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Writing Your Doctoral Thesis with Style

• First Online: 29 November 2022

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Gosling, P., Noordam, B. (2022). Writing Your Doctoral Thesis with Style. In: Mastering Your PhD. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11417-5_20

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• What Is a PhD Thesis?
• Doing a PhD

This page will explain what a PhD thesis is and offer advice on how to write a good thesis, from outlining the typical structure to guiding you through the referencing. A summary of this page is as follows:

• A PhD thesis is a concentrated piece of original research which must be carried out by all PhD students in order to successfully earn their doctoral degree.
• The fundamental purpose of a thesis is to explain the conclusion that has been reached as a result of undertaking the research project.
• The typical PhD thesis structure will contain four chapters of original work sandwiched between a literature review chapter and a concluding chapter.
• There is no universal rule for the length of a thesis, but general guidelines set the word count between 70,000 to 100,000 words .

What Is a Thesis?

A thesis is the main output of a PhD as it explains your workflow in reaching the conclusions you have come to in undertaking the research project. As a result, much of the content of your thesis will be based around your chapters of original work.

For your thesis to be successful, it needs to adequately defend your argument and provide a unique or increased insight into your field that was not previously available. As such, you can’t rely on other ideas or results to produce your thesis; it needs to be an original piece of text that belongs to you and you alone.

What Should a Thesis Include?

Although each thesis will be unique, they will all follow the same general format. To demonstrate this, we’ve put together an example structure of a PhD thesis and explained what you should include in each section below.

Acknowledgements

This is a personal section which you may or may not choose to include. The vast majority of students include it, giving both gratitude and recognition to their supervisor, university, sponsor/funder and anyone else who has supported them along the way.

1. Introduction

Provide a brief overview of your reason for carrying out your research project and what you hope to achieve by undertaking it. Following this, explain the structure of your thesis to give the reader context for what he or she is about to read.

2. Literature Review

Set the context of your research by explaining the foundation of what is currently known within your field of research, what recent developments have occurred, and where the gaps in knowledge are. You should conclude the literature review by outlining the overarching aims and objectives of the research project.

3. Main Body

This section focuses on explaining all aspects of your original research and so will form the bulk of your thesis. Typically, this section will contain four chapters covering the below:

• your research/data collection methodologies,
• your results,
• a comprehensive analysis of your results,
• a detailed discussion of your findings.

Depending on your project, each of your chapters may independently contain the structure listed above or in some projects, each chapter could be focussed entirely on one aspect (e.g. a standalone results chapter). Ideally, each of these chapters should be formatted such that they could be translated into papers for submission to peer-reviewed journals. Therefore, following your PhD, you should be able to submit papers for peer-review by reusing content you have already produced.

4. Conclusion

The conclusion will be a summary of your key findings with emphasis placed on the new contributions you have made to your field.

When producing your conclusion, it’s imperative that you relate it back to your original research aims, objectives and hypotheses. Make sure you have answered your original question.

Finding a PhD has never been this easy – search for a PhD by keyword, location or academic area of interest.

How Many Words Is a PhD Thesis?

A common question we receive from students is – “how long should my thesis be?“.

Every university has different guidelines on this matter, therefore, consult with your university to get an understanding of their full requirements. Generally speaking, most supervisors will suggest somewhere between 70,000 and 100,000 words . This usually corresponds to somewhere between 250 – 350 pages .

We must stress that this is flexible, and it is important not to focus solely on the length of your thesis, but rather the quality.

How Do I Format My Thesis?

Although the exact formatting requirements will vary depending on the university, the typical formatting policies adopted by most universities are:

What Happens When I Finish My Thesis?

After you have submitted your thesis, you will attend a viva . A viva is an interview-style examination during which you are required to defend your thesis and answer questions on it. The aim of the viva is to convince your examiners that your work is of the level required for a doctoral degree. It is one of the last steps in the PhD process and arguably one of the most daunting!

For more information on the viva process and for tips on how to confidently pass it, please refer to our in-depth PhD Viva Guide .

How Do I Publish My Thesis?

Unfortunately, you can’t publish your thesis in its entirety in a journal. However, universities can make it available for others to read through their library system.

If you want to submit your work in a journal, you will need to develop it into one or more peer-reviewed papers. This will largely involve reformatting, condensing and tailoring it to meet the standards of the journal you are targeting.

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Know How to Structure Your PhD Thesis

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Table of Contents

In your academic career, few projects are more important than your PhD thesis. Unfortunately, many university professors and advisors assume that their students know how to structure a PhD. Books have literally been written on the subject, but there’s no need to read a book in order to know about PhD thesis paper format and structure. With that said, however, it’s important to understand that your PhD thesis format requirement may not be the same as another student’s. The bottom line is that how to structure a PhD thesis often depends on your university and department guidelines.

But, let’s take a look at a general PhD thesis format. We’ll look at the main sections, and how to connect them to each other. We’ll also examine different hints and tips for each of the sections. As you read through this toolkit, compare it to published PhD theses in your area of study to see how a real-life example looks.

Main Sections of a PhD Thesis

In almost every PhD thesis or dissertation, there are standard sections. Of course, some of these may differ, depending on your university or department requirements, as well as your topic of study, but this will give you a good idea of the basic components of a PhD thesis format.

• Abstract : The abstract is a brief summary that quickly outlines your research, touches on each of the main sections of your thesis, and clearly outlines your contribution to the field by way of your PhD thesis. Even though the abstract is very short, similar to what you’ve seen in published research articles, its impact shouldn’t be underestimated. The abstract is there to answer the most important question to the reviewer. “Why is this important?”
• Introduction : In this section, you help the reviewer understand your entire dissertation, including what your paper is about, why it’s important to the field, a brief description of your methodology, and how your research and the thesis are laid out. Think of your introduction as an expansion of your abstract.
• Literature Review : Within the literature review, you are making a case for your new research by telling the story of the work that’s already been done. You’ll cover a bit about the history of the topic at hand, and how your study fits into the present and future.
• Theory Framework : Here, you explain assumptions related to your study. Here you’re explaining to the review what theoretical concepts you might have used in your research, how it relates to existing knowledge and ideas.
• Methods : This section of a PhD thesis is typically the most detailed and descriptive, depending of course on your research design. Here you’ll discuss the specific techniques you used to get the information you were looking for, in addition to how those methods are relevant and appropriate, as well as how you specifically used each method described.
• Results : Here you present your empirical findings. This section is sometimes also called the “empiracles” chapter. This section is usually pretty straightforward and technical, and full of details. Don’t shortcut this chapter.
• Discussion : This can be a tricky chapter, because it’s where you want to show the reviewer that you know what you’re talking about. You need to speak as a PhD versus a student. The discussion chapter is similar to the empirical/results chapter, but you’re building on those results to push the new information that you learned, prior to making your conclusion.
• Conclusion : Here, you take a step back and reflect on what your original goals and intentions for the research were. You’ll outline them in context of your new findings and expertise.

Tips for your PhD Thesis Format

As you put together your PhD thesis, it’s easy to get a little overwhelmed. Here are some tips that might keep you on track.

• Don’t try to write your PhD as a first-draft. Every great masterwork has typically been edited, and edited, and…edited.
• Work with your thesis supervisor to plan the structure and format of your PhD thesis. Be prepared to rewrite each section, as you work out rough drafts. Don’t get discouraged by this process. It’s typical.
• Make your writing interesting. Academic writing has a reputation of being very dry.
• You don’t have to necessarily work on the chapters and sections outlined above in chronological order. Work on each section as things come up, and while your work on that section is relevant to what you’re doing.
• Don’t rush things. Write a first draft, and leave it for a few days, so you can come back to it with a more critical take. Look at it objectively and carefully grammatical errors, clarity, logic and flow.
• Know what style your references need to be in, and utilize tools out there to organize them in the required format.
• It’s easier to accidentally plagiarize than you think. Make sure you’re referencing appropriately, and check your document for inadvertent plagiarism throughout your writing process.

PhD Thesis Editing Plus

Want some support during your PhD writing process? Our PhD Thesis Editing Plus service includes extensive and detailed editing of your thesis to improve the flow and quality of your writing. Unlimited editing support for guaranteed results. Learn more here , and get started today!

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• Published: 06 July 2016

The past, present and future of the PhD thesis

Nature volume  535 ,  page 7 ( 2016 ) Cite this article

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• Research management

Writing a PhD thesis is a personal and professional milestone for many researchers. But the process needs to change with the times.

According to one of those often-quoted statistics that should be true but probably isn’t, the average number of people who read a PhD thesis all the way through is 1.6. And that includes the author. More interesting might be the average number of PhD theses that the typical scientist — and reader of Nature —  has read from start to finish. Would it reach even that (probably apocryphal) benchmark? What we know for sure is that the reading material keeps on coming, with tens of thousands of new theses typed up each year.

To what end? Reading back over a thesis can be like opening up a teenage diary: a painful reminder of a younger, more naive self. The prose is often rough and rambling, the analyses spotted with errors, the methods soundly eclipsed by modern ones. And students in the process of writing a thesis can find themselves in a very dark place indeed: lost in information, overwhelmed by literature, stuck for the next sentence, seduced by procrastination and wondering why on earth they signed up to this torture at all.

Two News Features this week reflect on that question. They examine the past, present and future of the PhD thesis and the oral examination that often accompanies it. In one, three leading scientists — including Francis Collins, director of the US National Institutes of Health — dig out and reread their theses for us, and talk about what they learned. Their musings (filmed and available in a series of videos ) show, reassuringly, that they are just the same as the rest of us. They made mistakes, had moments of self-doubt and considered quitting. (Collins actually did quit.) But their stories also reveal how it is important to have the long view in mind.

Thumbing through their theses now, they see how much they learned about the scientific process and how to conduct rigorous research. They realize how precious it was to be able to devote themselves to a single piece of original and creative work. And they feel a sense of accomplishment and pride — as everyone tends to after any difficult life challenge that they struggle with and eventually conquer.

Students could do themselves and their audience a favour by keeping it crisp and short.

Completing a thesis represents a coming of age not just scientifically, but also educationally and personally. It signals the passing of an intellectual milestone — from a student under the care of a supervisor to an individual who asks questions of their own. It marks the end of formal education, and graduation to a new phase in life. For many people, it also sees their departure from science altogether. Often, the PhD years coincide with significant personal events, as we mature emotionally and meet friends, partners and colleagues who will stay with us for life. All this can also turn thesis-writing into a more significant event than merely the writing up of a (usually) minor piece of science.

Still, it’s perhaps too easy to get sentimental over the thesis. For a start, the process has to keep up with the times. The PhD is already assessed in many different ways around the world (as the second News Feature describes ) and scientists should welcome ways to keep it relevant. The goal of PhD assessment everywhere remains, rightly, to demonstrate that a student has conducted, and can communicate, independent, original research. But the way in which that’s achieved can and should be improved.

For one thing, it doesn’t have to involve a vast printed volume. A lot of students could do themselves, their supervisors, their examiners and their wider audience a favour by keeping it crisp and short. Postgraduate supervisors should stress this at the beginning. And it’s important to make the work in the thesis available to future researchers by publishing or sharing the data in some form. To contribute to the world beyond the author’s immediate circle, a PhD thesis should be read and used, and not just serve as a shelf ornament or doorstop.

For those inspired to go back to their own thesis, and those who are examining a freshly written one, it’s best to be kind. As long as the fundamentals are there — the question is interesting and the approach and analysis rigorous — it’s fair to forgive the typos and the research paths that turned out to be dead ends. A PhD is, after all, training in research, and to try — and fail — is a valuable part of that course.

Do you know where your PhD thesis is? Dig it out and share with @NatureNews on Twitter using the hashtag #3wordthesis . You might even bump up that average readership.

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Back to the thesis 2016-Jul-06

What’s the point of the PhD thesis? 2016-Jul-06

Fix the PhD 2011-Apr-20

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How to tackle the PhD dissertation

Finding time to write can be a challenge for graduate students who often juggle multiple roles and responsibilities. Mabel Ho provides some tips to make the process less daunting

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Writing helps you share your work with the wider community. Your scholarship is important and you are making a valuable contribution to the field. While it might be intimidating to face a blank screen, remember, your first draft is not your final draft! The difficult part is getting something on the page to begin with. 

As the adage goes, a good dissertation is a done dissertation, and the goal is for you to find balance in your writing and establish the steps you can take to make the process smoother. Here are some practical strategies for tackling the PhD dissertation.

Write daily

This is a time to have honest conversations with yourself about your writing and work habits. Do you tackle the most challenging work in the morning? Or do you usually start with emails? Knowing your work routine will help you set parameters for the writing process, which includes various elements, from brainstorming ideas to setting outlines and editing. Once you are aware of your energy and focus levels, you’ll be ready to dedicate those times to writing.

While it might be tempting to block a substantial chunk of time to write and assume anything shorter is not useful, that is not the case. Writing daily, whether it’s a paragraph or several pages, keeps you in conversation with your writing practice. If you schedule two hours to write, remember to take a break during that time and reset. You can try:

• The Pomodoro Technique: a time management technique that breaks down your work into intervals
• Taking breaks: go outside for a walk or have a snack so you can come back to your writing rejuvenated
• Focus apps: it is easy to get distracted by devices and lose direction. Here are some app suggestions: Focus Bear (no free version); Forest (free version available); Cold Turkey website blocker (free version available) and Serene (no free version). 

This is a valuable opportunity to hone your time management and task prioritisation skills. Find out what works for you and put systems in place to support your practice. 

• Resources on academic writing for higher education professionals
• Stretch your work further by ‘triple writing’
• What is your academic writing temperament?

Create a community

While writing can be an isolating endeavour, there are ways to start forming a community (in-person or virtual) to help you set goals and stay accountable. There might be someone in your cohort who is also at the writing stage with whom you can set up a weekly check-in. Alternatively, explore your university’s resources and centres because there may be units and departments on campus that offer helpful opportunities, such as a writing week or retreat. Taking advantage of these opportunities helps combat isolation, foster accountability and grow networks. They can even lead to collaborations further down the line.

• Check in with your advisers and mentors. Reach out to your networks to find out about other people’s writing processes and additional resources.
• Don’t be afraid to share your work. Writing requires constant revisions and edits and finding people who you trust with feedback will help you grow as a writer. Plus, you can also read their work and help them with their editing process.
• Your community does not have to be just about writing!  If you enjoy going on hikes or trying new coffee shops, make that part of your weekly habit.  Sharing your work in different environments will help clarify your thoughts and ideas.

Address the why

The PhD dissertation writing process is often lengthy and it is sometimes easy to forget why you started. In these moments, it can be helpful to think back to what got you excited about your research and scholarship in the first place. Remember it is not just the work but also the people who propelled you forward. One idea is to start writing your “acknowledgements” section. Here are questions to get you started:

• Do you want to dedicate your work to someone? 
• What ideas sparked your interest in this journey? 
• Who cheered you on? 

This practice can help build momentum, as well as serve as a good reminder to carve out time to spend with your community. 

You got this!

Writing is a process. Give yourself grace, as you might not feel motivated all the time. Be consistent in your approach and reward yourself along the way. There is no single strategy when it comes to writing or maintaining motivation, so experiment and find out what works for you. 

Suggested readings

• Thriving as a Graduate Writer by Rachel Cayley (2023)
• Destination Dissertation by Sonja K. Foss and William Waters (2015)
• The PhD Writing Handbook by Desmond Thomas (2016).

Mabel Ho is director of professional development and student engagement at Dalhousie University.

If you would like advice and insight from academics and university staff delivered direct to your inbox each week,  sign up for the Campus newsletter .

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What is a dissertation abstract and how do I write one for my PhD?

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Russian (dolls) to the rescue – how to structure an argument in your PhD

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations

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• Proquest Theses and Dissertations (PQDT), a database of dissertations and theses, whether they were published electronically or in print, and mostly available for purchase. Access to PQDT may be limited; consult your local library for access information.

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• Universities Contributed in Shodhganga
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Anna University 15906

University of madras 15006, university of calcutta 14244, savitribai phule pune university 12765, university of mumbai 11589, aligarh muslim university 10293, chhatrapati sahuji maharaj university 10180, andhra university 10082, babasaheb bhimrao ambedkar bihar university 9675, panjab university 9443, abhilashi university 17, academy of scientific and innovative research (acsir) 2630, acharya nagarjuna university 2285, acharya narendra deva university of agriculture and technology, ayodhya 908, adamas university 45, adesh university 25, adichunchanagiri university, mandya 9, adikavi nannaya university, rajahmundry 58, agriculture university, jodhpur 3, agriculture university, kota 13, ahmedabad university 18, aks university 30, alagappa university 2478, alliance university 53, all india institute of medical science, bhopal 1, all india institute of medical sciences rishikesh 7, ambedkar university, delhi 60, amet university 141, amity university haryana 212, amity university, kolkata 2, amity university madhya pradesh 66, amity university, mumbai 32, amity university, noida 1182, amity university rajasthan 232, amrita vishwa vidyapeetham university 604, anand agricultural university 122, annamalai university 3244, apeejay stya university 23, apex university, rajasthan 41, a p goyal shimla university 14, apj abdul kalam technological university, thiruvananthapuram 53, arka jain university 3, arni university 8, arunachal university of studies 2, arunodaya university 2, aryabhatta knowledge university 31, ashoka university 1, assam agricultural university 151, assam don bosco university 123, assam down town university 82, assam rajiv gandhi university of cooperative management 2, assam science and technology university 8, assam university 2297, atal bihari vajpayee indian institute of information technology and management 103, atmiya university 20, auro university 1, avinashilingam institute for home science and higher education for women 723, awadhesh pratap singh university 968, baba ghulam shah badshah university 100, baba mastnath university 62, babasaheb bhimrao ambedkar university 525, babu banarasi das university 148, baddi university of emerging sciences & technology 7, bahra university 5, banaras hindu university 8094, banasthali vidyapith 2213, bangalore university 2500, bankura university 31, bareilly international university 5, barkatullah university 421, bennett university 37, berhampur university 207, bhagat phool singh mahila vishwavidyalaya 140, bhagwan mahavir university 1, bhagwant university 315, bhaikaka university 3, bhakta kavi narsinh mehta university 63, bharathiar university 7394, bharathidasan university 8300, bharath institute of higher education and research 711, bharati vidyapeeth deemed university 652, bhartiya skill development university jaipur 20, bhupendra narayan mandal university 5, bihar agricultural university 89, birla institute of management technology 11, birla institute of technology and science 1630, birla institute of technology, mesra 177, blde (deemed to be university) 54, bml munjal university, gurugram 7, bodoland university 105, brainware university 36, b s abdur rahman crescent institute of science & technology 316, bundelkhand university 2213, calorx teachers university 2, career point university 29, central institute of technology kokrajhar 15, central sanskrit university 351, central university of gujarat 362, central university of haryana 95, central university of himachal pradesh 131, central university of jammu 122, central university of jharkhand 87, central university of karnataka 148, central university of kashmir 253, central university of kerala 173, central university of odisha 36, central university of punjab 190, central university of rajasthan 258, central university of south bihar 39, central university of tamil nadu 118, centurion university of technology and management 72, centurion university of technology and management, vizianagaram 0, cept university 82, chaitanya university, hanamkonda 21, chanakya national law university 1, chandigarh university 136, chandra shekhar azad university of agriculture and technology 119, charotar university of science and technology 169, chaudhary charan singh university 3084, chaudhary devi lal university 281, chaudhary ranbir singh university 19, chaudhary sarwan kumar himachal pradesh krishi vishvavidyalaya 406, chettinad academy of research and education 164, chhatrapati shivaji maharaj university 3, chhattisgarh swami vivekanand technical university 149, childrens university 18, chitkara university 31, chitkara university, punjab 310, christ university 362, cmj university 2, cmr university 51, cochin university of science & technology 2773, cooch behar panchanan barma university 34, cotton university 32, ct university 56, c.u. shah university 200, c.v. raman global university 29, datta meghe institute of medical sciences 208, davangere university 118, dav university 32, dayalbagh educational institute 1231, dayananda sagar university 51, deccan college post graduate and research institute 380, deenbandhu chhotu ram university of science and technology, sonipat 193, deen dayal upadhyay gorakhpur university 841, defence institute of advanced technology 44, delhi pharmaceutical sciences & research university (dpsru) 19, delhi technological university 496, desh bhagat university 246, devi ahilya vishwavidyalaya 2296, dev sanskriti vishwavidyalaya 13, dharmsinh desai university 24, dhirubhai ambani institute of information and communication technology (da-iict) 77, diamond harbour women's university 11, dibrugarh university 966, dit university 94, doon university 55, dr. a.p.j. abdul kalam technical university 409, dravidian university 58, dr. babasaheb ambedkar marathwada university 5569, dr. babasaheb ambedkar open university 186, dr. babasaheb ambedkar technological university 51, dr b r ambedkar national institute of technology jalandhar 109, dr. b. r. ambedkar open university, hyderabad 1, dr. b. r. ambedkar university agra 6008, dr. c.v. raman university 318, dr. d. y. patil vidyapeeth, pune 167, dr. harisingh gour vishwavidhyalay 2300, dr. k n modi university 28, dr. m.g.r. educational and research institute 505, dr. panjabrao deshmukh krishi vidyapeeth, akola 50, dr. rammanohar lohia avadh university, faizabad 4638, dr ram manohar lohiya national law university 58, dr. sarvepalli radhakrishnan rajasthan ayurved university 191, dr shakuntala misra national rehabilitation university 74, dr. shyama prasad mukherjee international institute of information technology naya raipur 9, dr. vishwanath karad mit world peace university 23, dr. y.s. parmar university of horticulture and forestry 177, dr.y.s.r. horticultural university 24, d y patil university, kolhapur 67, entrepreneurship development institute of india 1, eternal university 7, fakir mohan university, balasore 165, forest research institute university 350, galgotias university 88, gangadhar meher university 86, ganpat university 165, garden city university 8, gauhati university 6328, gautam buddha university 240, g.b.pant university of agriculture & technology 172, gd goenka university 124, geetanjali university 44, g h raisoni university, amravati 23, giet university, gunupur 24, gitam university 928, gla university 230, glocal university 93, gls university 123, gna university 27, goa university 1093, gokhale institute of politics and economics 31, gokul global university 3, gondwana university 182, graphic era hill university dehradun 17, graphic era university 155, gujarat ayurveda university 5, gujarat forensic sciences university 26, gujarat national law university 21, gujarat technological university 367, gujarat university 4519, gujarat vidyapith 620, gulbarga university 1127, guru angad dev veterinary and animal sciences university 5, guru ghasidas university 353, guru gobind singh indraprastha university 640, guru jambheshwar university of science & technology 675, guru kashi university 367, gurukul kangri vishwavidyalaya 411, guru nanak dev university 2019, harcourt butler technical university 16, hemchandracharya north gujarat university 572, hemchand yadav vishwavidyalaya 47, hemwati nandan bahuguna garhwal university 950, himachal pradesh national law university 1, himachal pradesh university 3149, himalayan garhwal university 64, himgiri zee university 37, hindustan institute of technology and science 315, homi bhabha national institute 2575, homoeopathy university 26, icfai foundation for higher education, telangana 89, icfai university, dimapur nagaland 25, icfai university himachal pradesh 5, icfai university, jaipur 17, icfai university, jharkhand 45, icfai university, tripura 13, iec university 11, iftm university 297, iilm university, gurugram 11, iimt university, meerut 19, iis (deemed to be university) 413, i k gujral punjab technical university 850, ims unison university 15, indian institute of engineering science and technology, shibpur 450, indian institute of foreign trade 62, indian institute of information technology, allahabad 204, indian institute of information technology, design and manufacturing, iiitdm jabalpur 144, indian institute of information technology design & manufacturing kancheepuram 70, indian institute of information technology dharwad 2, indian institute of information technology guwahati 21, indian institute of information technology kalyani 2, indian institute of information technology nagpur 3, indian institute of informationtechnology, vadodara 1, indian institute of management ahmedabad 15, indian institute of management bangalore 47, indian institute of management (iim),indore 38, indian institute of management kashipur 21, indian institute of management kozhikode 27, indian institute of management lucknow 104, indian institute of management mumbai (formerly nitie) 72, indian institute of management raipur 47, indian institute of management rohtak 6, indian institute of management shillong 16, indian institute of management udaipur 1, indian institute of science bangalore 1207, indian institute of science education and research (iiser) bhopal 28, indian institute of science education and research (iiser) mohali 356, indian institute of science education and research (iiser) pune 521, indian institute of science education and research (iiser) thiruvananthapuram 210, indian institute of science education and research kolkata 105, indian institute of space science and technology 179, indian institute of teacher education 7, indian institute of technology bhilai 17, indian institute of technology bhubaneswar 76, indian institute of technology bombay 1677, indian institute of technology delhi 1884, indian institute of technology dharwad 9, indian institute of technology gandhinagar 39, indian institute of technology goa 3, indian institute of technology guwahati 2507, indian institute of technology hyderabad 290, indian institute of technology iit (bhu), varanasi 985, indian institute of technology indore 399, indian institute of technology (ism), dhanbad 1043, indian institute of technology jammu 20, indian institute of technology jodhpur 149, indian institute of technology kanpur 1, indian institute of technology kharagpur 814, indian institute of technology madras 1608, indian institute of technology mandi 254, indian institute of technology palakkad 16, indian institute of technology patna 148, indian institute of technology roorkee 490, indian institute of technology ropar 204, indian institute of technology tirupati 11, indian maritime university 1, indian school of mines 53, indian veterinary research institute, izatnagar 343, indira gandhi delhi technical university for women 59, indira gandhi institute of development research 105, indira gandhi national open university ignou 976, indira gandhi national tribal university, amarkantak 155, indira gandhi university meerpur,rewari 43, indira kala sangeet vishwavidyalaya 133, indraprastha institute of information technology, delhi (iiit-delhi) 137, indrashil university 4, indus international university 7, indus university 44, institute of advanced research, gandhinagar 14, institute of advanced studies in education (iase) 191, institute of chemical technnology, mumbai 105, institute of infrastructure technology research and management 35, institute of trans-disciplinary health science & technology 32, integral university 614, international institute for population sciences iips 366, international institute of information technology bangalore 66, international institute of information technology, hyderabad 192, international management institute 9, international management institute kolkata 2, invertis university, bareily 1, isbr business school 1, islamic university of science and technology 48, itm university, gwalior 28, jadavpur university 3964, jagadguru ramanadacharya rajasthan sanskrit university 2, jagannath university 212, jagannath university, jhajjar 42, jagran lakecity university 31, jai narain vyas university 590, jain university 754, jain vishwa bharati university 246, jai prakash vishwavidyalaya 3, jaipur national university 349, jamia hamdard university 939, jamia milia islamia university 2514, janardan rai nagar rajasthan vidhyapeeth 1, jawaharlal nehru architecture and fine arts university 7, jawaharlal nehru centre for advanced scientific research 42, jawaharlal nehru technological university, anantapuram 1317, jawaharlal nehru technological university, hyderabad 1468, jawaharlal nehru technological university, kakinada 310, jawaharlal nehru university 7411, jayoti vidyapeeth women s university 327, jaypee institute of information technology 336, jaypee university of engineering & technology, guna 122, jaypee university of information technology, solan 278, j. c. bose university of science and technology, ymca, faridabad 64, jecrc university 88, jharkhand rai university 48, jis university, kolkata 18, jiwaji university 2308, jk lakshmipat university 22, jodhpur national university 2, jss academy of higher education & research 403, jss science and technology university, mysuru 22, j.s. university, shikohabad 26, junagadh agricultural university 1, kadi sarva vishwavidyalaya 594, kakatiya university, warangal 526, kalasalingam university 406, kalinga institute of social sciences (kiss) 8, kalinga university 238, kamdhenu university 8, kameshwara singh darbhanga sanskrit vishwavidyalaya, darbhanga 3, kannada university 101, kannur university 879, karnataka samskrit university 61, karnataka state law university 12, karnataka state open university 17, karnataka state womens university 297, karnataka veterinary, animal and fisheries sciences university 102, karnatak university 5100, karnavati university 11, karpagam university 298, karunya university 582, kavayitri bahinabai chaudhari north maharashtra university 1278, kavikulaguru kalidas sanskrit university 149, kazi nazrul university 24, kerala agricultural university 6, kerala university of health sciences 2, khwaja moinuddin chishti urdu, arabi-farsi university 16, kiit university 1077, king george medical university 21, kle technological university 13, kle university 187, kolhan university 34, koneru lakshmaiah education foundation 931, krantiguru shyamji krishna verma kachchh university 124, krea university 1, krishna institute of medical sciences, deemed to be university karad 68, krishna kanta handiqui state open university 36, krishna university, machilipatnam 69, k.r. mangalam university, gurgaon 101, kumaun university 1719, kurukshetra university 1483, kushabhau thakre patrakarita avam jansanchar vishwavidyalaya 7, kuvempu university 1388, lakshmibai national university of physical education 221, lakulish yoga university 19, lalit narayan mithila university 6859, lingayas vidyapeeth 94, lnct university 136, lovely professional university 831, madan mohan malaviya university of technology 91, madhav university 241, madhyanchal professional university 3, madhya pradesh bhoj (open) university 9, madurai kamaraj university 5837, magadh university 22, mahapurusha srimanta sankaradeva viswavidyalaya 38, maharaja agrasen university 105, maharaja ganga singh university 2278, maharaja krishnakumarsinhji bhavnagar university 1506, maharaja ranjit singh punjab technical university 19, maharaja sayajirao university of baroda 4071, maharaja sriram chandra bhanja deo university 16, maharaja vinayak global university 107, maharana pratap university of agriculture and technology 158, maharashtra animal and fishery sciences university 17, maharashtra national law university nagpur 5, maharashtra university of health sciences 221, maharishi markandeshwar university, mullana 505, maharishi markandeshwar university, sadopur (ambala) 27, maharishi university of information technology 50, maharshi dayanand saraswati university 209, maharshi dayanand university 4652, mahatma gandhi antarrashtriya hindi vishwavidyalaya 254, mahatma gandhi chitrakoot gramodaya vishwavidyalaya 148, mahatma gandhi kashi vidyapith 4972, mahatma gandhi univeristy of medical sciences & technnology , jaipur 38, mahatma gandhi university 3914, mahatma gandhi university, nalgonda 13, mahatma jyotiba phule rohilkhand university 1657, makhanlal chaturvedi national university of journalism and communication, bhopal 22, malaviya national institute of technology jaipur 361, malwanchal university, indore 44, management development institute gurgaon 25, manav rachna international institute of research and studies 228, manav rachna university 58, mandsaur university 56, mangalayatan university 122, mangalore university 2021, manipal academy of higher education 1699, manipal university jaipur 316, manipur university 1813, manonmaniam sundaranar university 7400, martin luther christian university 43, marwadi university 15, mats university 89, maulana abul kalam azad university of technology 85, maulana azad national institute of technology bhopal 282, maulana azad national urdu university 391, m.b.m. university 15, medi caps university, indore 25, meenakshi academy of higher education and research 167, mewar university 335, mgm institute of health sciences 134, mica, ahmedabad 26, mit-adt university, pune 51, mizoram university 783, mody university of science and technology 120, mohammad ali jauhar university 4, mohan lal sukhadia university 1044, monad university 36, motherhood university 1, mother teresa womens university 1071, motilal nehru national institute of technology 578, m s ramaiah university of applied sciences 70, mvn university,palwal 69, nagaland university 520, narsee monjee institute of management studies 279, national brain research centre 97, national institute of educational planning and administration (niepa) 34, national institute of fashion technology delhi 30, national institute of food technology entrepreneurship and management - niftem (k)kundli 25, national institute of food technology entrepreneurship and management thanjavur (niftem-t) 27, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research, ahmedabad 29, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research, guwahati 24, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research, hajipur 11, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research, hyderabad 41, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research kolkata 14, national institute of pharmaceutical education and research, raebareli 6, national institute of technology agartala 173, national institute of technology arunachal pradesh 54, national institute of technology calicut 228, national institute of technology delhi 67, national institute of technology durgapur 160, national institute of technology goa 49, national institute of technology hamirpur 94, national institute of technology jamshedpur 122, national institute of technology karnataka 494, national institute of technology,kurukshetra 158, national institute of technology manipur 72, national institute of technology mizoram 34, national institute of technology nagaland 11, national institute of technology (nit) meghalaya 96, national institute of technology (nit), warangal 555, national institute of technology patna 344, national institute of technology puducherry 56, national institute of technology raipur 192, national institute of technology, rourkela 398, national institute of technology sikkim 29, national institute of technology silchar 69, national institute of technology srinagar 189, national institute of technology tiruchirappalli 234, national institute of technology uttarakhand 35, national law institute university, bhopal 8, national law school of india university 48, national law university and judicial academy, guwahati 9, national law university, delhi 37, national law university, odisha 12, national museum institute of hisotry of art conservation and musicology 2, national sanskrit university 47, navrachana university 24, nehru gram bharati university 155, netaji subhas open university 1, netaji subhas university of technology 9, niilm university 1, niit university 15, nims university rajasthan 358, nirma university 383, nitte university 94, noida international university 77, noorul islam centre for higher education 351, north-eastern hill university 2730, north eastern regional institute of science and technology (nerist) 95, odisha university of agriculture and technology 160, om sterling global university 100, o.p. jindal university 8, opjs university 21, oriental university 92, osmania university 1637, pacific university 2297, padmashree dr. d.y. patil vidyapeeth, navi mumbai 74, pandit deendayal petroleum university 176, pandit s. n. shukla university, shahdol 10, parul university 190, patna university 332, peoples university, bhopal 7, periyar maniammai university 157, periyar university 3210, pes university 23, p.k. university 24, pondicherry university 2509, poornima university 75, potti sreeramulu telugu university 1, p p savani university 3, pravara institute of medical sciences 45, presidency university 108, presidency university, karnataka 155, prist university 86, pt. ravishankar shukla university 2918, pt. sundarlal sharma open university bilaspur 250, punjab engineering college (deemed to be university) 60, punjabi university 3179, rabindra bharati university 420, rabindranath tagore university, bhopal 317, raffles university 16, raiganj university 182, rai university 308, rajasthan technical university, kota 149, rajiv gandhi institute of petroleum technology 37, rajiv gandhi national institute of youth development 7, rajiv gandhi national university of law punjab 31, rajiv gandhi proudyogiki vishwavidyalaya 595, rajiv gandhi university 655, rama devi womens university 12, ramakrishna mission vivekananda educational and research institute 222, ramakrishna mission vivekananda university 1, rama university, uttar pradesh 74, ramchandra chandravansi university 7, ranchi university 91, rani channamma university 118, rani durgavati vishwavidyalaya 356, rashtrasant tukadoji maharaj nagpur university 311, rashtriya raksha university 19, ravenshaw university 486, rayat bahra university, mohali 16, regional centre for biotechnology 1, reva university 219, rimt university 38, rkdf university 126, rk university 286, rnb global university 4, sage university, indore 82, sai nath university 138, sambalpur university 1774, sam higginbottom institute of agriculture, technology and sciences 478, sampurnanand sanskrit vishwavidhyalaya 3, sanchi university of buddhist-indic studies, bhopal 6, sandip university 39, sangam university 63, sanjay gandhi post graduate institute of medical sciences, lucknow 12, sanjay ghodawat university 2, sankalchand patel university 54, sanskriti university 49, sant baba bhag singh university 38, sant gadge baba amravati university 3025, sant longowal institute of engineering and technology 315, santosh deemed to be university 104, sardarkrushinagar dantiwada agricultural university 0, sardar patel university 3350, sardar vallabhbhai national institute of technology surat 409, sarvepalli radhakrishnan university 148, sastra university 553, satavahana university 8, sathyabama institute of science and technology 422, saurashtra university 3277, saveetha university 836, school of planning and architecture, bhopal 21, school of planning and architecture, new delhi 49, school of planning and architecture vijayawada 10, seacom skills university 116, sgt university 105, sharda university 215, sher-e-kashmir university of agricultural sciences and technology of jammu 137, shivaji university 4872, shiv nadar university 176, shobhit university, gangoh 29, shobhit university, meerut 166, shoolini university of biotechnology and management sciences 511, shree somnath sanskrit university 110, shri govind guru university 24, shri guru ram rai university 60, shri jagdishprasad jhabarmal tibarewala university 3652, shri khushal das university 117, shri lal bahadur shastri national sanskrit university 545, shri mata vaishno devi university 227, shri ramswaroop memorial university 150, shri vaishnav vidyapeeth vishwavidyalaya 47, shri venkateshwara university, uttar pradesh 2, shyam university 9, sidho kanho birsha university 106, sido kanhu murmu university 21, sikkim manipal university 87, sikkim university 206, siksha "o" anusandhan university 568, singhania university 23, sir padampat singhania university 75, sndt womens university 1263, solapur university 270, south asian university 2, s. p. jain institute of management and research 1, sree sankaracharya university of sanskrit 719, sri balaji vidyapeeth 53, sri chandrasekharendra saraswathi viswa mahavidyalaya 417, sri devaraj urs academy of higher education and research 43, sri guru granth sahib world university 84, sri guru ram das university of health sciences 9, sri krishnadevaraya university 3434, srinivas university 17, sri padmavathi womens university 245, sri ramachandra institute of higher education and research 372, sri sai university 2, sri sathya sai institute of higher learning 110, sri satya sai university of technology & medical sciences 80, sri siddhartha academy of higher education 59, sri sri university 17, sri venkateswara institute of medical sciences 23, sri venkateswara university 5461, srm institute of science and technology 1561, srm university- ap 21, srm university, delhi-ncr, sonepat 83, starex university 2, st. joseph university, dimapur 14, st. peter’s institute of higher education and research 394, st. xaviers university, kolkata 1, sumandeep vidyapeeth deemed to be university 48, sunrise university 5, suresh gyan vihar university 387, sushant university (earlier ansal university) 59, swami rama himalayan university 14, swami ramanand teerth marathwada university 5618, swami vivekanad subharti university 178, swami vivekananda yoga anusandhana sansthana 142, swami vivekanand university 80, swarnim gujarat sports university 7, symbiosis international university 515, tamil nadu agricultural university 1415, tamil nadu dr. ambedkar law university 59, tamil nadu open university 49, tamilnadu physical education and sports university 259, tamil nadu teachers education university, chennai 203, tamil nadu veterinary and animal sciences university 79, tamil university 161, tantia university 240, tata institute of fundamental research 1008, tata institute of social sciences 583, techno india university 4, teerthanker mahaveer university 132, teri school of advanced studies 138, tezpur university 912, thapar institute of engineering and technology 1198, the assam kaziranga university 23, the assam royal global university 14, the charutar vidya mandal cvm university 5, the english & foreign languages university, hyderabad 786, the gandhigram rural institute 1374, the icfai university, dehradun 42, the iihmr university, jaipur 35, the indian law institute, new delhi 19, the lnm institute of information technology 34, the national academy of legal studies and research (nalsar) university of law 50, the national university of advanced legal studies 4, the neotia university 4, the northcap university 109, the tamil nadu dr. m.g.r. medical university 421, the university of burdwan 3079, the west bengal national university of juridical sciences 35, thiruvalluvar university 289, thunchath ezhuthachan malayalam university 16, tilak maharashtra vidyapeeth 910, tilka manjhi bhagalpur university 269, tripura university 446, tumkur university 299, uka tarsadia university 113, university of agricultural sciences, bangalore 453, university of agricultural sciences, dharwad 286, university of agricultural sciences, raichur 63, university of allahabad 2509, university of calicut 2233, university of delhi 5326, university of engineering and management, kolkata 17, university of gour banga 12, university of hyderabad 2703, university of jammu 1202, university of kalyani 2836, university of kashmir 1927, university of kerala 6793, university of kota 113, university of lucknow 6079, university of mysore 4302, university of north bengal 2072, university of patanjali 32, university of petroleum and energy studies (upes) 398, university of rajasthan 1810, university of science and technology, meghalaya 101, u.p. pt. deen dayal upadhyaya pashu chikitsa vigyan vishwavidhyalaya evam go anusandha sansthan 18, u p rajarshi tondon open university 336, usha martin university 21, utkal university 5661, uttarakhand open university 18, uttarakhand sanskrit university 56, uttarakhand technical university 275, uttaranchal university 73, vardhaman mahaveer open university, kota 21, v. b. s. purvanchal university 9113, veer kunwar singh university, arrah 32, veer narmad south gujarat university 3353, veer surendra sai university of technology 189, vellore institute of technology bhopal 8, vellore institute of technology, vellore 2273, vellore institute of technology (vit-ap) 72, vels university 913, vel tech rangarajan dr. sagunthala r&d institute of science and technology 236, vidyasagar university 881, vignans foundation for science technology and research 211, vijayanagara sri krishnadevaraya university, bellary 131, vikram university 95, vinayaka missions research foundation 361, vinoba bhave university 248, vishwakarma university 27, visva bharti university 1582, visvesvaraya national institute of technology 283, visvesvaraya technological university, belagavi 1064, vivekananda global university 74, william carey university 1, xim university 26, yashwantrao chavan maharashtra open university 330, ybn university 41, yenepoya (deemed to be university) 135, yogi vemana university 92, about shodhshuddhi.

Based on the recommendation of Sub-Committee, National Steering Committee (NSC) of e-ShodhSindhu, The Ministry of Education, Govt. of India has initiated a programme "ShodhShuddhi" which provides access to Plagiarism Detection Software (PDS) to all universities/Institutions in India since Sept 1, 2019 [Read More...]

Under this initiative, URKUND a Web Based Plagiarism Detection Software system is being provided to all users of universities/Intuitions in the country. This initiative is formally launched by Honorable Minister of HRD (now renamed as Minister of Education) on September 21, 2019

The INFLIBNET Centre receives numerous queries from Colleges regarding membership to Shodhganga and e-ShodhSindhu. Following clarifications are being provided in this regard: Read More.

Full Text Theses

Synopses/mrps/pdfs/fellowships, universities contributing, universities+cftis/inis signed mou, prof devika p madalli, sh. manoj kumar k, general / technical query, antiplagiarism query.

The Shodhganga@INFLIBNET Centre provides a platform for research students to deposit their Ph.D. theses and make it available to the entire scholarly community in open access. The repository has the ability to capture, index, store, disseminate and preserve ETDs submitted by the researchers. [Read l]

UT Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Permanent URI for this collection https://hdl.handle.net/2152/11

This collection contains University of Texas at Austin electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs). The collection includes ETDs primarily from 2001 to the present. Some pre-2001 theses and dissertations have been digitized and added to this collection, but those are uncommon. The library catalog is the most comprehensive list of UT Austin theses and dissertations.

Since 2010, the Office of Graduate Studies at UT Austin has required all theses and dissertations to be made publicly available in Texas ScholarWorks; however, authors are able to request an embargo of up to seven years. Embargoed ETDs will not show up in this collection. Most of the ETDs in this collection are freely accessible to all users, but some pre-2010 works require a current UT EID at point of use. Please see the FAQs for more information. If you have a question about the availability of a specific ETD, please contact [email protected].

Some items in this collection may contain offensive images or text. The University of Texas Libraries is committed to maintaining an accurate and authentic scholarly and historic record. An authentic record is essential for understanding our past and informing the present. In order to preserve the authenticity of the historical record we will not honor requests to redact content, correct errors, or otherwise remove content, except in cases where there are legal concerns (e.g. potential copyright infringement, inclusion of HIPAA/FERPA protected information or Social Security Numbers) or evidence of a clear and imminent threat to personal safety or well-being.

This policy is in keeping with the  American Library Association code of ethics  to resist efforts to censor library resources, and the  Society of American Archivists code of ethics  that states "archivists may not willfully alter, manipulate, or destroy data or records to conceal facts or distort evidence." Please see UT Libraries'  Statement on Harmful Language and Content  for more information.

Recent Submissions

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Two receive TS Piper Award for outstanding PhD thesis

Two PhD graduates in the Department of Chemistry were awarded the 2024 Theron Standish Piper Award for outstanding thesis work in inorganic chemistry.

Chi-Herng "Daniel" Hu, advised by Prof. Liviu Mirica, and Joe Lastowski, advised by Prof. Greg Girolami, presented their individual thesis work during a special lecture in May and both received their 2024 TS Piper awards.

More about Daniel Hu

More about joe lastowski, related people.

• Awards and Honors
• Inorganic Chemistry

More Department News

• Two receive TS Piper Award for outstanding PhD thesis Two PhD graduates in the Department of Chemistry — Chi-Herng "Daniel" Hu and Joe Lastowski — were awarded the 2024 Theron Standish Piper Award for outstanding thesis work in inorganic chemistry. Read full story
• Frank Alcorn receives 2023 Klemperer Award for Outstanding Dissertation Alcorn is now a postdoctoral researcher in the Materials Physics Division of Sandia National Labs and recently returned to the Illinois campus to receive the Klemperer Award and present his dissertation research. Read full story
• Chemistry labs divert more than one ton of PPE from waste stream Through the Kimberly-Clark Right Cycle Program, teaching labs and some research labs in the Department of Chemistry diverted 1.03 tons or 2,278 pounds of PPE waste in 2023, earning the department a 2024 Greenovation Award. Read full story

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