachers to Support MTSS Students: An Action Research Study , Sahalija Dentico

Multisensory Phonics Instruction in Struggling Readers , Amanda M. Dixon

Student Engagement Action Research a Focus on Culturally Relevant Instructional Methods , Amia Dixon

Instructional Coaching: A Support for Increasing Engagement in Middle School Mathematics , Christi Ritchie Edwards

A Holistic View of Integrated Care Within Counselor Education: A Multi-Manuscript Dissertation , Alexander McClain Fields

Faculty Perceptions of Readiness and Confidence for Teaching Online: An Evaluation of Online Professional Development , Kevin Brent Forman

The Effect Of Instructionally Embedded Cognitive Reframing On Students’ Self-beliefs Of Their Mathematical Competence , Kelly Eyre Frazee

An Examination of Physical Literacy: Learning Through A Technology Integrated, Flipped Classroom Approach. , Euan M. S. Frew

Increasing Phonemic Awareness in Intellectually Impaired Students by Using Wilson’s Fundations Phonics Program in a Self-Contained Classroom , Theresa Lynne Garcia

A Causal Comparative Study of the Effects of Physical Activity Course Enrollment on College Students’ Perceived Wellness, Mental Health, and Basic Psychological Needs , Genee’ Regina Glascoe

The Effect of Computer-Based Learning Modules on Pre-Algebra Student Proficiency and Self-Efficacy in Manipulating Math Expressions Involving Negative Signs , Brian Charles Grimm

Exploring Literary Responses to Culturally Relevant Texts Through an AsianCrit Lens: A Collective Case Study of Chinese American Students in a Community-Based Book Club , Wenyu Guo

Building Leadership Capacity to Support International Educators: A Professional Learning Series , Amanda Hajji Minnillo

Unveiling The Lifeworld Of Educators' Social Justice Journeys: A Phenomenological Investigation , Maria Rocas Halkias

The Influence and Impacts of Critical Literacy Intervention in Preservice Teachers Culturally Responsive Teaching Self-Efficacy: A Mixed Methods Study , Heather Lynn Hall

Stories From North Carolina Teachers of Color: An Inquiry of Racialized Experiences in the Workplace. , Deborah Stephanie Harrison

Electronic Portfolios in a High School Community of Practice: Action Research Exploring Writing Experiences in an Advanced Placement Writing Course , Archibald Franklin Harrison IV

The Effects of Problem-Based Learning on Mathematics Motivation in a Flipped Classroom Instructional Environment , Joshua David Harrison

University, City, and Community: Athletics Urban Renewal Projects and the University of South Carolina’s Carolina Coliseum and Blatt Physical Education Center, 1964–1971 , Theresa M. Harrison

Stories from North Carolina Teachers of Color: An Inquiry of Racialized Experiences in the Workplace. , Deborah Stephanie Harrisson

Examining The Perceptions And Knowledge Of School Administrators In Special Education , Maranda Hayward

Supporting Black Students in Sixth-Grade Science Through a Social Constructivist Approach: A Mixed-Methods Action Research Study , Kirk Anthony Heath

Effects of Choice Reading on Intrinsic Motivation in Underperforming Sixth-Grade Students , Heather M. Henderson

Academic Success and Student Development in the Health Professions: An Action Research Study , Molly Ellen Higbie

Deficit Thinking in Teacher Course Level Recommendations , Andrew Hogan

Increasing English Progress Proficiency of Multilingual Learners Utilizing Improvement Science , Stephanie Corley Huckabee

The Impact of Cognitive Coaching on High School English Teachers’ Implementation of Metacognitve Reading Strategies , Charrai Hunter

Digital Literacy Integrated Into Academic Content Through the Collaboration of a Librarian and a Core Content Teacher , Jeri Leann Jeffcoat

The Effects of Hip-Hop and Rap Music Intervention to Improve the Wellbeing of Black and African American Men , Lanita Michelle Jefferson

The Effects of Learner-Centered Professional Development and Supporting Effective Teaching Practices in Elementary-Level Professional Learning Communities , Lisa Suther Johnson

Examining the Relationship Between Multicultural Training and Cultural Humility Development in CACREP-Accredited Counselor Education Programs , Sabrina Monique Johnson

Multimodal Digital Literacy Practices: Perspectives of L2 Academic Writing Instructors , Priscila Jovazino Bastos Medrado Costa

Using Yoga, Meditation, and Art Therapy to Combat Complex Trauma and Promote Social–Emotional Learning in the Art Room , Karen Emory Kelly

Perspectives, Motivations, and Resistance: Investigating Employee Responses to Employer-Sponsored Diversity Training , Robert Kerlin

STEM Educators’ Perceptions of Gender Bias and the Contributing Factors That Persist for Women in STEM Education , Haleigh Nicole Kirkland

A Qualitative Study Examining and Comparing Families’ and Teachers’ Perceptions of School Readiness , Shalonya Cerika Knotts

The Impact of Differentiated Affective Curriculum on the Asynchronous Social and Emotional Development of Gifted Elementary Students , Michelle Koehle

Supporting Self-efficacy Through Mindset: The Impact Of A Growth Mindset Innovation On The Self-efficacy Of Middle School Students In A Teen Leadership Course , Shannon J. Kojah

The Evolution of Contextualized, Discourse-based Professional Development to Support Elementary Teachers in the Implementation of Conceptual Mathematical Teaching Practices , Jennifer Aren Kueter

A Critical Examination Of An in Class Tabata Based Physical Fitness Protocol on Student Engagement Levels in a Sixth Grade Math Class , Justin R. Kulik

Mathematics Teachers’ Attitudes and Intentions Towards Instructional Videos as Part of a Flipped Learning Model , Jessica Lee Lambert

Reimagining Parent-teacher Relationships Through Human Centered Design , Andrea Lynn Lance

Increasing Math Knowledge in 3 rd Grade: Evaluating Student Use & Teacher Perceptions of Imagine Math , Paoze Lee

Utilizing Case Studies to Increase Critical Thinking in an Undergraduate Anatomy & Physiology Classroom , Sarah E. Lehman

Exploring Chinese International Students’ Motivational Factors in Non-Mandatory Event Participation , Aimin Liao

Preparing In-Service Elementary Teachers to Support English Language Learners: A Qualitative Case Study of a Job-Embedded Professional Development Using TPACK , Rachel Theresa Lopez

Impact of Virtual Models on Students’ Multilevel Understanding of an Organic Reaction , Eli Martin

Weathering the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study Examining How the Lived Experience Affected English Learners , Mary Kathryn Maxwell

Racial Orientations: A Phenomenological Approach , Nicholas Mazur

Measuring the Impact of Peer Coaching on Teacher Effectiveness at Friendship County High School , Whittney Michele McPherson

The Effects of Technology Integration on Academic Performance and Engagement of Third Grade Social Studies Students: A Mixed Methods Study , Ashley Megregian

Beyond The Acronym Of Stem: Experiential Learning Professional Development For Integrative Stem Education , Christine Mitchell

Counter-Stories From Former Foster Youth: College Graduates Disrupting the Dominant Narrative , Amanda May Moon

Supporting LGBTQ+ ELA Students Through Action Research , Nicole Mustaccio

What Are They Thinking?: A Qualitative Study of Secondary Students’ Critical Thinking in Online Classes , Scott Allan Nolt

Impact of the Engineering Design Process on Rural Female Students’ Achievement and Self-Efficacy , Whitney Lowery Oberndorf

Shakespeare in Virtual Reality: Social Presence of Students in a Virtual Reality Book Club , John Funchess Ott Jr.

Teacher Observations as Professional Development Opportunities , Ashton Carrie Padgett

Reading Motivation and Retrieval Practice of United States Undergraduates Aged 18 to 23 , Robyn M. Pernetti

A Descriptive Study of Factors That Support and Hinder Classroom Discourse With English Learners , Jillian Camille Plum

Implementing Meaningful Problem-Based Learning in a Middle School Science Classroom , Celestine Banks Pough

Coaching to Success: Moving From a Fixed Mindset to a Growth Mindset Through Positive Motivation , Shannon Dianna Ramirez

Critical Literacy and Student Engagement: Disrupting the Canon in the Secondary English Classroom , Katherine Burdick Ramp

Pursuing Culturally Responsive Math Teaching By Secondary Math Educators: A Professional Development Action Research Study , Emily Bell Redding

The Impact of a Literacy Program on Summer Reading Setback: Providing Access to Books and Project-Based Learning , Tiffany Gayle Robles

Decentering the White Gaze: The Effects of Involving African-American Students in Curricular Decision-Making in an Independent School Library , Michelle Efird Rosen

Critical Literacy And Self Efficacy Among Secondary Students Repeatedly Engaged In Literacy Intervention , Haley Rowles

Transforming Lessons And Those Who Write Them: Professional Development For Educational Content Writers To Integrate Technology Into Lessons Using The Tpack Framework , Rachael Patricia Santopietro

An Examination of Semester-Long Review of Behavior Referral Data at a High School in a Southeastern State , Shalanda L. Shuler

Instructional Hub: Bridging the Gap in Teacher Preparation for Online Instruction , Charity Beth Simmons

The Impact of the Flipped Classroom Model on Elementary Students’ Achievement and Motivation for Learning Geometry , Kimberly M. Smalls

If Not Me, Then Who? A Study of Racial and Cultural Competence in a High School English Department , DiAnna Sox

“So, the World Isn’t Just Old White Guys?”: Student and Teacher Experiences in a Culturally Relevant Advanced Placement Chemistry Class , James Thomas Sox

1, 2, 3: Counting on Problem Based Learning to Improve Mathematical Achievement in African American Students , Kelley P. Spahr

The Use of Project-Based Learning to Scaffold Student Social and Emotional Learning Skill Development, Science Identity, and Science Self-Efficacy , Michelle Sutton Spigner

How Do the Students Feel? Long-Term English Learners and Their Experience Under the ESL Label , Molly M. Staeheli

My Journey Toward A Culturally Relevant Music Pedagogy , Adam Michael Steele

Implementation of Digital Flashcards to Increase Content-Specific Vocabulary Knowledge and Perceptions of Motivation and Self-Efficacy in an Eleventh-Grade U.S. History Course: An Action Research Study , Jill Lee Steinmeyer

Family Therapy, K-12 Public Education, and Discipline Risk: A Scoping Review and Relationship Analysis Multiple Manuscript Dissertation , Cara Melinda Thompson

The Impact of Extended Professional Development in Project-Based Learning on Middle School Science Teachers , Margrett Caroline Upchurch-Ford

A Qualitative Study on Mental Health Resource Utilization of Enlisted Airmen During the COVID-19 Pandemic , Hassahn Khali Wade

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Alhaji Bakar Kamara Director of Academic Planning and Quality Assurance, University of Management and Technology (UNIMTECH), 3 Hospital Road, Kissy Dockyard, Freetown, Sierra Leone

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THE GOVERNMENT COMMITMENT TO QUALITY EDUCATION - AN OVERVIEW OF FREE QUALITY SCHOOL EDUCATION IN SIERRA LEONE

The Free Quality School Education (FQSE) is a critical priority policy of the Government of Sierra Leone for national transformation through education. The Government of Sierra Leone is aware of the influence and power of education in national development and, therefore, has prioritized education as its flagship program. This paper is to establish a positive effort made by the Government of Sierra Leone in its commitment to implement and bring to reality the Free Quality School Education countrywide. The paper introduced in brief the historical flashback of education in Sierra Leone, followed by the changes in the education system. The researcher viewed some problems of education in Sierra Leone over the years. In an overview, the paper went on to demonstrate the Government's effort in promoting education since independence in 1961. As a point of clarification, the paper reviewed the knowledge of Quality Education. In a clearer picture, the paper views the result and analysis of Government commitment in the Free Quality School Education. The methods used for the research were interviews, observation, discussion, and information from the internet and books (secondary data). The paper highlighted the conclusion with recommendations.

Article visualizations:

Richard A. Corby (1990) quoting Camara Laye, The Dark Child (New York: Farrar, Giroux, 1954); Victor C. Uchendu, The Igbo of Southeast Nigeria (New York: Holt, Rinehart 1965); Ronald Cohen, The Kanuri of Bornu (New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1966, pp. 314-315.

Christopher Fyfe, A History of Sierra Leone (London: Oxford University 1962); and John Peterson, Province of Freedom: A History of Sierra Leone, 1787-1870 (Northwestern University Press, 1969).

Sierra Leone Education Sector Plan – 2018-2020 (The Relevant of Quality Education)

Joseph Bangura, 2007. The University of Sierra Leone in Colonial West Africa: A Synaptic Socio-political History. Kalamazoo College.

Sierra Leone Educational System-Overview https://education.stateuniversity.com/pages//334/Sierra-Leone-Educational-System-Overview.htm.

European Union (2017). Support to the Education Sector in Sierra Leone (SESSIL). A project implemented by PROMAN in Consortium with palladium, Pha International, and Redi 4 Change. Web: www.proman.lu.

Government of Sierra Leone Ministry of Education, Science and Technology Education Sector Plan 2018-2020.

Brogan Project (2015) Education in Sierra Leone System 4 818 14th Ave NIN. Suite 7 Sattle WA 98107. https.

Sierra Leone Telegraph, October 3, 2019. Sierra Leone's broken education system-ten ways to fix it. Sierra Leone News.

Night Watch SL, (By Admn), October 16, 2019. A Perspective on Sierra Leone's Declining Education. www.nightwatchsl.com/aperspective-on-sierra-leone-dectining-education/news.

Friedman, M (2015). The Rate of Government in Education (1955). The Friedman Foundation for Educational choice RSS>http://www.Edchoice.org/The-Friedmans-on-school-choice-The-Role-of-government-in-education.281955.29

Alhaji Bakarr Kamara, (2018). "Mathematics Curriculum: An Overview of Educational Curriculum in Sierra Leone." European Journal of Education Studies. https://www.academic.edu/39688354/European-journal-of-Education-studies-mathematics-curriculum-AN-OVERVIEW-of-Educational-curriculum-in-Sierra-Leone.

WCEFA (World Conference on Education For All) (1990): World Conference on Education For All: Find Report New York: Inter-Agency Commission, WCEFA.

WCEFA (World Conference on Education For All) (1990): World Conference on Education For All. New York Inter-Agency Commission WCEFA.

WEF (World Education Forum) (2000): The Dakar Framework for Action-Education for All: Meeting our collective commitments. Paris: ''NESCO.

Trey Menefea and Mark Bray (2015). Education in the Commonwealth. Quality Education for Equitable Development. Commonwealth Secretariat. Masborough House, Pall Mall London SWLY 5HX, United Kingdom.

Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (2007). Sierra Leone Education Sector Plan – A Road Map to a Better Future-2007-2015.

Ibrahim P. Sheriff (2019). Sierra Leone; Free Quality Education in Perspective. Communication Specialist. Ministry of Basic and Senior Secondary Education Sierra Leone. The Patriotic Vanguard, Sierra Leone. News Portal. www.thepatroiticvanguard.com/sierra-leone-5-free-quality-education-in-perspective.

Sean Slade (2017). What Sowe mean by a Quality Education? Senior Director of Global Outreach. ASCD. HuffPost. https://www.huffpost.compentry/what-do-we-man-by-a-quat-b-9284130

UNITE For Quality Education – Better Education for a better world. The human right to education – what is quality education, and why is it a human right? https://www.unite4education.org/about/what-is-quality-education/retrievedjune,2020.

Phineas Rueckert (2019). 10 Barriers to education that children having in poverty face" Global citizen. https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/10-barriers-to-education-around-the-world-2/.

Global Partnership for Education. "Benefits of education." https://www.globalpartnership.org/benefits-of-education.

Open Government Partnership. Sierra Leone Third National Action Plan (NAP III). The Republic of Sierra Leone.

Ministry of Basic and Senior Secondary Education, 2019. 2019 Annual Schools Census Report and Statistical Abstract" Republic of Sierra Leone Document.

https://mbsse.gov.sl/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/2019-Annual-School-Census-Reportpdf. Retrieved in June 2020.

Kpaka, Salia & Wadegu, Dominique (2009). Enhancing Transparency and Accountability in Primary Education in Sierra Leone. Freetown: Transparency Institution.

Ranger (2020) "Government of Sierra Leone Pays Fee Le 14 Billion School Fees" Sierra Network Salone. https://snradio.net/government-of-Sierra-Leone-pays-over-le14bill-school-fees/?amp. Retrieved on June 26,2020.

Politico SL Published by Fee media Group on September 17, 2019. "Sierra Leone to legislate on exam malpractice" https://www.politicosl.com/articles/sierra-leone-legislate-exam-malpractice.

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Research Topics & Ideas: Education

170+ Research Ideas To Fast-Track Your Project

If you’re just starting out exploring education-related topics for your dissertation, thesis or research project, you’ve come to the right place. In this post, we’ll help kickstart your research topic ideation process by providing a hearty list of research topics and ideas , including examples from actual dissertations and theses..

PS – This is just the start…

We know it’s exciting to run through a list of research topics, but please keep in mind that this list is just a starting point . To develop a suitable education-related research topic, you’ll need to identify a clear and convincing research gap , and a viable plan of action to fill that gap.

If this sounds foreign to you, check out our free research topic webinar that explores how to find and refine a high-quality research topic, from scratch. Alternatively, if you’d like hands-on help, consider our 1-on-1 coaching service .

Overview: Education Research Topics

• How to find a research topic (video)
• List of 50+ education-related research topics/ideas
• List of 120+ level-specific research topics 
• Examples of actual dissertation topics in education
• Tips to fast-track your topic ideation (video)
• Free Webinar : Topic Ideation 101
• Where to get extra help

Education-Related Research Topics & Ideas

Below you’ll find a list of education-related research topics and idea kickstarters. These are fairly broad and flexible to various contexts, so keep in mind that you will need to refine them a little. Nevertheless, they should inspire some ideas for your project.

• The impact of school funding on student achievement
• The effects of social and emotional learning on student well-being
• The effects of parental involvement on student behaviour
• The impact of teacher training on student learning
• The impact of classroom design on student learning
• The impact of poverty on education
• The use of student data to inform instruction
• The role of parental involvement in education
• The effects of mindfulness practices in the classroom
• The use of technology in the classroom
• The role of critical thinking in education
• The use of formative and summative assessments in the classroom
• The use of differentiated instruction in the classroom
• The use of gamification in education
• The effects of teacher burnout on student learning
• The impact of school leadership on student achievement
• The effects of teacher diversity on student outcomes
• The role of teacher collaboration in improving student outcomes
• The implementation of blended and online learning
• The effects of teacher accountability on student achievement
• The effects of standardized testing on student learning
• The effects of classroom management on student behaviour
• The effects of school culture on student achievement
• The use of student-centred learning in the classroom
• The impact of teacher-student relationships on student outcomes
• The achievement gap in minority and low-income students
• The use of culturally responsive teaching in the classroom
• The impact of teacher professional development on student learning
• The use of project-based learning in the classroom
• The effects of teacher expectations on student achievement
• The use of adaptive learning technology in the classroom
• The impact of teacher turnover on student learning
• The effects of teacher recruitment and retention on student learning
• The impact of early childhood education on later academic success
• The impact of parental involvement on student engagement
• The use of positive reinforcement in education
• The impact of school climate on student engagement
• The role of STEM education in preparing students for the workforce
• The effects of school choice on student achievement
• The use of technology in the form of online tutoring

Level-Specific Research Topics

Looking for research topics for a specific level of education? We’ve got you covered. Below you can find research topic ideas for primary, secondary and tertiary-level education contexts. Click the relevant level to view the respective list.

Research Topics: Pick An Education Level

Primary education.

• Investigating the effects of peer tutoring on academic achievement in primary school
• Exploring the benefits of mindfulness practices in primary school classrooms
• Examining the effects of different teaching strategies on primary school students’ problem-solving skills
• The use of storytelling as a teaching strategy in primary school literacy instruction
• The role of cultural diversity in promoting tolerance and understanding in primary schools
• The impact of character education programs on moral development in primary school students
• Investigating the use of technology in enhancing primary school mathematics education
• The impact of inclusive curriculum on promoting equity and diversity in primary schools
• The impact of outdoor education programs on environmental awareness in primary school students
• The influence of school climate on student motivation and engagement in primary schools
• Investigating the effects of early literacy interventions on reading comprehension in primary school students
• The impact of parental involvement in school decision-making processes on student achievement in primary schools
• Exploring the benefits of inclusive education for students with special needs in primary schools
• Investigating the effects of teacher-student feedback on academic motivation in primary schools
• The role of technology in developing digital literacy skills in primary school students
• Effective strategies for fostering a growth mindset in primary school students
• Investigating the role of parental support in reducing academic stress in primary school children
• The role of arts education in fostering creativity and self-expression in primary school students
• Examining the effects of early childhood education programs on primary school readiness
• Examining the effects of homework on primary school students’ academic performance
• The role of formative assessment in improving learning outcomes in primary school classrooms
• The impact of teacher-student relationships on academic outcomes in primary school
• Investigating the effects of classroom environment on student behavior and learning outcomes in primary schools
• Investigating the role of creativity and imagination in primary school curriculum
• The impact of nutrition and healthy eating programs on academic performance in primary schools
• The impact of social-emotional learning programs on primary school students’ well-being and academic performance
• The role of parental involvement in academic achievement of primary school children
• Examining the effects of classroom management strategies on student behavior in primary school
• The role of school leadership in creating a positive school climate Exploring the benefits of bilingual education in primary schools
• The effectiveness of project-based learning in developing critical thinking skills in primary school students
• The role of inquiry-based learning in fostering curiosity and critical thinking in primary school students
• The effects of class size on student engagement and achievement in primary schools
• Investigating the effects of recess and physical activity breaks on attention and learning in primary school
• Exploring the benefits of outdoor play in developing gross motor skills in primary school children
• The effects of educational field trips on knowledge retention in primary school students
• Examining the effects of inclusive classroom practices on students’ attitudes towards diversity in primary schools
• The impact of parental involvement in homework on primary school students’ academic achievement
• Investigating the effectiveness of different assessment methods in primary school classrooms
• The influence of physical activity and exercise on cognitive development in primary school children
• Exploring the benefits of cooperative learning in promoting social skills in primary school students

Secondary Education

• Investigating the effects of school discipline policies on student behavior and academic success in secondary education
• The role of social media in enhancing communication and collaboration among secondary school students
• The impact of school leadership on teacher effectiveness and student outcomes in secondary schools
• Investigating the effects of technology integration on teaching and learning in secondary education
• Exploring the benefits of interdisciplinary instruction in promoting critical thinking skills in secondary schools
• The impact of arts education on creativity and self-expression in secondary school students
• The effectiveness of flipped classrooms in promoting student learning in secondary education
• The role of career guidance programs in preparing secondary school students for future employment
• Investigating the effects of student-centered learning approaches on student autonomy and academic success in secondary schools
• The impact of socio-economic factors on educational attainment in secondary education
• Investigating the impact of project-based learning on student engagement and academic achievement in secondary schools
• Investigating the effects of multicultural education on cultural understanding and tolerance in secondary schools
• The influence of standardized testing on teaching practices and student learning in secondary education
• Investigating the effects of classroom management strategies on student behavior and academic engagement in secondary education
• The influence of teacher professional development on instructional practices and student outcomes in secondary schools
• The role of extracurricular activities in promoting holistic development and well-roundedness in secondary school students
• Investigating the effects of blended learning models on student engagement and achievement in secondary education
• The role of physical education in promoting physical health and well-being among secondary school students
• Investigating the effects of gender on academic achievement and career aspirations in secondary education
• Exploring the benefits of multicultural literature in promoting cultural awareness and empathy among secondary school students
• The impact of school counseling services on student mental health and well-being in secondary schools
• Exploring the benefits of vocational education and training in preparing secondary school students for the workforce
• The role of digital literacy in preparing secondary school students for the digital age
• The influence of parental involvement on academic success and well-being of secondary school students
• The impact of social-emotional learning programs on secondary school students’ well-being and academic success
• The role of character education in fostering ethical and responsible behavior in secondary school students
• Examining the effects of digital citizenship education on responsible and ethical technology use among secondary school students
• The impact of parental involvement in school decision-making processes on student outcomes in secondary schools
• The role of educational technology in promoting personalized learning experiences in secondary schools
• The impact of inclusive education on the social and academic outcomes of students with disabilities in secondary schools
• The influence of parental support on academic motivation and achievement in secondary education
• The role of school climate in promoting positive behavior and well-being among secondary school students
• Examining the effects of peer mentoring programs on academic achievement and social-emotional development in secondary schools
• Examining the effects of teacher-student relationships on student motivation and achievement in secondary schools
• Exploring the benefits of service-learning programs in promoting civic engagement among secondary school students
• The impact of educational policies on educational equity and access in secondary education
• Examining the effects of homework on academic achievement and student well-being in secondary education
• Investigating the effects of different assessment methods on student performance in secondary schools
• Examining the effects of single-sex education on academic performance and gender stereotypes in secondary schools
• The role of mentoring programs in supporting the transition from secondary to post-secondary education

Tertiary Education

• The role of student support services in promoting academic success and well-being in higher education
• The impact of internationalization initiatives on students’ intercultural competence and global perspectives in tertiary education
• Investigating the effects of active learning classrooms and learning spaces on student engagement and learning outcomes in tertiary education
• Exploring the benefits of service-learning experiences in fostering civic engagement and social responsibility in higher education
• The influence of learning communities and collaborative learning environments on student academic and social integration in higher education
• Exploring the benefits of undergraduate research experiences in fostering critical thinking and scientific inquiry skills
• Investigating the effects of academic advising and mentoring on student retention and degree completion in higher education
• The role of student engagement and involvement in co-curricular activities on holistic student development in higher education
• The impact of multicultural education on fostering cultural competence and diversity appreciation in higher education
• The role of internships and work-integrated learning experiences in enhancing students’ employability and career outcomes
• Examining the effects of assessment and feedback practices on student learning and academic achievement in tertiary education
• The influence of faculty professional development on instructional practices and student outcomes in tertiary education
• The influence of faculty-student relationships on student success and well-being in tertiary education
• The impact of college transition programs on students’ academic and social adjustment to higher education
• The impact of online learning platforms on student learning outcomes in higher education
• The impact of financial aid and scholarships on access and persistence in higher education
• The influence of student leadership and involvement in extracurricular activities on personal development and campus engagement
• Exploring the benefits of competency-based education in developing job-specific skills in tertiary students
• Examining the effects of flipped classroom models on student learning and retention in higher education
• Exploring the benefits of online collaboration and virtual team projects in developing teamwork skills in tertiary students
• Investigating the effects of diversity and inclusion initiatives on campus climate and student experiences in tertiary education
• The influence of study abroad programs on intercultural competence and global perspectives of college students
• Investigating the effects of peer mentoring and tutoring programs on student retention and academic performance in tertiary education
• Investigating the effectiveness of active learning strategies in promoting student engagement and achievement in tertiary education
• Investigating the effects of blended learning models and hybrid courses on student learning and satisfaction in higher education
• The role of digital literacy and information literacy skills in supporting student success in the digital age
• Investigating the effects of experiential learning opportunities on career readiness and employability of college students
• The impact of e-portfolios on student reflection, self-assessment, and showcasing of learning in higher education
• The role of technology in enhancing collaborative learning experiences in tertiary classrooms
• The impact of research opportunities on undergraduate student engagement and pursuit of advanced degrees
• Examining the effects of competency-based assessment on measuring student learning and achievement in tertiary education
• Examining the effects of interdisciplinary programs and courses on critical thinking and problem-solving skills in college students
• The role of inclusive education and accessibility in promoting equitable learning experiences for diverse student populations
• The role of career counseling and guidance in supporting students’ career decision-making in tertiary education
• The influence of faculty diversity and representation on student success and inclusive learning environments in higher education

Education-Related Dissertations & Theses

While the ideas we’ve presented above are a decent starting point for finding a research topic in education, they are fairly generic and non-specific. So, it helps to look at actual dissertations and theses in the education space to see how this all comes together in practice.

Below, we’ve included a selection of education-related research projects to help refine your thinking. These are actual dissertations and theses, written as part of Master’s and PhD-level programs, so they can provide some useful insight as to what a research topic looks like in practice.

• From Rural to Urban: Education Conditions of Migrant Children in China (Wang, 2019)
• Energy Renovation While Learning English: A Guidebook for Elementary ESL Teachers (Yang, 2019)
• A Reanalyses of Intercorrelational Matrices of Visual and Verbal Learners’ Abilities, Cognitive Styles, and Learning Preferences (Fox, 2020)
• A study of the elementary math program utilized by a mid-Missouri school district (Barabas, 2020)
• Instructor formative assessment practices in virtual learning environments : a posthumanist sociomaterial perspective (Burcks, 2019)
• Higher education students services: a qualitative study of two mid-size universities’ direct exchange programs (Kinde, 2020)
• Exploring editorial leadership : a qualitative study of scholastic journalism advisers teaching leadership in Missouri secondary schools (Lewis, 2020)
• Selling the virtual university: a multimodal discourse analysis of marketing for online learning (Ludwig, 2020)
• Advocacy and accountability in school counselling: assessing the use of data as related to professional self-efficacy (Matthews, 2020)
• The use of an application screening assessment as a predictor of teaching retention at a midwestern, K-12, public school district (Scarbrough, 2020)
• Core values driving sustained elite performance cultures (Beiner, 2020)
• Educative features of upper elementary Eureka math curriculum (Dwiggins, 2020)
• How female principals nurture adult learning opportunities in successful high schools with challenging student demographics (Woodward, 2020)
• The disproportionality of Black Males in Special Education: A Case Study Analysis of Educator Perceptions in a Southeastern Urban High School (McCrae, 2021)

As you can see, these research topics are a lot more focused than the generic topic ideas we presented earlier. So, in order for you to develop a high-quality research topic, you’ll need to get specific and laser-focused on a specific context with specific variables of interest.  In the video below, we explore some other important things you’ll need to consider when crafting your research topic.

Get 1-On-1 Help

If you’re still unsure about how to find a quality research topic within education, check out our Research Topic Kickstarter service, which is the perfect starting point for developing a unique, well-justified research topic.

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64 Comments

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parental involvement and students academic performance

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Kindly help me with the research questions on the topic” Effects of workplace conflict on the employees’ job performance”. The effects can be applicable in every institution,enterprise or organisation.

Greetings, I am a student majoring in Sociology and minoring in Public Administration. I’m considering any recommended research topic in the field of Sociology.

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Research Defense for students in senior high

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Project-based learning is a teaching/learning type,if well applied in a classroom setting will yield serious positive impact. What can a teacher do to implement this in a disadvantaged zone like “North West Region of Cameroon ( hinterland) where war has brought about prolonged and untold sufferings on the indegins?

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Look at British Library as they keep a copy of all PhDs in the UK Core.ac.uk to access Open University and 6 other university e-archives, pdf downloads mostly available, all free.

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Masters student in the field of curriculum, any ideas of a research topic on low achiever students

In the field of curriculum any ideas of a research topic on deconalization in contextualization of digital teaching and learning through in higher education

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I am a graduate with two masters. 1) Master of arts in religious studies and 2) Master in education in foundations of education. I intend to do a Ph.D. on my second master’s, however, I need to bring both masters together through my Ph.D. research. can I do something like, ” The contribution of Philosophy of education for a quality religion education in Kenya”? kindly, assist and be free to suggest a similar topic that will bring together the two masters. thanks in advance

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UNICEF Data : Monitoring the situation of children and women

GOAL 4: QUALITY EDUCATION

Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.

Goal 4 aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.  This goal supports the reduction of disparities and inequities in education, both in terms of access and quality. It recognizes the need to provide quality education for all, and most especially vulnerable populations, including poor children, children living in rural areas, persons with disabilities, indigenous people and refugee children.

This goal is of critical importance because of its transformative effects on the other SDGs. Sustainable development hinges on every child receiving a quality education. When children are offered the tools to develop to their full potential, they become productive adults ready to give back to their communities and break the cycle of poverty. Education enables upward socioeconomic mobility.

Significant progress was achieved during the last decade in increasing access to education and school enrolment rates at all levels, particularly for girls. Despite these gains, about 260 million children were out of school in 2018, nearly one fifth of the global population in that age group. Furthermore, more than half of all children and adolescents worldwide are failing to meet minimum proficiency standards in reading and mathematics.

UNICEF’s contribution towards reaching this goal centres on equity and inclusion to provide all children with quality learning opportunities and skills development programmes, from early childhood through adolescence. UNICEF works with governments worldwide to raise the quality and inclusiveness of schools.  

UNICEF is custodian for global monitoring of Indicator 4.2.1 Percentage of children (aged 24–59 months) developmentally on track in at least 3 of the 4 following domains: literacy-numeracy, physical, socio-emotional and learning.

Child-related SDG indicators

Target 4.1 by 2030, ensure that all girls and boys complete free, equitable and quality primary and secondary education leading to relevant and effective learning outcomes.

Proportion of children and young people: (a) in grades 2/3; (b) at the end of primary; and (c) at the end of lower secondary achieving at least a minimum proficiency level in (i) reading and (ii) mathematics, by sex

• Indicator definition
• Computation method
• Comments & limitations

Explore the data

The indicator aims to measure the percentage of children and young people who have achieved the minimum learning outcomes in reading and mathematics during or at the end of the relevant stages of education.

The higher the figure, the higher the proportion of children and/or young people reaching at least minimum proficiency in the respective domain (reading or mathematic) with the limitations indicated under the “Comments and limitations” section.

The indicator is also a direct measure of the learning outcomes achieved in the two subject areas at the end of the relevant stages of education. The three measurement points will have their own established minimum standard. There is only one threshold that divides students into above and below minimum:

Below minimum refers to the proportion or percentage of students who do not achieve a minimum standard as set up by countries according to the globally-defined minimum competencies.

Above minimum refers to the proportion or percentage of students who have achieved the minimum standards. Due to heterogeneity of performance levels set by national and cross-national assessments, these performance levels will have to be mapped to the globally-defined minimum performance levels. Once the performance levels are mapped, the global education community will be able to identify for each country the proportion or percentage of children who achieved minimum standards.

(a) Minimum proficiency level (MPL) is the benchmark of basic knowledge in a domain (mathematics, reading, etc.) measured through learning assessments. In September 2018, an agreement was reached on a verbal definition of the global minimum proficiency level of reference for each of the areas and domains of Indicator 4.1.1 as described in the document entitled: Minimum Proficiency Levels (MPLs): Outcomes of the consensus building meeting ( http://gaml.uis.unesco.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2019/02/MPLs_revised_doc_20190204.docx ).

Minimum proficiency levels (MPLs) defined by each learning assessment to ensure comparability across learning assessments; a verbal definition of MPL for each domain and levels between cross-national assessments (CNAs) were established by conducting an analysis of the performance level descriptors, the descriptions of the performance levels to express the knowledge and skills required to achieve each performance level by domain, of cross-national, regional and community-led tests in reading and mathematics. The analysis was led and completed by the UIS and a consensus among experts on the proposed methodology was deemed adequate and pragmatic.

The global MPL definitions for the domains of reading and mathematics are presented here (insert link)

The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) reading test has six proficiency levels, of which Level 2 is described as the minimum proficiency level. In Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS), there are four proficiency levels: Low, Intermediate, High and Advanced. Students reaching the Intermediate benchmark are able to apply basic knowledge in a variety of situations, similar to the idea of minimum proficiency. Currently, there are no common standards validated by the international community or countries. The indicator shows data published by each of the agencies and organizations specialised in cross-national learning assessments.

(a) The number of children and/or young people at the relevant stage of education n in year t achieving at least the pre-defined proficiency level in subject s expressed as a percentage of the number of children and/or young people at stage of education n, in year t, in any proficiency level in subjects.

Harmonize various data sources To address the challenges posed by the limited capacity of some countries to implement cross- national, regional and national assessments, actions have been taken by the UIS and its partners. The strategies are used according to its level of precision and following a reporting protocol ( http://gaml.uis.unesco.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2019/05/GAML6-WD-2-Protocol-for-reporting-4.1.1_v1.pdf ) that includes the national assessments under specific circumstances.

Out-of-school children In 2016, 263 million children, adolescents and youth were out of school, representing nearly one-fifth of the global population of this age group. 63 million, or 24% of the total, are children of primary school age (typically 6 to 11 years old); 61 million, or 23% of the total, are adolescents of lower secondary school age (typically 12 to 14 years old); and 139 million, or 53% of the total, are youth of upper secondary school age (about 15 to 17 years old). Not all these kids will be permanently outside school, some will re-join the educational system and, eventually, complete late, while some of them will enter late. The quantity varies per country and region and demands some adjustment in the estimate of Indicator 4.1.1. There is currently a discussion on how to implement these adjustments to reflect all the population. In 2017, the UIS proposed to make adjustments using the out-of-school children and the completion rates.( http://uis.unesco.org/en/blog/helping-countries-improve-their-data-out-school-children ) and the completion rates.

Learning outcomes from cross-national learning assessment are directly comparable for all countries which participated in the same cross-national learning assessments. However, these outcomes are not comparable across different cross-national learning assessments or with national learning assessments. A level of comparability of learning outcomes across assessments could be achieved by using different methodologies, each with varying standard errors. The period of 2020-2021 will shed light on the standard errors’ size for these methodologies.

The comparability of learning outcomes over time has additional complications, which require, ideally, to design and implement a set of comparable items as anchors in advance. Methodological developments are underway to address comparability of assessments outcomes over time.

While data from many national assessments are available now, every country sets its own standards so the performance levels might not be comparable. One option is to link existing regional assessments based on a common framework. Furthermore, assessments are typically administered within school systems, the current indicators cover only those in school and the proportion of in-school target populations might vary from country to country due to varied out-of-school children populations. Assessing competencies of children and young people who are out of school would require household-based surveys. Assessing children in households is under consideration but may be very costly and difficult to administer and unlikely to be available on the scale needed within the next 3-5 years. Finally, the calculation of this indicator requires specific information on the ages of children participating in assessments to create globally-comparable data. The ages of children reported by the head of the household might not be consistent and reliable so the calculation of the indicator may be even more challenging. Due to the complication in assessing out-of-school children and the main focus on improving education system, the UIS is taking a stepping stone approach. It will concentrate on assessing children in school in the medium term, where much data are available, then develop more coherent implementation plan to assess out-of-school children in the longer term.

Click on the button below to explore the data behind this indicator.

Completion rate (primary education, lower secondary education, upper secondary education)

A completion rate of 100% indicates that all children and adolescents have completed a level of education by the time they are 3 to 5 years older than the official age of entry into the last grade of that level of education. A low completion rate indicates low or delayed entry into a given level of education, high drop-out, high repetition, late completion, or a combination of these factors.

Percentage of a cohort of children or young people aged 3-5 years above the intended age for the last grade of each level of education who have completed that grade.

The intended age for the last grade of each level of education is the age at which pupils would enter the grade if they had started school at the official primary entrance age, had studied full-time and had progressed without repeating or skipping a grade.

For example, if the official age of entry into primary education is 6 years, and if primary education has 6 grades, the intended age for the last grade of primary education is 11 years. In this case, 14-16 years (11 + 3 = 14 and 11 + 5 = 16) would be the reference age group for calculation of the primary completion rate.

The number of persons in the relevant age group who have completed the last grade of a given level of education is divided by the total population (in the survey sample) of the same age group.

The age group 3-5 years above the official age of entry into the last grade for a given level of education was selected for the calculation of the completion rate to allow for some delayed entry or repetition. In countries where entry can occur very late or where repetition is common, some children or adolescents in the age group examined may still attend school and the eventual rate of completion may therefore be underestimated.

The indicator is calculated from household survey data and is subject to time lag in the availability of data. When multiple surveys are available, they may provide conflicting information due to the possible presence of sampling and non-sampling errors in survey data. The Technical Cooperation Group on the Indicators for SDG 4 – Education 2030 (TCG) has requested a refinement of the methodology to model completion rate estimates, following an approach similar to that used for the estimation of child mortality rates. The model would ensure that common challenges with household survey data, such as timeliness and sampling or non-sampling errors are addressed to provide up-to-date and more robust data.

TARGET 4.2 By 2030, ensure that all girls and boys have access to quality early childhood development, care and pre-primary education so that they are ready for primary education

Proportion of children aged 24-59 months of age who are developmentally on track in health, learning and psychosocial well-being, by sex.

Early childhood development (ECD) sets the stage for life-long thriving. Investing in ECD is one of the most critical and cost-effective investments a country can make to improve adult health, education and productivity in order to build human capital and promote sustainable development. ECD is equity from the start and provides a good indication of national development. Efforts to improve ECD can bring about human, social and economic improvements for both individuals and societies.

The recommended measure for SDG 4.2.1 is the Early Childhood Development Index 2030 (ECDI2030) which is a 20-item instrument to measure developmental outcomes among children aged 24 to 59 months in population-based surveys. The indicator derived from the ECDI2030 is the proportion of children aged 24 to 59 months who have achieved the minimum number of milestones expected for their age group, defined as follows:

– Children age 24 to 29 months are classified as developmentally on-track if they have achieved at least 7 milestones – Children age 30 to 35 months are classified as developmentally on-track if they have achieved at least 9 milestones – Children age 36 to 41 months are classified as developmentally on-track if they have achieved at least 11 milestones – Children age 42 to 47 months are classified as developmentally on-track if they have achieved at least 13 milestones – Children age 48 to 59 months are classified as developmentally on-track if they have achieved at least 15 milestones

SDG indicator 4.2.1 is intended to capture the multidimensional and holistic nature of early childhood development. For this reason, the indicator is not intended to be disaggregated by domains since development in all areas (health, learning and psychosocial wellbeing) are interconnected and overlapping, particularly among young children. The indicator is intended to produce a single summary score to indicate the proportion of children considered to be developmentally on track.

The domains included in the indicator for SDG indicator 4.2.1 include the following concepts:

Health: gross motor development, fine motor development and self-care Learning: expressive language, literacy, numeracy, pre-writing, and executive functioning Psychosocial well-being: emotional skills, social skills, internalizing behavior, and externalizing behavior

The number of children aged 24 to 59 months who are developmentally on track in health, learning and psychosocial well-being divided by the total number of children aged 24 to 59 months in the population multiplied by 100.

SDG 4.2.1 was initially classified as Tier 3 and was upgraded to Tier 2 in 2019; additionally, changes to the indicator were made during the 2020 comprehensive review. In light of this and given that the ECDI2030 was officially released in March 2020, it will take some time for country uptake and implementation of the new measure and for data to become available from a sufficiently large enough number of countries. Therefore, in the meantime, a proxy indicator (children aged 36-59 months who are developmentally ontrack in at least three of the following four domains: literacy-numeracy, physical, social-emotional and learning) will be used to report on 4.2.1, when relevant. This proxy indicator has been used for global SDG reporting since 2015 but is not fully aligned with the definition and age group covered by the SDG indicator formulation. When the proxy indicator is used for SDG reporting on 4.2.1 for a country, it will be footnoted as such in the global SDG database.

Click on the button below to explore the data behind this indicator’s proxy; Children aged 36-59 months who are developmentally ontrack in at least three of the following four domains: literacy-numeracy, physical, social-emotional and learning . For more information about this proxy indicator, please see “Comments and Limitations”

Adjusted net attendance rate, one year before the official primary entry age

The indicator measures children’s exposure to organized learning activities in the year prior to the official age to start of primary school as a representation of access to quality early childhood care and pre-primary education. One year prior to the start of primary school is selected for international comparison. A high value of the indicator shows a high degree of participation in organized learning immediately before the official entrance age to primary education.

The participation rate in organized learning (one year before the official primary entry age), by sex as defined as the percentage of children in the given age range who participate in one or more organized learning programme, including programmes which offer a combination of education and care. Participation in early childhood and in primary education are both included. The age range will vary by country depending on the official age for entry to primary education.

An organized learning programme is one which consists of a coherent set or sequence of educational activities designed with the intention of achieving pre-determined learning outcomes or the accomplishment of a specific set of educational tasks. Early childhood and primary education programmes are examples of organized learning programmes.

Early childhood and primary education are defined in the 2011 revision of the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED 2011). Early childhood education is typically designed with a holistic approach to support children’s early cognitive, physical, social and emotional development and to introduce young children to organized instruction outside the family context. Primary education offers learning and educational activities designed to provide students with fundamental skills in reading, writing and mathematics and establish a solid foundation for learning and understanding core areas of knowledge and personal development. It focuses on learning at a basic level of complexity with little, if any, specialisation.

The official primary entry age is the age at which children are obliged to start primary education according to national legislation or policies. Where more than one age is specified, for example, in different parts of a country, the most common official entry age (i.e. the age at which most children in the country are expected to start primary) is used for the calculation of this indicator at the global level.

The number of children in the relevant age group who participate in an organized learning programme is expressed as a percentage of the total population in the same age range. From household surveys, both enrolments and population are collected at the same time.

Participation in learning programmes in the early years is not full time for many children, meaning that exposure to learning environments outside of the home will vary in intensity. The indicator measures the percentage of children who are exposed to organized learning but not the intensity of the programme, which limits the ability to draw conclusions on the extent to which this target is being achieved. More work is needed to ensure that the definition of learning programmes is consistent across various surveys and defined in a manner that is easily understood by survey respondents, ideally with complementary information collected on the amount of time children spend in learning programmes.

TARGET 4.a Build and upgrade education facilities that are child, disability and gender sensitive and provide safe, non-violent, inclusive and effective learning environments for all

Proportion of schools offering basic services, by type of service.

This indicator measures the presence of basic services and facilities in school that are necessary to ensure a safe and effective learning environment for all students. A high value indicates that schools have good access to the relevant services and facilities. Ideally each school should have access to all these services and facilities.

The percentage of schools by level of education (primary education) with access to the given facility or service

Electricity: Regularly and readily available sources of power (e.g. grid/mains connection, wind, water, solar and fuel-powered generator, etc.) that enable the adequate and sustainable use of ICT infrastructure for educational purposes.

Internet for pedagogical purposes: Internet that is available for enhancing teaching and learning and is accessible by pupils. Internet is defined as a worldwide interconnected computer network, which provides pupils access to a number of communication services including the World Wide Web and carries e-mail, news, entertainment and data files, irrespective of the device used (i.e. not assumed to be only via a computer) and thus can also be accessed by mobile telephone, tablet, PDA, games machine, digital TV etc.). Access can be via a fixed narrowband, fixed broadband, or via mobile network.

Computers for pedagogical use: Use of computers to support course delivery or independent teaching and learning needs. This may include activities using computers or the Internet to meet information needs for research purposes; develop presentations; perform hands-on exercises and experiments; share information; and participate in online discussion forums for educational purposes. A computer is a programmable electronic device that can store, retrieve and process data, as well as share information in a highly-structured manner. It performs high-speed mathematical or logical operations according to a set of instructions or algorithms.

Computers include the following types: -A desktop computer usually remains fixed in one place; normally the user is placed in front of it, behind the keyboard; – A laptop computer is small enough to carry and usually enables the same tasks as a desktop computer; it includes notebooks and netbooks but does not include tablets and similar handheld devices; and – A tablet (or similar handheld computer) is a computer that is integrated into a flat touch screen, operated by touching the screen rather than using a physical keyboard.

Adapted infrastructure is defined as any built environment related to education facilities that are accessible to all users, including those with different types of disability, to be able to gain access to use and exit from them. Accessibility includes ease of independent approach, entry, evacuation and/or use of a building and its services and facilities (such as water and sanitation), by all of the building’s potential users with an assurance of individual health, safety and welfare during the course of those activities.

Adapted materials include learning materials and assistive products that enable students and teachers with disabilities/functioning limitations to access learning and to participate fully in the school environment.

Accessible learning materials include textbooks, instructional materials, assessments and other materials that are available and provided in appropriate formats such as audio, braille, sign language and simplified formats that can be used by students and teachers with disabilities/functioning limitations.

Basic drinking water is defined as a functional drinking water source (MDG ‘improved’ categories) on or near the premises and water points accessible to all users during school hours.

Basic sanitation facilities are defined as functional sanitation facilities (MDG ‘improved’ categories) separated for males and females on or near the premises.

Basic handwashing facilities are defined as functional handwashing facilities, with soap and water available to all girls and boys.

The number of schools in a given level of education with access to the relevant facilities is expressed as a percentage of all schools at that level of education.

The indicator measures the existence in schools of the given service or facility but not its quality or operational state.

For every child to learn, UNICEF has eight key asks of governments:

• A demonstration of how the SDG 4 global ambitions are being nationalized into plans, policies, budgets, data collection efforts and reports.
• A renewed commitment to education to recover learning losses and manage impacts of COVID-19.
• The implementation and scaling of digital learning solutions and innovations to reimagine education.
• Attention to skills development should be a core component to education.
• Focus to provide quality education to the most vulnerable – including girls, children affected by conflict and crisis, children with disabilities, refugees and displaced children.
• A continued commitment to improving access to pre-primary, primary and secondary education for all, including for children from minority groups and those with disabilities.
• A renewed focus on learning outcomes and their enablers, including learning in safe and adequate environments, support by well-trained teachers and structured content.
• The implementation of SDG-focused learning throughout schools to raise awareness and inspire positive action.

Learn more about  UNICEF’s key asks for implementing Goal 4

See more Sustainable Development Goals

ZERO HUNGER

GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING

QUALITY EDUCATION

GENDER EQUALITY

CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION

AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY

DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

REDUCED INEQUALITIES

CLIMATE ACTION

PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS

PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Quality Assurance in Education and Training'

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Al-Omari, Khaled Mohammed. "Quality assurance mechanisms in Jordanian primary teacher education programmes." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368323.

Zitha, Elias Velaphi. "Quality assurance in education and training programmes in business with special rereference to adult literacy an empirical survey /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06142006-083854/.

Gragen, Michael M. "Department of Defense financial management education and training programs a survey of quality assurance methods /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA256211.

Al-Baharna, Basim. "Developing a quality assurance model in further education and vocational training : a case study of the Bahrain Training Institute." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268599.

Houston, Tony. "Perspectives on the development and implementation of the quality assurance system for National Vocational Qualifications." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298028.

Senarath, Nanayakkara G. L., Klaus D. Neumann, and Philipp Pohlenz. "Quality assurance in Sri Lankan Teacher Training : evaluation procedures for the assessment of the internship period." Universität Potsdam, 2006. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/2201/.

Bull, Roger. "Managing quality assurance and enhancement processes in higher education with special reference to initial teacher training provision." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2002. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/6462/.

Wasserman, Elizabeth. "Implementation evaluation as a dimension of the quality assurance of a new programme for medical education and training." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16079.

Renner, Jasmine R. "E-Learning Training Manual: Best Practices and Quality Assurance For Developing and Creating E-learning Courses in Colleges and Universities." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. http://amzn.com/151192845X.

Tobedza, Asalepele. "Quality management strategies for technical and vocational education and training institutions in Botswana." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2223.

com, ashri_ha@hotmail, and Ashri Haji Ahmad. "Quality Assurance of the Assessment Process in Brunei Darussalam Vocational and Technical Education: Stakeholders' Perceptions and Future Challenges." Murdoch University, 2007. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20070917.103229.

Le, Roux Moses Jakobus. "Principals and their possible power to influence quality education." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20015.

Pisco, Marisa Rute Magro. "Motivação na implementação de um sistema de garantia de qualidade alinhado com o quadro EQAVET. Estudo de caso em operadores de educação e formação profissional." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/25618.

Williams, Morris. "Quality assurance in transnational education." Thesis, University of Bath, 2018. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760999.

Ntshewula, Nombulelo. "Teacher's and principal's perceptions of the integrated quality management system (IQMS) in three Butterworth District schools." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007301.

Hammons, Rebecca L. "Continuing professional education for software quality assurance." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/759.

Haycock, Adam Vaughan. "Quality assurance of training in diagnostic and therapeutic gastrointestinal endoscopy." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/6069.

Farrell, Bridget. "Quality assurance and learnerships : the evaluation of a quality assurance instrument for learnerships in the Serviceseta." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50634.

Syme, David, and n/a. "Culture and Quality Assurance : an exploration of the relationship between organisational culture and the introduction of quality assurance in small training organisations." University of Canberra. Professional & Community Education, 1999. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061109.115434.

Setzepfand, Lena, Ida Kristina Kühn, and Anja-Christina Hinrichs. "Quality Assurance in Vocational Orientation through Entrepreneurship Education." 名古屋大学大学院教育発達科学研究科 技術・職業教育学研究室, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/20873.

Idobo, Michael, and res cand@acu edu au. "Quality Assurance Processes: The nature, outcomes and effectiveness of quality Assurance Processes of the Catholic Education Office, Sydney." Australian Catholic University. School of Educational Leadership, 1999. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp212.01092009.

Naidoo, Dhanasagran. "Organisational culture and external quality assurance." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1467.

Li, Yuan. "Quality assurance in Chinese higher education : reflecting student learning?" Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/quality-assurance-in-chinese-higher-education-reflecting-student-learning(89ef6fc6-68de-4951-848d-eb3f08a00345).html.

Tsui, Chung Bing Sum Cecilia. "Quality assurance in higher education : a Hong Kong perspective." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/18026/.

Sakr, Riad. "Quality assurance in higher education institutions : contingent assessment system." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1A008/document.

Kettunen, J. (Juha). "Essays on strategic management and quality assurance." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2009. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514291784.

Pule, Gomotsegang J. P. "Perceptions of stakeholders about quality assurance in higher education in Botswana." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46167.

Dias, Maria da Conceicao Loureiro. "Quality management in higher education in Mozambique." Thesis, Bangor University, 1998. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/quality-management-in-higher-education-in-mozambique(8b6a2ab3-e3aa-43a4-9448-b9a975c89b7c).html.

Brooks, Elizabeth A. Baker Paul J. "Quality Assurance and Improvement Planning and the education of special education students." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9927765.

Tsevi, Linda. "Quality assurance in private higher education| The case of Ghana." Thesis, State University of New York at Albany, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3720240.

This study explores private higher education and implementation of quality assurance procedures in Ghana, a country in West Africa. While focusing on the three main isomorphic classifications (coercive, mimetic and normative) of DiMaggio and Powell’s (1983) institutional theory, this study examines how regulatory measures are not only designed to enhance the quality of private higher education institutions, but also how they impact the efforts employed by private providers towards meeting quality assurance standards in the environment in which they are located. Using a qualitative methodology, participants from five private university colleges and two private chartered institutions are selected as constituting the sample for this study. In addition, quality assurance documents from the website of the Ghana’s National Accreditation Board (NAB) as well as documents from the websites of seven private higher education institutions are coded using NVivo 10 to determine the kind of efforts made by institutions to convey the message of legitimacy across to students and other clientele. Other participants are officials from the NAB, higher education specialists and retired faculty of public higher education institutions in Ghana. In general, the outcome of open-ended interviews with selected participants as well as documents analyzed found evidence of efforts private institutions are making towards meeting their quality assurance requirements through mimetic, coercive and normative isomorphism. These are indicated through institutional affiliations, conformity to mentoring (supervising) institution’s programs, quality assurance requirements and measures established in conformity to the NAB requirements. Higher education specialists advocate that a specific policy aimed at addressing shortage of faculty members in Sub-Saharan Africa should be formulated to take on a more regional dimension. The Ghanaian private higher education landscape has a number of issues including shortage of academic and non-academic staff, dependence on adjunct faculty, and non-compliance to time frame given for program and institutional accreditation. These issues will require a holistic approach involving the NAB and the PHEIs in order to find long lasting solutions. As a result of the continual growth of private higher education providers in Ghana, it is imperative that the NAB make the quality assurance process very welcoming to genuine actors.

Abu-Baker, Mutaaya Sirajee. "Decentralization and quality assurance in the Ugandan primary education sector." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/57390.

Okafor, Theresa Udumaga. "External quality assurance in higher education : Nigeria and South Africa." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/34463/.

Saladyanant, Tasana. "Quality assurance of information science program: Chiang Mai University." School of Communication & Information, Nanyang Technological University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105376.

Joshi, Adesh. "Quality assurance of teaching and learning in Indian higher education institutions." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2018. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/422154/.

Almadani, Khaled Ahmed. "Quality assurance related to secondary education in the Kingdom of Bahrain." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2012. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/1de65274-d621-4817-9b0c-c2a27f9e799c.

Stander, Elmarie. "Managing quality assurance in private higher education institutions in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/58469.

Chavarin, Joya L. "Understanding School Readiness in Context| The Quality-Assurance Dilemma for Pre-K Directors." Thesis, Mills College, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10257466.

A growing body of research suggests that any serious effort to eliminate the achievement gap in U.S. schools must address the school-readiness gap upon school entry (Sadowski, 2006). As a result, preschool programs remain the focus of public policy interests as a possible solution to address achievement shortfalls (Cannon & Karoly, 2007). The question of whether a child is “ready” for school is a dynamic one and depends on complex interaction between early experiences and child, family, and community characteristics. The purpose of this study was to examine the circumstances and conditions of school readiness and what it looks like in practice through the lens of the Head Start preschool director. Based on the results of program observation, interview, focus group, and child-outcome assessment data, a case for an ecological approach to school readiness was made. Furthermore, the results identified strengths, weaknesses, and challenges experienced by one Head Start preschool director striving to create a high- quality program for the purpose of getting young learners ready for school. Based on the findings, recommendations are made to make California’s early learning system more coherent and effective.

Bugg, Kent A. Baker Paul J. "Quality assurance and improvement planning in Illinois high schools." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9995664.

Watermeyer, John Westerton. "Quality assurance in high schools through regression analysis." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17553.

Woldeyes, Melese M. "Access to quality postgraduate education through distance education in Ethiopia." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45884.

Elassy, Noha. "Student involvement in the quality assurance process in the higher education institutions." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=182287.

Selesho, Jacob M. "The historical perspectives of Quality Assurance in South African Higher Education Institution." Interim : Interdisciplinary Journal, Vol 5, Issue 1: Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/417.

Duvenhage, C. J., and Beer K. J. De. "Research on Quality Assurance at the Regional Learning Centre Kimberley, Central University of Technology, Free State." Interim : Interdisciplinary Journal, Vol 5, Issue 1: Bloemfontein : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/413.

Phenduka, Ntaeboso. "Internal quality assurance of a distance teacher education programme : the case of Lesotho." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40394.

Henworth, Andrew Timothy. "Quality in land-based further education and training." Thesis, University of Hull, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389465.

Chan, Yee-wan. "Teachers' perceptions of 'quality assurance inspection' in relation to school improvement : a case study /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B24606248.

Sarkhel, Juran Krishna. "Quality assurance and accreditation of LIS education in Indian universities: Issues and perspectives." School of Communication & Information, Nanyang Technological University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/106273.

Harris, Maleecka. "Quality assurance in higher education: a managerial perspective at a university of technology." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1208.

Griffiths, Alexander. "Forecasting failure : assessing risks to quality assurance in higher education using machine learning." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/forecasting-failure(aacc8294-15ba-4a4a-93d6-329843dfcfd9).html.

Chase, David M. "HIGHER EDUCATION ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE, QUALITY ASSURANCE PRACTICE, AND TEACHING AND LEARNING IN ARTS DISCIPLINES." Scholarly Commons, 2020. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3721.

#theuntoldstories

Sierra Leone’s Free Quality Education; Successes, Challenges, and Proffering Solutions

By: christian conteh.

The President of Sierra Leone, Julius Maada Bio, brought one of the most ambitious proposals to the table ‘Free Quality Education’ (FQE). It quickly captivated the minds of the country’s youthful population and was a major reason for his victory in the 2018 presidential polls.

Less than six months in office the initiative was launched as the government’s flagship programme on the 20th of August 2018 with its package and implementation strategy announced. It started full swing the following month of September 2018.

In the area of successes, the Free Quality Education (FQE) boosted school enrollment statistics from the 2019 Annual School Census revealed. The FQE programme has most noticeably seen some remarkable increase in student enrolment. The figures from the 2019 census stood at about 700,000.

Available data further reveals a significant increase in the number of schools approved for Government support. 53.4% of pre-primary, 78.7% of primary, 76.7% of junior secondary, and 80.4% of senior secondary schools. The gross admission rate has also increased by 30 and 34 percentage points for boys and girls, respectively between 2018 and 2019.

Amidst this success, this good initiative has over the years been met with its own fair share of challenges including: Limited teaching staff, school growth and availability of adequate infrastructure, lack of hygiene and sanitation facilities and not up to date or no laboratory, electricity and ICT centre.

Mrs. Musu M Alie is the Principal of Nusrat Jahan Girls School she said she appreciates government for paying the fees as it now means they no longer struggle to collect fees from parents. However, the late payment and underpayment is a big concern.

“I am an example, in 2018 when the FQE started I was underpaid to the tune of 30 million leones for that year, at another time I had an 11 million Leones shortage from the subsidy due to the school, so nothing developmental could be done for the school that year.”

She further noted that if this shortage continues she may have to reduce her kids to correspond with the resources made available to her.

Ishmail Nallo is Principal Ahmadiyya Senior Secondary School Bo, he also doubles as the National Chairman Conference of Principles of Secondary Schools in Sierra Leone, he says the government has indeed been paying fees for all school-going children, but the challenge is that the fees come in late and this affects the budgetary allocation or planning of the school.

“For effective and efficient school administration we expect this subsidy to be paid at least before or latest on the 1st week of the reopening of schools. Worst of all it will interest you to note that I have run this school without subsidy for quite a while and I sometimes cannot put my finances together since it has created a huge vacuum which I am yet to fill.”

Michael Kossia is Vice-Principal Government Secondary School Bo. He confirms that there is a lack of motivation for teachers revealing that there are still a lot of unapproved teachers most without pin codes.

“We now exert all our time and energy on the children yet our conditions of service remain a challenge, most teachers are demotivated and some do not teach with their maximum capacity.”

Lucy Boi Pompae is a teacher at the Tahir Ahmadiyya Junior Secondary School for boys, she noted that the initiative is like having a boat, the children are the passengers and the teachers are the operators, if the operator does not have the requisite tools to operate, you think that journey will be successful? She asked.

 “If the Free Quality Education should be a success there must be a special incentive for teachers who opt to go to remote areas, that is a policy that exists but has never been implemented,” she noted.

Proffering Solutions- It’s been a bumpy ride so far but as we checkmate the process we also have a responsibility to ensure we bring up creative ways to ensure this initiative succeeds devoid of party, region, tribe, or any other sentiments This ‘Bold’ and ‘Ambitious’ project is indeed achievable.

There is no rigid recipe for scaling up the Free Quality Education there are however successful tried and tested efforts that have helped other countries succeed. In a nutshell, the success of the initiative requires paying special attention to design and delivery, stable access to finance, and an enabling policy environment.

Design: Improving learning exponentially starts with committed leaders planning for exceptional progress from the outset. This does not suggest limitless growth, but rather, a clear vision of what the endgame is and a theory of change about the best way to get there. The launch of the Free Quality Education is clearly in line with the design, and a step in the right direction.

One essential element of designing a progressive initiative in the educational sector is to develop programs and policies that students, parents, or teachers actually want not ones that government, practitioners, or funders think they need.

Delivery: As important as design is, it is also essential to pay attention to the operational realities of implementing or delivering at a large scale. This involves a combination of technical and political actions. It requires seizing opportunities to respond directly to immediate challenges facing the scheme and harnessing new technology.

Finance: Expanding quality learning opportunities certainly takes resources, and, as the Global Partnership for Education detailed in one of its policy briefs, domestic and international investments in education are still woefully inadequate to meet the educational needs of all children and youth. Access to those resources is no more important than how they are structured and allocated.

Regardless of the source, I have discovered that stability, flexibility, and predictability in financing are critical if we as a nation indeed seek lasting changes in children’s learning.

An enabling environment: As critical as the above three aspects are, scaling does not happen in a vacuum. Evidence from case studies and literature review shows that the ecosystem in which programs or policies operate plays a critical role in facilitating or impeding the progress of that programme or policy.

For good ideas to flourish and spread, the government must accept responsibility for ensuring a quality education for all, reaching out to a range of partners, and considering new ways of improving learning.

In all the countries where the educational system has developed the governments acknowledged that education was the key to socio-economic and political transformation. It also acknowledged that education was a basic human right, which played a pivotal role in combating ignorance, disease, and poverty.

This fellowship story is produced with funding from the Journalist for Human Rights (Jhr) in partnership with the Sierra Leone Association of Journalists (SLAJ).

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